scholarly journals Influência do uso e ocupação do solo na disponibilidade hídrica das bacias dos rios Peruípe, Itanhém e Jucuruçu, Bahia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1175
Author(s):  
Emilly Da Silva Farias ◽  
João Batista Lopes Da Silva ◽  
Luanna Chácara Pires ◽  
Joscélia Monteiro Santos de Brito ◽  
Raquel Viana Quinelato
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Historical Series ◽  
Forest Remnants ◽  
Maximum Flows ◽  
Hydrological Variables ◽  
National Water

O processo de modificação da paisagem através da retirada da vegetação nativa para a implantação de atividade antrópicas acarreta alterações no comportamento hidrológico de uma bacia hidrográfica. Diante disso, este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a influência da alteração do uso e ocupação do solo na disponibilidade hídrica das bacias hidrográficas dos rios Peruípe, Itanhém e Jucuruçu, no período de 1990 a 2018. Para tanto, utilizou-se dados das séries históricas das estações fluviométricas localizadas nas áreas de drenagem das bacias, importadas do portal HidroWeb da Agência Nacional de Águas e Saneamento Básico (ANA). A partir destas, foram obtidas as variáveis hidrológicas anuais: vazão máxima, vazão média e mínima. Já os dados de uso e ocupação do solo foram cedidos pelo Fórum Florestal do Extremo Sul da Bahia e estes passaram por processamento no software QGIS, onde foram obtidas as áreas de cada classe de uso e ocupação do solo. Posteriormente, fez-se a associação dos dados através de análise quantitativa executada no software SAS, onde foram obtidas as correlações simples entre as variáveis. As formas de uso do solo nas bacias hidrográficas estudadas passaram por significativa redução das áreas de vegetação nativa em virtude do crescimento das áreas de atividades antrópicas, principalmente as destinadas a pecuária e silvicultura. A análise de correlação demonstrou que a expansão dessas áreas tem influenciado a diminuição das vazões mínimas. Em contrapartida, apesar da diminuição significativa das áreas de vegetação nativa, os remanescentes florestais continuam atuando na redução das vazões máximas e aumento das vazões mínimas.  Influence of land use and occupation on water availability in the Peruípe, Itanhém and Jucuruçu river basins, BahiaABSTRACTThe process of modifying the landscape through the removal of native vegetation for the implementation of anthropic activities causes changes in the hydrological behavior of a hydrographic basin. In view of this, this study aimed to analyze the influence of changes in land use and occupation on the water availability of the hydrographic basins of the Peruípe, Itanhém and Jucuruçu rivers, from 1990 to 2018. For this purpose, data from the historical series were used. the fluviometric stations belonging to the drainage areas of the basins, imported from the HidroWeb portal of the National Water Agency. From these, the hydrological variables were obtained: maximum flow, average and minimum flow. The data on land use and occupation were provided by the Forest Forum of the Extreme South of Bahia and these were processed in the QGIS software, where the areas of each class of land use and occupation were obtained. Subsequently, the association of the data was made through quantitative analysis performed in the software SAS University Edition, where simple correlations between variables were obtained. The forms of land use and occupation in the hydrographic basins studied underwent a significant reduction in the areas of native vegetation due to the growth of the areas of anthropic activities, mainly those destined for livestock and forestry. The correlation analysis showed that the expansion of these areas has influenced the decrease in minimum flows. On the other hand, despite the significant decrease in the areas of native vegetation, the forest remnants continue to act in reducing maximum flows and increasing minimum flows. Influence of land use and occupation on water availability in the Peruípe, Itanhém and Jucuruçu river basins, Bahia A B S T R A C TThe process of modifying the landscape through the removal of native vegetation for the implementation of anthropic activities causes changes in the hydrological behavior of a hydrographic basin. In view of this, this study aimed to analyze the influence of changes in land use and occupation on the water availability of the hydrographic basins of the Peruípe, Itanhém and Jucuruçu rivers, from 1990 to 2018. For this purpose, data from the historical series were used. the fluviometric stations belonging to the drainage areas of the basins, imported from the HidroWeb portal of the National Water Agency. From these, the hydrological variables were obtained: maximum flow, average and minimum flow. The data on land use and occupation were provided by the Forest Forum of the Extreme South of Bahia and these were processed in the QGIS software, where the areas of each class of land use and occupation were obtained. Subsequently, the association of the data was made through quantitative analysis performed in the software SAS University Edition, where simple correlations between variables were obtained. The forms of land use and occupation in the hydrographic basins studied underwent a significant reduction in the areas of native vegetation due to the growth of the areas of anthropic activities, mainly those destined for livestock and forestry. The correlation analysis showed that the expansion of these areas has influenced the decrease in minimum flows. On the other hand, despite the significant decrease in the areas of native vegetation, the forest remnants continue to act in reducing maximum flows and increasing minimum flows.Keywords: geoprocessing, hydrological behavior, water inertia.

