A Radiocarbon Date from the Central Coast of Peru

1961 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-550
Author(s):  
Louis M. Stumer
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
Radiocarbon Date ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
The North

AbstractA specimen from a bundle of rope found at Playa Grande in association with pottery of Playa Grande 1 style and the white-zoned and white-slipped varieties of the Baños de Boza style is dated at A.D. 570 ± 160 (L-384A). Since the Playa Grande ceramic style has good crossties with Late Mochica, Salinar, Puerto Moorin, Maranga, and Nazca styles, this date tends to substantiate the generally accepted but not clearly demonstrated contemporaneity of the Mochica 3, 4, 5 sequence on the North Coast with the Playa Grande, Maranga sequence on the Central Coast and the Nazca A, B, Y development on the South Coast.

Environmental effects on coral growth and recruitment in the Caribbean

2011 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. James C. Crabbe
Keyword(s):  
Coral Reef ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
South Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Coral Recruitment ◽  
The South ◽  
Port Royal ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Kingston Harbour

Knowledge about factors that are important in coral reef growth help us to understand how reef ecosystems react following major anthropogenic and environmental disturbances. In addition, they may help the industry understand how aquarists can improve the health of their corals. I have studied environmental and climate effects on corals on fringing reefs in Jamaica. Radial growth rates (mm/yr) of non-branching corals calculated on an annual basis from 2000–2008 showed few significant differences either spatially or temporally along the north coast, although growth rates tended to be higher on reefs of higher rugosity and lower macroalgal cover. I have also reconstructed recruitment patterns, using growth modelling, for non-branching corals at sites on the north coast of Jamaica near Discovery Bay, and near Kingston Harbour, on the south coast. For all the sites, recruitment of non-branching corals was lowered due to hurricanes or severe storms. For 1560 non-branching corals at sites along the north coast of Jamaica, from Rio Bueno to Pear Tree, there was a significant difference in estimated coral recruitment in years when there were no storms or hurricanes by comparison to years when storms and hurricanes impacted the area. For 347 non-branching corals at sites in the Port Royal Cays on the south coast, there was a significant difference in estimated coral recruitment in years when there were no storms or hurricanes by comparison to years when storms and hurricanes impacted the area. Interestingly, recruitment of Siderastrea siderea on to the side of the ship channel at Rackham's Cay (~100 m from the path taken by large ships) outside Kingston Harbour had been consistent since its construction. These findings have important implications for better understanding the impacts of tropical storms on coral reefs and for aquarists to better maintain coral reef species in artificial environments.

Irrigation Requirements of Sorghum in South and North Coasts of Puerto Rico

1969 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 585-598
Author(s):  
Megh R. Goyal ◽  
Eladio A. González
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Rainfall Data ◽  
South Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Planting Dates ◽  
Consumptive Use ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Experiment ◽  
Irrigation Requirements

Net irrigation requirements (NIR) of sorghum were estimated for three crop durations (3, 3.5 and 4 months), and 5 planting dates at the Fortuna Agricultural Experiment Substation, Juana Díaz, in the south coast of Puerto Rico and the Isabela Agricultural Experiment Substation, in the north coast of Puerto Rico. Modified Blaney-Criddle model was used to estimate monthly consumptive use (CU) with the temperature and rainfall data for these two locations. CU and NIR were highest at Fortuna than at Isabela for all three crop durations. For the January planting, the monthly NIR range (in) was 2.57 to 3.83 for 90 days, 0.71 to 3.83 for 3.5 months and 2.13 to 4.24 for 120 days at Fortuna; and 1.53 to 2.76 for 3 months; 0.00 to 2.76 for 105 days; 1.18 to 3.03 for 4 months at Isabela. Seasonal NIR (in) was 9.36 for 3 months, 11.13 for 3.5 months, 12.79 for 120 days at Fortuna compared with 6.95 for 3 months, 7.40 for 105 days, 8.80 for 4 months at Isabela. At both locations minimum NIR was observed in March for 3 months and in April for 3.5 and 4 months. For all planting dares, seasonal NIR (in) ranged between 8.46 to 9.36, 10.37 to 11.13, and 11.67 to 12.79 for 3, 3.5 and 4 months at Fortuna compared with 5.34 to 6.45, 6.36 to 7.40 and 7.51 to 8.80 for 3, 3.5 and 4 months af Isabela. In both locations minimum total NIR was observed in the November planting, whereas maximum total NIR was observed in the January planting. NIR was also estimated for a 20% rainfall probability which would represent dry years.

