scholarly journals MISCELLANEA ETYMOLOGICA: SLAVICA. II

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (40) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Iliadi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
External Appearance ◽  
Semantic System ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Slavic Languages

The paper deals with the etymological interpretation of Slavonic dialectal words, which earlier did not become visible to other researchers or were not satisfactorily explained in special literature. Observation about the structure of mentioned words has enabled the author to make several conclusions. 1. Some of mentioned Slavic words show archaic features, which reveal Proto-Slavonic age of these lexemes (відь, вíра, вíритися, масéса, чукíрни(й), чумак, чупірдáти, чутíти). 2. Meaning of a few dialectal words keeps relicts of older system of semantic relations, existed in the epoch of Slavic-Iranian language contacts (Transcarp., Boyk. бог, dial. of the Dnieper закон). 3. Ways and prototypes of borrowings from the non-Slavic languages may be and should be clarified by usage new dialectal lexemes in scientific circulation (East Slavic казнá). 4. One of viewed examples shows an interesting peculiarity of Slavic languages lexical-semantic system, to wit, deonymisation of Christians (calendar) names. In so doing semantic range of newly formed apellatives is limited with scope of characteristic of external appearance of a person and its intellectual features (сапетóн).Key words: etymology, word formation, derivative, semantics, Slavic.

scholarly journals German Youth Language: Word-Formation Types of Suffix Nouns and Their Semantic Relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 171-191
Author(s):  
N. V. Shamova ◽  
L. N. Ponomarenko
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Semantic Field ◽  
Large Group ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Formation Type ◽  
Youth Language ◽  
Youth Literature

The article is devoted to the study of word-formation types in modern German youth slang and a description of their systemic paradigmatic relations. The research material was a large group of suffix nouns, presented in the dictionaries of youth slang, as well as on youth literature sites. The suffix nouns formed by the word-formation type “producing basis + suffix” are analyzed in the article. The deep connections of motivating and motivated units are revealed, which reflect the logic of the connections of objects of reality in the linguistic consciousness, and the implementation of these relations in word-formation types is also traced. As a result of the analysis of word-formation meanings in the group of German nouns, which are youth slangisms constructed according to the “base + suffix” model, 4 main word-formation types were identified. The analysis proves that the thematic associations of the same word-formation type are in a variety of paradigmatic relationships, which at the lexical level are manifested in the form of synonymy, hypo- and hyperonymy, antonymy and polysemy. The word-formation types of suffix nouns studied in this work allowed to conclude that the intra-type and inter-type semantic relations are manifested most variably in the lexical-semantic field “Human designation”.

Comparative linguistic analysis of color appendices in Azerbaijan and English languages

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58
Author(s):  
Gültəkin Əzim qızı Salmanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Lexical Semantic

The study of color-expressing adjectives, one of the lexical-semantic groups of adjectives, based on the materials of different systems of languages, is relevant. Therefore, this article is devoted to the comparative-linguistic analysis of adjectives in Azerbaijani and English. It is stated here that when examining the adjectives denoting color, its set of meanings should be considered in full, and the contexts that explain the meaning should be used. Because adjectives that express color play an important role in determining the semantic features of the object and concept that language calls. Key words: lexical-semantic area of the adjective, semantic and stylistic shades, semantic relations, lexical homonyms, hydronyms

scholarly journals A typology of lexical semantic relations between nominal lexemes of Slavic origin with identical roots in Serbian and Bulgarian (a comparative approach)

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-120
Author(s):  
Mariana Aleksic
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Common Noun ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Slavic Languages

This paper discusses the semantic relations between common nouns of Slavic origin in contemporary Serbian and Bulgarian, as well as their phonological and prosodic adaptations and integrations in the respective lexical systems. The emphasis is laid on a wide scope of convergence or divergence in the semantics of formally similar nominal lexemes, ranging from formal-stylistic equivalence to semantic exclusivity. This research presents the methodological procedure for a comparative semantic analysis of common noun lexemes of Slavic origin in genetically related (Slavic) languages.

scholarly journals New Verbal Lexemes of the Word-Formative Family with a Base “Corona” in the German Vocabulary of the Pandemic Period: Structural and Semantic Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-248
Author(s):  
Ludmila А. Yushkova
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
The Internet ◽  
German Language ◽  
Search System ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Google Search

The article considers the structural and semantic peculiarities of German colloquial verbs, which belong to the word formation family with the base “Corona”. The article analyzes the lexemes formed during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic from October 2019 to May 2021. In the course of the study new verbs not listed in the lexicographical sources have been found. The majority of these verbal lexemes are occasional: they are identified by small frequencies and only function within the framework of certain types of text in the Internet discourse (blogs, Twitter, social networks). The author specifies the meaning of some verbs entered in the lexicographical base of the Leibniz-Institute for German Language (OWID.de). The author describes both the formal and the lexical-semantic structures of verbal lexemes, considers their word-forming and lexical-semantic relations that combine the motivating noun “corona” and derived words. The study characterizes the models of building the colloquial verbal lexemes, which are currently productive and highly active in the context of the German “coronavirus discourse”. The study proves that the German vocabulary expanded at the time of Covid-19 pandemic through the suffixal word-forming models and the formation of verbs with prepositional and adverbial particles. The study shows that the models of the formation of verbal units with prepositional and adverbial components are particularly active, while the prefixal models are not active in the formation of verbs with the component “Corona”. The author analyzes examples of the use of the lexemes in context, which are presented in the text corpus of the Google search system, determines the frequency of the verbal units. The article clearly shows the differences in the meaning and functioning of verbal lexemes. The article notes some peculiarities of their lexical compatibility.

