scholarly journals Análise da Influência Climática Sobre a Produção Agrícola no Semiárido Cearense (Analysis of Climate Influence on Agricultural Production in Semiarid Cearense)

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 643
Author(s):  
Gabriel Silva ◽  
Djane Fonseca Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Local Family ◽  
Semi Arid

Objetivou-se avaliar neste trabalho a influência da variabilidade climática sobre a pluviometria local e, consequentemente sobre a produção agrícola, sobretudo das culturas de milho, feijão e mandioca, responsáveis pelas maiores atuações na renda dos agricultores familiares de Aiuaba (CE). Os resultados das Análises de Ondeletas apontaram ciclos de 5-6 anos (ENOS) para ocorrência de anos chuvosos, consequência da associação de diferentes escalas temporais, enquanto que em anos secos foram observados ciclos entre 4 e 6 anos (ENOS), mostrando que a escala de ENOS influencia em toda série de precipitação. Na falta de associação com as demais escalas temporais ocorreram anos secos. Correlações entre precipitação e todas as variáveis de produção apresentaram-se altas e com significância estatística, manifestando menores correlações apenas entre precipitação e área planta e colhida para a cultura da mandioca, únicas variáveis sem significância estatística. O presente estudo mostrou que as informações geradas para o município são proveitosas para os diversos setores como agrícola e socioeconômico. Notou-se também que a variabilidade climática tem efeitos substanciais na produção da agricultura familiar local.   A B S T R A C T In semi-arid regions such as the county of Aiuaba (CE) the agricultural productivity is more likely to be influenced by edaphoclimatic factors, what beyond of the importance of the producer’s technological level, also influence directly in agriculture. The objective this work was to evaluate the influence of climate variability on the local rainfall and consequently on agricultural production, especially of maize, beans and cassava, account for the greatest performances in the income of farmers of Aiuaba (CE). To reach these objectives were used statistical methods as Correlation and Analysis of Wavelet. The results of the Wavelet analysis pointed cycles of 5-6 years (ENSO) for the occurrence of rainy years, a consequence of several different temporal scales, while in dry years were observed cycles between 4 and 6 years (ENSO), showing that the ENSO scale influence on all series of rainfall. In the absence of association with other timescales occurred dry years. Correlations between rainfall and all production variables were high and with statistical significance, showing only small correlations between rainfall and plant and harvested area for cassava, only variables not statistically significant. This study showed that the information generated for the city are useful for various industries like agriculture and socioeconomic. It was also noted that climate variability has significant effects on the production of local family farmers. Keywords: Climate variability, Family farming, Correlation, Wavelets, ENSO.   

scholarly journals Gender, social capital and adaptive capacity to climate variability

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Omolo ◽  
Paramu L. Mafongoya
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Climate Variability ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Climate Change Vulnerability ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Semi Arid

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between gender and social capital in adapting to climate variability in the arid and semi-arid regions in Turkana in Kenya. Design/methodology/approach This paper undertook literature review of secondary data sources, conducted focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). The statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) was used to analyze data for the quantitative part of the paper. Findings Vulnerability is influenced by age, gender, education and disability. Elderly women are considered to be the most vulnerable to climate variability and change because they are the poorest in the community, followed by elderly men, the disabled, female-headed households, married women, men and, finally, the youth. Less than 30 per cent of women and men in both Katilu and Loima are able to read and write. The cross-tabulation results show that there is a statistical significant relationship between gender, age and education level and climate change vulnerability. This implies that gender, age and education level have a significant effect on climate change vulnerability. Research limitations/implications The research coverage was limited to only two regions in Turkana because of time and economic constraints. Practical implications The lack of attention to gender in the climate change literature has time and again resulted in an oversimplification of women’s and men's experience of climate risks. Improved development assistance, investments and enhanced targeting of the truly vulnerable within pastoral societies demand an acceptance of underdevelopment in arid and semi-arid regions in Kenya because of historical imbalances in investment; the recognition that vulnerability of pastoralists is neither uniform nor universal and the need to consider differences like age, gender and education. Policy-makers should understand that pastoralists in the past have used indigenous knowledge to cope with and adapt to climate change. The current-recurrent and intensity droughts require investment in modern technology, equipping pastoralists with relevant information and skills to make them resilient to climate change and implementing existing and relevant policies for northern Kenya. Social implications This paper draws from several other efforts to show the critical relationships between gender, social capital and climate change. They are tracking adaptation and measuring development framework; ending drought emergencies common programme framework; and feminist evaluation approach. Originality/value This paper is important in identifying the link between gender, social capital and adaptation to climate change.

scholarly journals Declining agricultural production in rapidly urbanizing semi-arid regions: policy tradeoffs and sustainability indicators

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 085005 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Q Dozier ◽  
Mazdak Arabi ◽  
Benjamin C Wostoupal ◽  
Christopher G Goemans ◽  
Yao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Sustainability Indicators ◽  
Semi Arid

