scholarly journals Coastal Geoindicators and anomalous precipitation patterns associated with variations in the SAM and the ENSO

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 1419
Author(s):  
Venisse Schossler ◽  
Jefferson Cardia Simões ◽  
Francisco Eliseu Aquino ◽  
Catherine Fitzpatrick
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
South Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Lower Volume ◽  
Sedimentary Dynamics ◽  
Precipitation Anomalies ◽  
Sedimentary Budget

TThe interaction between ocean, continent and atmosphere submits the beaches to intense sedimentary dynamics. All processes of transport, erosion and sedimentary deposition are under direct influence of the climate and its variability. This papper expound variations in geoindicators by remote sensing in three different sectors of the Rio Grande do Sul Coastal Plain during periods of precipitation anomalies (PP) associated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) and El Niño - Southern Oscillation (ENSO), by the MEI index. Data from the satellite TRMM were used between 1998 and 2013, correlated to the two indexes by classification matrices and t student test. Geoindicators were compared between periods of precipitation above and below average. The results show a negative correlation between PP anomalies on the central and south coast and the SAM, and a positive correlation between PP anomalies on the south coast and the MEI. No similar correlations are found between the north coast and either of the two indexes. The majority of events are PP (78%) and can be simultaneously related to a SAM+ and a MEI- or only MEI+. All PP+ events were concomitant with MEI+. The geoindicators presented observable variations by remote sensing between the below and above average rainfall periods. The greater number of PP events in the areas of the geoindicators studied may represent a lower volume of sediments transported from the backshore to the shoreline changing the sedimentary budget. Wind can transport dry sands from dune fields and fill lakes and lagoons of the study area, unbalancing the ecosystem. 

Anomalies of continental precipitation associated with El Niño Southern Oscillation: the role of moisture contribution from oceanic and terrestrial sources 

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogert Sorí ◽  
Raquel Nieto ◽  
Margarida L.R. Liberato ◽  
Luis Gimeno
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
The United States ◽  
Precipitation Pattern ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
The North ◽  
Terrestrial Origin ◽  
Precipitation Anomalies ◽  
June July

<p>The regional and global precipitation pattern is highly modulated by the influence of El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), which is considered the most important mode of climate variability on the planet. In this study was investigated the asymmetry of the continental precipitation anomalies during El Niño and La Niña. To do it, a Lagrangian approach already validated was used to determine the proportion of the total Lagrangian precipitation that is of oceanic and terrestrial origin. During both, El Niño and La Niña, the Lagrangian precipitation in regions such as the northeast of South America, the east and west coast of North America, Europe, the south of West Africa, Southeast Asia, and Oceania is generally determined by the oceanic component of the precipitation, while that from terrestrial origin provides a major percentage of the average Lagrangian precipitation towards the interior of the continents. The role of the moisture contribution to precipitation from terrestrial and oceanic origin was evaluated in regions with statistically significant precipitation anomalies during El Niño and La Niña. Two-phase asymmetric behavior of the precipitation was found in regions such the northeast of South America, South Africa, the north of Mexico, and southeast of the United States, etc. principally for December-January-February and June-July-August. For some of these regions was also calculated the anomalies of the precipitation from other datasets to confirm the changes. Besides, for these regions was calculated the anomaly of the Lagrangian precipitation, which agrees in all the cases with the precipitation change. For these regions, it was determined which component of the Lagrangian precipitation, whether oceanic or terrestrial, controlled the precipitation anomalies. A schematic figure represents the extent of the most important seasonal oceanic and terrestrial sources for each subregion during El Niño and La Niña.</p>

Cultural Responses to Environmental Catastrophes: Post-El Niño Subsistence on the Prehistoric North Coast of Peru

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry D. Moore
Keyword(s):  
El Niño ◽  
El Nino ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Enso Event ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Archaeological Data ◽  
Enso Events ◽  
The North ◽  
Cultural Responses ◽  
North Coast Of Peru