scholarly journals PEMBERDAYAAN PENGOLAH IKAN SKALA RUMAH TANGGA DI PROVINSI JAWA BARAT

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Yaya Hudaya ◽  
Aida Vitayala Hubeis ◽  
Basita Sugihen ◽  
Anna Fatchiya
Keyword(s):  
South Coast ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Fish Processing ◽  
The South ◽  
The West ◽  
West Java ◽  
The North ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
North And South

Pemberdayaan pengolah ikan di Provinsi Jawa Barat dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan pelaku usaha, menjamin keamanan pangan produk yang dihasilkan, dan ikut menjaga kelestarian sumber daya ikan yang ada. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis kinerja pemberdayaan pengolah ikan skala rumah tangga dan dampaknya di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Metode analisis menggunakan uji beda Man Whitney U. Hipotesis penelitian ini adalah ada perbedaan nyata proses pemberdayaan pengolah ikan dan dampaknya di pesisir utara Kabupaten Cirebon dan selatan Kabupaten Sukabumi, Provinsi Jawa Barat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan nyata proses pemberdayaan pengolah ikan dan dampaknya baik di pesisir utara Kabupaten Cirebon maupun di pesisir selatan Kabupaten Sukabumi. Kebijakan pemberdayaan pengolahan ikan skala rumah tangga di Provinsi Jawa Barat baik di pesisir utara maupun selatan tidak perlu dibedakan. Namun, intensitas pemberdayaan terutama penyuluhan perikanan, bantuan peralatan dan modal usaha perlu ditingkatkan lagi. Title: The Empowerment of Small Scale Fish Processorsin West Java Province Empowerment of fish processors in West Java Province was carried out in order to improve wellbeing of the fish processors, ensuring food security of the product, and maintaining sustainability of the fish resource. The purpose of this study was to analyze performance of the empowerment of small scale fish processors and its related impact in the West Java Province. The analytical method used different test Man Whitney U. Hypothesis of this research was that there was a significant difference between the process of fish processing empowerment and its related impact in the north coast of Cirebon District and in the south coast of Sukabumi district of West Java Province. The results indicated that there was no significant difference between the process of fish processing empowerment and its impact both in the north coast of Cirebon and in the south coast of Sukabumi. Hence, policy on empowerment small scale fish processing household in both north and south coast districts of West Java Province can be treated the same. However, the intensity of empowerment, especially in terms of fisheries extension, equipment and business capital assistance need to be improved.

scholarly journals Sea-Ice Drift on the Northeastern Shelf of Sakhalin Island

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (11) ◽  
pp. 2470-2491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgy V. Shevchenko ◽  
Alexander B. Rabinovich ◽  
Richard E. Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Sakhalin Island ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Central Coast ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
The North ◽  
South Central ◽  
Ice Drift