scholarly journals TRENDS IN VARIABILITY OF MAXIMUM WATER FLOW IN SMALL RIVERS BASINS IN ROMANIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreea-Violeta Tudorache ◽  
Andreea Mihalcea ◽  
George-Stelian Tudorache
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Kendall Test ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Small Rivers ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Hydrographic Basin ◽  
Maximum Water ◽  
Maximum Flows

The present paper analyzes the spatial and temporal variability of the maximum flow in small river basins. The maximum flows were also analyzed taking into account the threshold values ​​corresponding to the defense levels. The series of important events, were then statistically analyzed to determine trends (Mann-Kendall test) and variations in the frequency of occurrence, analysis that was applied seasonally and annually. From the analysis performed, the trends regarding the maximum flows for the studied river basins were generally negative (decreasing), statistically significant only for the months of February, March, June, August, December and for the multiannual average, in the case the Casimcea river basin. The highest flow recorded during the operating period of the hydrometric stations analyzed until 2016, was at Râmnicu Vâlcea, in the hydrographic basin of the Olănești river (1969 and 2014), and in the hydrographic basin of the Feernic river (H.S. Simonești) in 2005. The hydrological phenomenon having a very destructive impact, causing significant social-economic damage.

scholarly journals Analyse of the Relief Energy and Land Use, and Coverage of Acôgo Watershed Stream,MS, Brazil

Terr Plural ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Lidiane Perbelin Rodrigues ◽  
Emerson Figueiredo Leite
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Conservation Practices ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Forest Remnants

The Acôgo stream watershed is located in the Miranda Depression. Thus, the basin is located in the transition between the Pantanal Plain and the Maracajú-Campo Grande Plateau, presenting social, cultural, and environmental dynamics typical of the region marked by the existence of large rural properties that carry out extensive livestock. The native vegetation suppression of Brazilian Cerrado for implantation of exotic pastures is facilitated by the flattened relief. This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of land use and coverage correlating it with the geomorphometric dynamics (Relief Energy) of this watershed. The Relief Energy map expresses a mathematical measurement of the relief, and originates from the synthesis between the Letters of Interfluvial Amplitude, Altimetric Amplitude and Declivity. Although the basin presents geomorphometric potential for morphodynamic stability, it is unbalanced when climatic, pedological, geological, and anthropic factors are analyzed, and geomorphometric stability proved to be a facilitator of anthropic occupation for the use of pastures. Its implementation led to a sharp deforestation, with only 24.82% of forest remnants left in the basin to 73.76% of pastures. The analysis and environmental planning of the basin should be based on the observance of the various elements involved, seeking to address anthropic and natural issues, aiming to contribute to its dynamic balance. Thus, it is indicated the need to adoption conservation practices of vegetation and improvement of existing pastures, which can meet the needs of economic activity without the continuity of the removal of forest remnants.

Monitoring land use change in the Lake Taupo catchment between 1975, 1990 and 2002 using satellite remote sensing data

2007 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
H. Lilienthal ◽  
A. Brauer ◽  
K. Betteridge ◽  
E. Schnug
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Satellite Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Lake Water Quality ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Slow Decline

Conversion of native vegetation into farmed grassland in the Lake Taupo catchment commenced in the late 1950s. The lake's iconic value is being threatened by the slow decline in lake water quality that has become apparent since the 1970s. Keywords: satellite remote sensing, nitrate leaching, land use change, livestock farming, land management

Tidal Flow: A Fast and Teachable Maximum Flow Algorithm

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 25-41
Author(s):  
Matthew C. FONTAINE
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Tidal Flow ◽  
Maximum Flow ◽  
Efficient Algorithms ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Flow Algorithm ◽  
Maximum Flows

Among the most interesting problems in competitive programming involve maximum flows. However, efficient algorithms for solving these problems are often difficult for students to understand at an intuitive level. One reason for this difficulty may be a lack of suitable metaphors relating these algorithms to concepts that the students already understand. This paper introduces a novel maximum flow algorithm, Tidal Flow, that is designed to be intuitive to undergraduate andpre-university computer science students.

scholarly journals Assessment of national water footprint versus water availability - Case study for Egypt

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 3577-3585
Author(s):  
Mohamed ElFetyany ◽  
Hanan Farag ◽  
Samah H. Abd El Ghany
Keyword(s):  
Water Availability ◽  
Water Footprint ◽  
National Water

scholarly journals Afforestation of Degraded Croplands as a Water-Saving Option in Irrigated Region of the Aral Sea Basin