Recent debate about the development of complex societies on the north coast of Peru has turned on the relative importance of marine vs. terrestrial resources and the extent to which different resource zones are upset by El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. While ENSO events are cited frequently as having important consequences for Prehispanic Andean societies, in fact there are few archaeological data about the nature of cultural responses to a specific ENSO event. Archaeological data from two Chimu settlements in the Casma Valley, Peru—Quebrada Sta. Cristina and Manchan—document the occurrence of a fourteenth-century A.D. ENSO event and some of the cultural responses to that prehistoric El Niño.

scholarly journals Diversity and distribution of microalgae in coastal areas of East Java, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
UMI ZAKIYAH ◽  
MULYANTO ◽  
LUCIA TRI SUWANTI ◽  
MOCHAMAD DONNY KOERNIAWAN ◽  
EKO AGUS SUYONO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Biodiversity Loss ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
South Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Anthropogenic Development ◽  
North And South

Abstract. Zakiyah U, Mulyanto, Suwanti LT, Koerniawan MD, Suyono EA, Budiman A, Siregar UJ. 2020. Diversity and distribution of microalgae in coastal areas of East Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 21: 1149-1159. Indonesia is well known as one of hotspot for biodiversity, including marine resources. However, Indonesia biodiversity has declined rapidly due to the changes in the aquatic environmental quality as the consequence of human activities. Biodiversity loss has been well studied in larger organisms, however, less is known for microorganisms, such as microalgae. Microalgae have received much attention recently due to its potential as renewable energy sources. This study aimed at describing biodiversity and distribution of microalgae in coastal areas of East Java and Madura, Indonesia. Six sites, i.e. Trenggalek and Sendangbiru representing south coast, Banyuwangi and Situbondo representing north coast of East Java, Pasongsongan and Pamekasan representing Madura north and south coast, respectively were sampled, which representing different background of anthropogenic development in these areas. Results showed that seawater condition in all sites is still good, with average pH 8.0 despite intense human activities, such as ecotourism, fishing and boat harbor, as well as residential area that has the potential to produce a lot of waste. Totally, there were 35 genera from all locations with varying abundance in each location and diversity index ranging from 1.105-3.312. Although most genera belonged to Bacyllariophyta, domination indices showed that there was not any single specific domination in all locations. Morisita indices showed that most distribution gave positive values indicating clumped dispersion of microalgae in all locations. Higher Shannon-Weaver indices characterized the south coast of East Java and Madura compared to the north coast of East Java area, which corresponded with lower dominancy indices.

scholarly journals Use of Teleconnections to Predict Western Australian Seasonal Rainfall Using ARIMAX Model

Hydrology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Farhana Islam ◽  
Monzur Alam Imteaz
Keyword(s):  
Prediction Models ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Moving Average ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Seasonal Rainfall ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Rainfall Prediction ◽  
Auto Regressive ◽  
Mlr Model

Increased demand for engineering propositions to forecast rainfall events in an area or region has resulted in developing different rainfall prediction models. Interestingly, rainfall is a very complicated natural system that requires consideration of various attributes. However, regardless of the predictability performance, easy to use models have always been welcomed over the complex and ambiguous alternatives. This study presents the development of Auto–Regressive Integrated Moving Average models with exogenous input (ARIMAX) to forecast autumn rainfall in the South West Division (SWD) of Western Australia (WA). Climate drivers such as Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) and El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) were used as predictors. Eight rainfall stations with 100 years of continuous data from two coastal regions (south coast and north coast) were selected. In the south coast region, Albany (0,1,1) with exogenous input DMIOct–Nino3Nov, and Northampton (0,1,1) with exogenous input DMIJan–Nino3Nov were able to forecast autumn rainfall 4 months and 2 months in advance, respectively. Statistical performance of the ARIMAX model was compared with the multiple linear regression (MLR) model, where for calibration and validation periods, the ARIMAX model showed significantly higher correlations (0.60 and 0.80, respectively), compared to the MLR model (0.44 and 0.49, respectively). It was evident that the ARIMAX model can predict rainfall up to 4 months in advance, while the MLR has shown strict limitation of prediction up to 1 month in advance. For WA, the developed ARIMAX model can help to overcome the difficulty in seasonal rainfall prediction as well as its application can make an invaluable contribution to stakeholders’ economic preparedness plans.