Abstract Ice-drift velocity records from coastal radar stations, combined with data from moored current meters and coastal wind stations, are used to examine sea-ice motion off the northeastern coast of Sakhalin Island in the Sea of Okhotsk. Ice motion is shown to be governed primarily by diurnal tidal currents and wind-induced drift, which explain 92%–95% of the total ice-drift variance. Diurnal tidal motions predominate off the northern Sakhalin coast, accounting for 65%–80% of the variance, while low-frequency wind-induced motions prevail off the south-central coast, accounting for over 91% of the ice-drift variance. Maximum diurnal tidal ice-drift velocities range from 90–110 cm s−1 on the north coast to 10–15 cm s−1 on the south coast, in good agreement with the barotropic model of Kowalik and Polyakov. The presence of diurnal shelf waves accounts for the strong diurnal currents on the steeply sloping northern Sakhalin shelf, while the absence of such waves explains the weak diurnal currents on the more gently sloping south-central shelf. Using a vector regression model, the authors show that wind-induced ice-drift “response ellipses” (the current velocity response to a unity wind-velocity forcing) are consistent with a predominantly alongshore response to the wind, with wind-induced currents most pronounced off the south-central coast where water depths are relatively shallow. Time–frequency analysis of wind and ice-drift series reveals that, in winter, when sea ice is most extensive and internally cohesive, the ice response is almost entirely aligned with the alongshore component of the wind; in spring, when sea ice is broken and patchy, the ice responds to both the cross- and alongshore components of the wind.

Meteorological Characteristics and Overland Precipitation Impacts of Atmospheric Rivers Affecting the West Coast of North America Based on Eight Years of SSM/I Satellite Observations

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul J. Neiman ◽  
F. Martin Ralph ◽  
Gary A. Wick ◽  
Jessica D. Lundquist ◽  
Michael D. Dettinger
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
North Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
Cool Season ◽  
Atmospheric Rivers ◽  
Vapor Flux ◽  
The North

Abstract The pre-cold-frontal low-level jet within oceanic extratropical cyclones represents the lower-tropospheric component of a deeper corridor of concentrated water vapor transport in the cyclone warm sector. These corridors are referred to as atmospheric rivers (ARs) because they are narrow relative to their length scale and are responsible for most of the poleward water vapor transport at midlatitudes. This paper investigates landfalling ARs along adjacent north- and south-coast regions of western North America. Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) satellite observations of long, narrow plumes of enhanced integrated water vapor (IWV) were used to detect ARs just offshore over the eastern Pacific from 1997 to 2005. The north coast experienced 301 AR days, while the south coast had only 115. Most ARs occurred during the warm season in the north and cool season in the south, despite the fact that the cool season is climatologically wettest for both regions. Composite SSM/I IWV analyses showed landfalling wintertime ARs extending northeastward from the tropical eastern Pacific, whereas the summertime composites were zonally oriented and, thus, did not originate from this region of the tropics. Companion SSM/I composites of daily rainfall showed significant orographic enhancement during the landfall of winter (but not summer) ARs. The NCEP–NCAR global reanalysis dataset and regional precipitation networks were used to assess composite synoptic characteristics and overland impacts of landfalling ARs. The ARs possess strong vertically integrated horizontal water vapor fluxes that, on average, impinge on the West Coast in the pre-cold-frontal environment in winter and post-cold-frontal environment in summer. Even though the IWV in the ARs is greater in summer, the vapor flux is stronger in winter due to much stronger flows associated with more intense storms. The landfall of ARs in winter and north-coast summer coincides with anomalous warmth, a trough offshore, and ridging over the Intermountain West, whereas the south-coast summer ARs coincide with relatively cold conditions and a near-coast trough. ARs have a much more profound impact on near-coast precipitation in winter than summer, because the terrain-normal vapor flux is stronger and the air more nearly saturated in winter. During winter, ARs produce roughly twice as much precipitation as all storms. In addition, wintertime ARs with the largest SSM/I IWV are tied to more intense storms with stronger flows and vapor fluxes, and more precipitation. ARs generally increase snow water equivalent (SWE) in autumn/winter and decrease SWE in spring. On average, wintertime SWE exhibits normal gains during north-coast AR storms and above-normal gains during the south-coast AR storms. The north-coast sites are mostly lower in altitude, where warmer-than-normal conditions more frequently yield rain. During those events when heavy rain from a warm AR storm falls on a preexisting snowpack, flooding is more likely to occur.

