PENDEKATAN  DATA PANEL METODE COMMON EFFECT TERHADAP FLUKTUASI HARGA DINAMIS JANGKA PANJANG IKAN PELAGIS KECIL (The Panel Data Approaches the Common Effects Method to Long-Term Dynamic Price Fluctuations of Small Pelagic Fish)

Abstract. A group of small pelagic fish captured between 1981 and 2012 within El Niño area 1–2 by the Ecuadorian fleet was correlated with the oceanographic Multivariate ENSO Index (MEI), and the Oceanographic El Niño Index (ONI) referred to El Niño region 3–4. For the period 1981–2012, total landings correlated poorly with the indexes, but during 2000–2012 (cold PDO) they proved to have a 14–29 % association with both indexes; the negative slope of the curves suggested higher landing during cold events (La Niña) and also indicated a tendency to decrease at extreme values ( >  0.5 and < −1.0). Round herring (Etrumeus teres) fourth-quarter (Q4) landings were related to the MEI in a nonlinear analysis by up to 80 %. During moderate or strong La Niña events landings noticeably increased. Bullet tuna (Auxis spp.) catches showed a negative gradient from cold to warm episodes with an R2 of 0.149. For Chilean jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi) irregular landings between 2003 and 2007 were observed and were poorly correlated (R2 < 0.1) with ONI or MEI. Anchovy (Engraulis ringens) captured in Ecuadorian waters since 2000 had an R2 of 0.302 and 0.156 for MEI and ONI, respectively, but showed a higher correlation with the cold Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). South American pilchard (Sardinops sagax) was higher than −0.5 for the ONI and MEI, and landings dramatically decreased; however, Q4 landings correlated with ONI and MEI, with R2 of 0.109 and 0.225, respectively (n = 3). Linear correlation of Q4 indexes against the following year's Q1 landings had a linkage of up to 22 %; this species could therefore be considered a predictor of El Niño. Chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) landings did not have a significant linear correlation with the indexes for 1981–2012 and therefore could not be considered a valid predictor. Chuhueco (Cetengraulis mysticetus) is a local species with high landings during El Niño years and, conversely, remarkably low landings during La Niña years. Additionally, chuhueco availability and landings were negatively affected by cold PDOs. Pacific thread herring (Opisthonema spp.) showed a 24 and 36 % relationship between landings (Q1) and the MEI and ONI (Q4). Therefore, results suggest that the South American pilchard and Pacific thread herring could be considered good species to use as predictors of El Niño in region 1–2 (Ecuador), especially when average Q4 MEI ∕ ONI is used against the next trimester Q1 landing. All species were prone to lower landings and/or fishing availability during strong–extreme events (ONI/MEI, >  1.0 and <  −1.0), and were also shown to be affected by the PDO. In the long term, landings decreased under warm PDO and vice versa, and therefore PDO fluctuations could be used to help manage these fisheries and to help the industry in long-term planning.

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IMPACT OF THE INCREASING CATCHABILITY COEFFICIENT OF THE LARGE PURSE SEINER TO THE DEPLETION OF THE SMALL PELAGIC FISH BIOMASS IN THE JAVA SEA

Indonesian Fisheries Research Journal ◽

10.15578/ifrj.17.1.2011.13-20 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 13

Author(s):

Suherman Banon Atmaja ◽

Duto Nugroho

Keyword(s):

Marine Fish ◽

Historical Data ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Fish Biomass ◽

Small Pelagic Fish ◽

Fish Resources ◽

Java Sea

Understanding the dynamics of marine fish resources and its ecosystems requires long term historical data from a particular fisheries in a certain area.

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The interrelation of age, permeability and viability of subterranean clover seeds

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9690513 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 9 (40) ◽

pp. 513

Author(s):

JA Carpenter

Keyword(s):

Subterranean Clover ◽

Trifolium Subterraneum ◽

The Other ◽

Small Samples ◽

Long Term Storage ◽

Common Effect ◽

Seed Content ◽

The Common ◽

Term Storage

The proportions of impermeable seeds, and the viability of permeable and impermeable seeds were measured in samples of Trifolium subterraneum seed that had been stored in a laboratory for up to 34 years. Viability of permeable seed decreased from 99 per cent after storage for 1 year to 8 per cent after 30 years. On the other hand, all impermeable seeds were viable for 1 to 5 years, and 83 per cent were viable after 30 years. The impermeable seed content of the older seed lots was generally higher than that of the younger ones. This difference was related to the high retention of impermeability of the seeds during storage, and to changes in the severity of threshing methods. The impermeable seed content was also correlated positively but poorly with the viability of both permeable and impermeable seeds, independent of the age of the seed. These associations are probably due to the common effect of the environment on all these variables during seed ripening. A small varietal component in each variable was detected. The implications of these data for the long-term storage of small samples of seed are discussed.