scholarly journals Some Factors That Influence Seasonal Precipitation in Argentinean Chaco

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Hebe González ◽  
María Laura Cariaga ◽  
María de los Milagros Skansi
Keyword(s):  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Spring Precipitation ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Central Brazil ◽  
The North ◽  
Interannual Rainfall Variability ◽  
Oceanic Forcing ◽  
Main Activity

The Chaco plain region in Argentina is located in the north of the country and east of Los Andes where the main activity is the agriculture. As such activity is highly affected by interannual rainfall variability, the influence of some of the principal atmospheric and oceanic forcing is investigated in this paper. Results show that the factors which affect precipitation highly depend on the season and the subregion. The position of the South Atlantic Height and the sea surface temperature in the coast of southern Brazil and Buenos Aires seem to be the factors that affect rainfall, all over the year. The El Niño-Southern Oscillation phenomenon affects summer and spring rainfall and the Southern Annular Mode involves spring precipitation but both only in the east of the study region. Furthermore, enhanced convection in Central Brazil, mainly influences autumn and spring rainfall.

A Radiocarbon Date from the Central Coast of Peru

1961 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-550
Author(s):  
Louis M. Stumer
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
The North

AbstractA specimen from a bundle of rope found at Playa Grande in association with pottery of Playa Grande 1 style and the white-zoned and white-slipped varieties of the Baños de Boza style is dated at A.D. 570 ± 160 (L-384A). Since the Playa Grande ceramic style has good crossties with Late Mochica, Salinar, Puerto Moorin, Maranga, and Nazca styles, this date tends to substantiate the generally accepted but not clearly demonstrated contemporaneity of the Mochica 3, 4, 5 sequence on the North Coast with the Playa Grande, Maranga sequence on the Central Coast and the Nazca A, B, Y development on the South Coast.

scholarly journals On the Remote Drivers of Rainfall Variability in Australia

2009 ◽  
Vol 137 (10) ◽  
pp. 3233-3253 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Risbey ◽  
Michael J. Pook ◽  
Peter C. McIntosh ◽  
Matthew C. Wheeler ◽  
Harry H. Hendon
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Decadal Variability ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Rainfall Variability ◽  
Southern Annular Mode ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
The Individual

Abstract This work identifies and documents a suite of large-scale drivers of rainfall variability in the Australian region. The key driver in terms of broad influence and impact on rainfall is the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). ENSO is related to rainfall over much of the continent at different times, particularly in the north and east, with the regions of influence shifting with the seasons. The Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) is particularly important in the June–October period, which spans much of the wet season in the southwest and southeast where IOD has an influence. ENSO interacts with the IOD in this period such that their separate regions of influence cover the entire continent. Atmospheric blocking also becomes most important during this period and has an influence on rainfall across the southern half of the continent. The Madden–Julian oscillation can influence rainfall in different parts of the continent in different seasons, but its impact is strongest on the monsoonal rains in the north. The influence of the southern annular mode is mostly confined to the southwest and southeast of the continent. The patterns of rainfall relationship to each of the drivers exhibit substantial decadal variability, though the characteristic regions described above do not change markedly. The relationships between large-scale drivers and rainfall are robust to the selection of typical indices used to represent the drivers. In most regions the individual drivers account for less than 20% of monthly rainfall variability, though the drivers relate to a predictable component of this variability. The amount of rainfall variance explained by individual drivers is highest in eastern Australia and in spring, where it approaches 50% in association with ENSO and blocking.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document