scholarly journals Sediment Characteristics and Intertidal Beach Slopes along the Jiangsu Coast, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Yu Kuai ◽  
Jianfeng Tao ◽  
Zaiyang Zhou ◽  
Stefan Aarninkhof ◽  
Zheng Bing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Tidal Flats ◽  
South Coast ◽  
Tidal Range ◽  
North Coast ◽  
Sediment Characteristics ◽  
The South ◽  
Jiangsu Coast ◽  
The North ◽  
Sand Ridges ◽  
Radial Sand Ridges

Tidal flats play an important role in promoting coastal biodiversity, defense against flooding, land reclamation and recreation. Many coastal tidal flats, especially the tide-dominant ones, are muddy. However, the number of studies on the profile shape and surficial sediment distribution of muddy tidal flats is small compared to sandy beaches. Based on high spatial-resolution measurements along the tide-dominant Jiangsu Coast, China, we analyzed the morphology and sediment characteristics of the unvegetated intertidal flats along the Jiangsu Coast. The Jiangsu Coast can be divided into an eroding northern part (north coast) and an accreting southern part (south coast). The beach slope of the north coast shows a southward flattening trend, apart from some outliers related to rocky parts of the coastline. We found alternating very fine and coarse sediment (depending on the local clay content) for different locations along the north coast, which can be explained from consolidation and armoring-induced erosion resistance. In the south coast, we found gradual coarsening of bed surface sediment and gradual flattening of beach slopes to the south. This seemingly unexpected pattern is explained by the flood-dominant current causing landward sediment transport, larger tidal range in the south part, sheltering effect of the Radial Sand Ridges, and contribution of different sediment sources, viz. the Abandoned Yellow River Delta and the Radial Sand Ridges. In the cross-shore direction, the sediment grain size decreases landward. Waves are only of secondary importance for the sediment dynamics at the unvegetated tidal flats along the Jiangsu Coast.

scholarly journals Observations upon the marine barometer, made during the examina­tion of the coasts of New Holland and New Wales, in the Years 1801, 1802, and 1803. By Matthew Flinders, Esq. Com­mander of His Majesty’s Ship Investigator . In a letter to the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, K. B. P. R. S. &c. &c. &c

1832 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 230-232
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
South Side ◽  
The North ◽  
North Side ◽  
Northern Half ◽  
Southern Half ◽  
The Right

The chief circumstance that induced Capt. Flinders to think his observations Upon the marine barometer were worthy of attention, was the coincidence that took place between the rising and falling of the mercury, and the setting in of winds that blew from the sea and from off the land, to which there seemed to be at least as much reference as to the strength of the wind or the state of the atmosphere. Our author’s examination of the coasts of New Holland and the other parts of the Terra Australis, began at Cape Leuwen, and con­tinued eastward along the south coast. His observations, which, on account of their length, we must pass over, show, that a change of wind from the northern half of the compass to any point in the southern half, caused the mercury to rise; and that a contrary change caused it to fall. Also, that the mercury stood considerably higher When the wind came from the south side of east and west, than when, in similar weather, it came from the north side.

Contribution a l'etude vulcanologique et morphologique de l'Islande sud-ouest

1953 ◽  
Vol S6-III (1-3) ◽  
pp. 187-204
Author(s):  
Pierre Bout
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
South Coast ◽  
The South ◽  
The North

Abstract Volcanologic and geomorphic studies in southwestern Iceland show that (1) the basalt breccias of the palagonite deposits exhibit striking analogies with those of Velay (Haute-Loire, France), and similarly seem to be of directly eruptive origin; (2) the fissured domes of certain basalts are the effect of dilatation during cooling; (3) the topography is controlled not only by volcanism but also by four systems of fractures; (4) present eolian action is due to winds from the north and northeast (glaciers) or south and southeast (Atlantic Ocean); (5) dreikanter basalt blocks are now being formed only on the south coast, those in the interior having been formed earlier in times of more extensive glaciation; (6) polygonal soils were formed by shrinkagefollowing pressures developed by winter ice, the size of the polygons depending on whether segmentation was easy (small polygons) or difficult (large polygons).

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