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1433
Author(s):  
Navneet Kumar ◽  
Asia Khamzina ◽  
Patrick Knöfel ◽  
John P. A. Lamers ◽  
Bernhard Tischbein
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Water Balance Components ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Trade Offs

Climate change is likely to decrease surface water availability in Central Asia, thereby necessitating land use adaptations in irrigated regions. The introduction of trees to marginally productive croplands with shallow groundwater was suggested for irrigation water-saving and improving the land’s productivity. Considering the possible trade-offs with water availability in large-scale afforestation, our study predicted the impacts on water balance components in the lower reaches of the Amudarya River to facilitate afforestation planning using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT). The land-use scenarios used for modeling analysis considered the afforestation of 62% and 100% of marginally productive croplands under average and low irrigation water supply identified from historical land-use maps. The results indicate a dramatic decrease in the examined water balance components in all afforestation scenarios based largely on the reduced irrigation demand of trees compared to the main crops. Specifically, replacing current crops (mostly cotton) with trees on all marginal land (approximately 663 km2) in the study region with an average water availability would save 1037 mln m3 of gross irrigation input within the study region and lower the annual drainage discharge by 504 mln m3. These effects have a considerable potential to support irrigation water management and enhance drainage functions in adapting to future water supply limitations.

scholarly journals Risk Assessment of Future Climate and Land Use/Land Cover Change Impacts on Water Resources

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Nick Martin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Weather Generator ◽  
Future Climate ◽  
Lulc Change

Climate and land use and land cover (LULC) changes will impact watershed-scale water resources. These systemic alterations will have interacting influences on water availability. A probabilistic risk assessment (PRA) framework for water resource impact analysis from future systemic change is described and implemented to examine combined climate and LULC change impacts from 2011–2100 for a study site in west-central Texas. Internally, the PRA framework provides probabilistic simulation of reference and future conditions using weather generator and water balance models in series—one weather generator and water balance model for reference and one of each for future conditions. To quantify future conditions uncertainty, framework results are the magnitude of change in water availability, from the comparison of simulated reference and future conditions, and likelihoods for each change. Inherent advantages of the framework formulation for analyzing future risk are the explicit incorporation of reference conditions to avoid additional scenario-based analysis of reference conditions and climate change emissions scenarios. In the case study application, an increase in impervious area from economic development is the LULC change; it generates a 1.1 times increase in average water availability, relative to future climate trends, from increased runoff and decreased transpiration.

Hydrological regime, water availability and land use/land cover change impact on the water balance in a large agriculture basin in the Southern Brazilian Amazon

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 ◽  
pp. 103224
Author(s):  
Tárcio Rocha Lopes ◽  
Cornélio Alberto Zolin ◽  
Rafael Mingoti ◽  
Laurimar Gonçalves Vendrusculo ◽  
Frederico Terra de Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Water Balance ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Hydrological Regime ◽  
Brazilian Amazon ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Change Impact

scholarly journals Soil macrofauna in a Cerrado/Caatinga ecotone under different crops in Southwestern Piauí State, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djavan Pinheiro Santos ◽  
Thiago Rodrigo Schossler ◽  
Isis Lima dos Santos ◽  
Nathália Batista Melo ◽  
Glenio Guimarães Santos
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Napier Grass ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Soil Macrofauna ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Family Diversity ◽  
Caatinga Vegetation ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to characterize the soil macrofauna under different crop systems and compare them to the macrofauna under the native vegetation of a Cerrado/Caatinga ecotone in southwestern Piauí State, Brazil. The areas studied included areas under sweetsop cultivation (Annona squamosa L.), andropogon grass with three years of use, andropogon grass with six years of use, pivot-irrigated corn, Napier grass, and native vegetation. In each area, soil layers of 0-0.1, 0.1-0.2, and 0.2-0.3m, including the surface litter, were evaluated following the Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Program (TSBF) recommendations. The soil macrofauna from the different land-use systems were identified to the family level, and the mean density of each taxon was calculated for each soil-management type and layer. The structure of the soil macrofauna was negatively altered under the different crops in comparison to the native Cerrado/Caatinga vegetation, with macrofaunal occurrence varying in the different soil layers. A correlation existed between the functional groups and the soil grain-size distribution and moisture. Napier grass cultivation favored greater soil macrofaunal abundance, with a predominance of families belonging to the orders Isoptera and Hymenoptera. Number of soil macrofaunal families under pivot-irrigated corn was more like the number observed with the native vegetation, and corn also had greater family diversity compared to the other crops studied. Therefore, pivot-irrigated corn can reduce the impact of anthropogenic land use on the diversity of soil macrofauna.

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