Assessing the response of dryland barley yield to climate variability in semi-arid regions, Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 905-917
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kheiri ◽  
Jafar Kambouzia ◽  
Reza Deihimfard ◽  
Saghi M. Moghaddam ◽  
Seyran Anvari
Keyword(s):  
Climate Variability ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Semi Arid

scholarly journals DIAGNÓSTICO DO PROCESSO DE SALINO-SODIFICAÇÃO NO PERÍMETRO IRRIGADO JABIBERI-SE

Irriga ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 448-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antenor De Oliveira Aguiar Netto ◽  
Regina Machado ◽  
Marcos Cabral de Vasconcelos Barreto
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Solidification Process ◽  
Surface Irrigation ◽  
Expected Performance ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Irrigated Perimeter ◽  
Large Farms ◽  
Semi Arid

DIAGNÓSTICO DO PROCESSO DE SALINO-SODIFICAÇÃO NO PERÍMETRO IRRIGADO JABIBERI-SE  Antenor de Oliveira Aguiar Netto; Regina Machado; Marcos Cabral de Vasconcelos BarretoDepartamento de Engenharia Agronômica, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Cidade Universitária “Prof. José Aloísio de Campos”,  São Cristóvão, SE, [email protected]  1 RESUMO A irrigação constitui-se em uma das mais importantes tecnologias para o aumento da produtividade e garantia da produção agrícola, principalmente nas regiões semi-áridas. Assim sendo, o Governo do Estado de Sergipe através de convênios com o Governo Federal implantou, durante a década de oitenta, uma série de perímetros irrigados, objetivando viabilizar a produção das pequenas, médias e grandes propriedades. Entretanto, após alguns anos o Governo do Estado, constatou que os perímetros irrigados não atingiram o desempenho esperado, em decorrência de diversos fatores. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo diagnosticar o processo de salino-sodificação que compromete a sustentabilidade do Perímetro Irrigado Jabiberi, localizado no município de Tobias Barreto. Para tanto foram realizadas análises de documentos, testes e análises das propriedades fisico-hídricas e químicas do solo. Observou-se que a maioria dos lotes estudados apresenta problemas de salinização e compactação do solo comprometendo a capacidade produtiva do lote. UNITERMOS: salinização, Irrigação por sulcos  AGUIAR NETTO, A. de O.; MACHADO, R.; BARRETO, M. C. de V. EVALUATION OF THE SALINE SOLIDIFICATION PROCESS IN THE IRRIGATED PERIOD OF JABIREBI, SE  2 ABSTRACT Irrigation constitutes one of the most important technologies to increase productivity and guarantee agricultural production mainly in semi-arid regions. Thus, the Sergipe State Government in cooperation with the Federal Government implanted, during  the 1980s,  a series of irrigated perimeters aiming to improve the production of small, medium and large farms. However, after some years, the State Government realized that the irrigated perimeters did not achieve the expected performance because of several factors. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the saline solidification process jeopardized the irrigated perimeter sustainability of Jabiberi in Tobias Barreto city, SE. Therefore, documental analyses, tests and analyses of chemical and physical-hydro soil properties were carried out. . It was observed that most of the studied land lots presented problems of sanilization and soil compactation that compromised the production capacity.KEYWORDS: saline-solidification, Surface irrigation.

scholarly journals Facing food security and climate change adaptation in semi-arid regions: lessons from the Brazilian Food Acquisition Program

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Patrícia Mesquita ◽  
Carolina Milhorance
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Food Acquisition ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Institutional Actors ◽  
Semi Arid

Family farmers of semi-arid regions are especially vulnerable to climate change, due to the reliance on rain-fed production systems and the limited capacity to cope and adapt to impacts. The Brazilian Food Acquisition Program (PAA), as an example of a food procurement program that also functions as a food-based safety net for vulnerable populations, is analysed in a context of extreme drought in the Cariri region (Ceará state, Brazil).  Limitations that prevent the full range of potential PAA benefits are examined as perceived by institutional actors involved with the program, while measures to foster the full potential positive impacts on beneficiaries are discussed. Findings indicate that more consideration of the importance of governance and institutional factors on functioning of food acquisition programs, as well as the importance of the role of climate change on this equation, are essential for program sustainability, especially in a scenario of climate change.   

scholarly journals Uso de técnicas alternativas para captação, infiltração e reuso de águas: estudo de caso em Cajazeiras (PB)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (40) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Luanda Maria Sousa da Silva ◽  
Nataely Pereira da Silva ◽  
Tássia Dos Anjos Tenório de Melo ◽  
Katharine Taveira de Brito Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Implantation Techniques ◽  
Alternative Techniques ◽  
The City ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Do So ◽  
Semiarid Conditions

In recent years the reservoirs of several northeastern states have collapsed, resulting in water rationing and even the state of emergency decree. Even so, some buildings which have already been consolidated in the urban area do not use any form of rainwater for storage or subsequent reuse. Thus, this study proposes the use of alternative techniques for the storage and reuse of water in a building which has already been consolidated in the urban area of semi-arid regions, based upon the perception that certain functions of the compensatory techniques can be applied to areas with high rainfall indices, as well as opposite zones. In order to do so, we carried out a study on the natural aspects of the city and identified sites that enabled the installation of alternative techniques selected by TecAlt 1.0 software, a program used to assist decision making in storm water management. Regarding suggestions for implantation techniques,The results were positive, even for the semiarid conditions, which is the case of the study place . Researchers may carry out future studies on the topic with the purpose of assessing and budgeting the suggested techniques.