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Drivers of dynamics of small pelagic fish resources: environmental control of long-term changes

Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography ◽

10.1016/j.dsr2.2018.12.005 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 159 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jürgen Alheit ◽

Emanuele Di Lorenzo ◽

Ryan R. Rykaczewski ◽

Svein Sundby

Keyword(s):

Environmental Control ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Small Pelagic Fish ◽

Fish Resources ◽

Long Term Changes

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Firm Size, Market Risk, and Stock Return: Evidence from Indonesian Blue Chip Companies

Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi dan Bisnis ◽

10.24815/jdab.v6i2.13082 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 171-182

Author(s):

Meutia Handayani ◽

Talbani Farlian ◽

Ardian Ardian

Keyword(s):

Panel Data ◽

Firm Size ◽

Stock Return ◽

Investment Decisions ◽

Market Risk ◽

Financial Reports ◽

Common Effect ◽

Effect Model ◽

The Common ◽

Blue Chip

This study examines the influence of firm size and market risk on the stock return of Indonesian high reliable companies. The samples are companies listed on the LQ45 between 2015 and 2017. There are 45 companies have been selected or 196 observations. The data was obtained from the financial reports and analysed by using regression for panel data method, namely the common effect model and the Chow test. The results demonstrate that firm size has an effect on the stocks return, while market risk does not have effect on the stocks return of the blue chip companies. The results of this study are expected to help investors in making proper investment decisions toward bluechip Indonesian companies.

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A prey-related shift in the abundance of small pelagic fish in eastern Tasmania?

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fss069 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 69 (6) ◽

pp. 953-960 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

David J. McLeod ◽

Alistair J. Hobday ◽

Jeremy M. Lyle ◽

Dirk C. Welsford

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Prey Availability ◽

Stomach Contents ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Jack Mackerel ◽

Small Pelagic Fish ◽

Prey Preferences ◽

Ocean Environment ◽

Zooplankton Communities

Abstract McLeod, D. J., Hobday, A. J., Lyle, J. M., and Welsford, D. C. 2012. A prey-related shift in abundance of small pelagic fish in eastern Tasmania? – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 69: 953–960. Shifts in the relative abundance of small pelagic fish species have signalled a change in the ocean environment in a number of locations. Here we show that the replacement of jack mackerel, Trachurus declivis, with redbait, Emmelichthys nitidus, as the dominant small pelagic species from eastern Tasmania, following a period of high fishing pressure on jack mackerel, is consistent with altered zooplankton communities and long-term climate change. Stomach contents analysis and morphology measurements were conducted on both species to determine if they were functionally equivalent with regard to zooplankton prey. Diet varied between species and with fish size. Krill (Nyctiphanes australis) was consumed by both species, with redbait feeding more heavily on small copepods. The diet overlap and morphometric characteristics indicated that these species are not equivalent with regard to prey and therefore changes in prey availability may have contributed to the observed shifts in relative abundance. The continued poleward extension of the East Australian Current is expected to favour small warm-water copepods; thus, redbait may have an advantage over jack mackerel due to prey preferences. An increase in relative abundance of redbait has decreased effort in surface fisheries and may impact on surface-feeding higher predators in this region.

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Climate Change and Small Pelagic Fish

10.1017/cbo9780511596681 ◽

2001 ◽

Cited By ~ 48

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Small Pelagic Fish

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The box-balance model: a new tool to assess fish larval survival, applied to field data on two small pelagic fish

Marine Ecology Progress Series ◽

10.3354/meps13369 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 650 ◽

pp. 289-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

V Raya ◽

J Salat ◽

A Sabatés

Keyword(s):

Field Data ◽

Fish Larvae ◽

Larval Growth ◽

Warming Trend ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Larval Survival ◽

Pelagic Fish ◽

Balance Model ◽

Small Pelagic Fish ◽

Mesoscale Structures

This work develops a new method, the box-balance model (BBM), to assess the role of hydrodynamic structures in the survival of fish larvae. The BBM was applied in the northwest Mediterranean to field data, on 2 small pelagic fish species whose larvae coexist in summer: Engraulis encrasicolus, a dominant species, and Sardinella aurita, which is expanding northwards in relation to sea warming. The BBM allows one to quantify the contribution of circulation, with significant mesoscale activity, to the survival of fish larvae, clearly separating the effect of transport from biological factors. It is based on comparing the larval abundances at age found in local target areas, associated with the mesoscale structures (boxes), to those predicted by the overall mortality rate of the population in the region. The application of the BBM reveals that dispersion/retention by hydrodynamic structures favours the survival of E. encrasicolus larvae. In addition, since larval growth and mortality rates of the species are required parameters for application of the BBM, we present their estimates for S. aurita in the region for the first time. Although growth and mortality rates found for S. aurita are both higher than for E. encrasicolus, their combined effect confers a lower survival to S. aurita larvae. Thus, although the warming trend in the region would contribute to the expansion of the fast-growing species S. aurita, we can confirm that E. encrasicolus is well established, with a better adapted survival strategy.

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