Can credit help small family farming? Evidence from Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 212-230
Author(s):  
Alexandre Gori Maia ◽  
Gabriela dos Santos Eusébio ◽  
Rodrigo Lanna Franco da Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rural Credit ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Small Family ◽  
Credit Program ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of a Brazilian rural credit program, The National Program for Strengthening Family Farming (PRONAF), on small family farming production. Design/methodology/approach The method is based on a quasi-experimental approach (propensity score matching) applied to 4.1m family farmers in Brazil. Findings Results show that farmers accessing PRONAF tended to be positively selected in terms of several observable characteristics, such as land size and agricultural practices. Moreover, PRONAF had positive and differentiated impacts on agricultural production. The impact was larger in the poorest region when compared to the regions characterized by intensive and commercial farming. Research limitations/implications The rural credit information was restricted to one crop year, making impossible to analyze the mid- and long-term impacts of the credit program on agricultural production. Practical implications The study provides some practical implications for policies of rural development. First, rural credit does matter for agricultural production of small family farmers. Nonetheless, since credit programs are large subsidized by the rest of the population, further studies are still needed the aggregate costs and benefits of these schemes. Results also revealed that PRONAF may have contributed to reduce regional inequalities, since the impact was larger in the poorest NE region. Originality/value This study provides a comprehensive analysis of how rural credit has impacted small-farm agricultural production, using large and representative data – the whole population of Brazilian family farmers.

scholarly journals Composição florística e faunística de quintais agroflorestais da agricultura familiar no nordeste paraense

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Quaresma ◽  
R. H. C. Almeida ◽  
C. M. Oliveira ◽  
O. R. Kato
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Family Farming ◽  
Land Use Systems ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Technological Level ◽  
Fauna Composition ◽  
Guided Tour

<p class="CorpodoresumoIVCBM"><span>Os quintais agroflorestais são comuns entre os agricultores familiares da Amazônia, sendo sistemas de uso da terra sustentáveis desenvolvidos a partir dos saberes tradicionais. Além de ter como principal finalidade a promoção da segurança alimentar, são espaços de socialização e lazer para os agricultores e, podem contribuir para a composição de sua renda pela venda do excedente da produção. O objetivo desse trabalho foi identificar a diversidade dos quintais, a partir da composição de flora e fauna. A pesquisa estudou 37 quintais agroflorestais em cinco comunidades em Igarapé-Açu e Marapanim, nordeste paraense, usando técnicas de observação direta em campo, aplicação de questionários semiestruturados, notas etnográficas e turnê guiada nos quintais agroflorestais. Foram 107 espécies vegetais identificadas e 12 animais. Estes dados revelam que há uma quantidade maior de espécies comparativamente a outros estudos, o que se pode inferir grande conhecimento tradicional empregado na constituição e diversificação desses sistemas de uso da terra no local de estudo, considerando, o baixo nível tecnológico e força de trabalho familiar empregados. Assim, esses espaços característicos das paisagens rurais dos agricultores familiares do nordeste paraense correspondem elementos fundamentais dos seus agroecossistemas, gerando produção e garantindo a reprodução das famílias.</span></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Floristic and faunal composition homegardens of family farming in northeast Pará</em></strong></p><pre><strong>Abstract: </strong>The homegardens are common among family farmers in the Amazon, and sustainable land use systems developed from traditional knowledge. Besides having as main purpose the promotion of food security, they are spaces for socialization and recreation for farmers and can contribute to the composition of its income from the sale of production surplus. The aim of this study was to identify the diversity of yards from the flora and fauna composition. The research studied 37 homegardens in five communities in Igarapé-Açu and Marapanim, northeast Pará, using direct observation techniques in the field, application of semi-structured questionnaires, ethnographic notes and guided tour in homegardens. Were identified 107 plant species and 12 animals. These data show that there is a greater number of species compared to other studies, which can be inferred large traditional knowledge used in the creation and diversification of these land use systems in the study site, considering the low technological level and family labor employees. Thus, these characteristic spaces of the countryside of family farmers in northeast Pará match key elements of their agricultural ecosystems, generating production and ensuring the reproduction of families.</pre><p class="CorpodoresumoIVCBM"><span><br /></span></p>

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