Digital Communication and Translation Problems (Based on Bulgarian and Russian Network Texts)

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-240
Author(s):  
Liudmila Karpenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Digital Communication ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Contextual Analysis ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Translation Errors

The problem of equivalence of digital translation in the global Internet network is considered. The subject of the study is the errors of digital translation in texts posted on the Internet in the Facebook network. The method of comparative semantic-contextual analysis is used. As a result of the study of texts translated from Bulgarian into Russian, it was found that communication failures are observed at all language levels: lexical-semantic, word-formation, grammatical and at the level of value-modal assessment of the situation. Translation errors reveal the use of English as an intermediary language in the translation of Slavic texts in network systems. It is concluded that the improvement of digital translation models requires more attention to the lexical-semantic, word-formation and grammatical specifics of the Slavic languages, to their realities and language pictures of the world.

The Demonolexis in Yu. Andrukhovych’s Long Short Story “Recreatsii” (“Recreations”)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 53-60
Author(s):  
Nina Bosak
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The World

The demonolexis in Yu. Andrukhovych’s long short story “Recreatsii” (“Recreations”) has been analyzed in the article. In the course of the research there have been outlined the following lexical-semantic groups of demonomens: toponymic and onomastic names, modified lexemes, names of the rituals, genuine Ukrainian demonomens, obscene words and expressions, demonomens of Biblical origin, names from the world mythology and general demonolexis. The special lexical-semantic group has been formed by non personificated demonomens, which serve to convey the peculiarities of the contemporary Ukrainian writers’ mentality, their habits through speech. Such nomens help to reveal the protagonist’s soul, show the positive and negative sides of his personal ego, demonstrate the duality of the human perception of the world, indicate the causes of phobias, emotions, sensations. Key words: demonolexis, demonomen, lexical-semantic group, non personificated demonomen.

Translation of Business Discourse: Typology of Translation Operations (English, Ukrainian, Chinese)

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (27) ◽  
pp. 116-127
Author(s):  
Valentina Kisil ◽  
Svitlana Yukhymets
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Structural Component ◽  
Chinese Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Main Approach ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Business Discourse ◽  
Translational Studies

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the translation of terminology on the material of the English business discourse into Ukrainian and Chinese. The study represents the main approach to the definitions of such concepts as “business discourse” and “translation operation” in current language- and translational studies; the linguistic features of business discourse are analyzed; the translation operations applied at the lexical-semantic and structural component levels when translating English terms of business discourse into Ukrainian and Chinese are analyzed; the choice of translation operations when translating the terms of English discourse as a method of achieving an adequate translation. Key words: business discourse, translation operation, terminology, a term, the Chinese language.

To Predict or Not to Predict: Influences of Task and Strategy on the Processing of Semantic Relations

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1259-1274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dietmar Roehm ◽  
Ina Bornkessel-Schlesewsky ◽  
Frank Rösler ◽  
Matthias Schlesewsky
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Relatedness ◽  
Presentation Mode ◽  
Judgment Task ◽  
Sentence Context ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Decision Task ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Experimental Environment

We report a series of event-related potential experiments designed to dissociate the functionally distinct processes involved in the comprehension of highly restricted lexical-semantic relations (antonyms). We sought to differentiate between influences of semantic relatedness (which are independent of the experimental setting) and processes related to predictability (which differ as a function of the experimental environment). To this end, we conducted three ERP studies contrasting the processing of antonym relations (black-white) with that of related (black-yellow) and unrelated (black-nice) word pairs. Whereas the lexical-semantic manipulation was kept constant across experiments, the experimental environment and the task demands varied: Experiment 1 presented the word pairs in a sentence context of the form The opposite of X is Y and used a sensicality judgment. Experiment 2 used a word pair presentation mode and a lexical decision task. Experiment 3 also examined word pairs, but with an antonymy judgment task. All three experiments revealed a graded N400 response (unrelated > related > antonyms), thus supporting the assumption that semantic associations are processed automatically. In addition, the experiments revealed that, in highly constrained task environments, the N400 gradation occurs simultaneously with a P300 effect for the antonym condition, thus leading to the superficial impression of an extremely “reduced” N400 for antonym pairs. Comparisons across experiments and participant groups revealed that the P300 effect is not only a function of stimulus constraints (i.e., sentence context) and experimental task, but that it is also crucially influenced by individual processing strategies used to achieve successful task performance.

AZƏRBAYCAN DİLÇİLİYİNDƏ SÖZ YARADICILIĞI

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 (05) ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
Vusala Rafig Gasimova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Word Formation

Key words: word, word formation, semantic method, syntactic method, morfological method, lexical method

scholarly journals Learning Lexical Subspaces in a Distributional Vector Space

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 311-329
Author(s):  
Kushal Arora ◽  
Aishik Chakraborty ◽  
Jackie C. K. Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Vector Space ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Distributional Semantics ◽  
Word Embeddings ◽  
Word Similarity ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Classification Tasks

In this paper, we propose LexSub, a novel approach towards unifying lexical and distributional semantics. We inject knowledge about lexical-semantic relations into distributional word embeddings by defining subspaces of the distributional vector space in which a lexical relation should hold. Our framework can handle symmetric attract and repel relations (e.g., synonymy and antonymy, respectively), as well as asymmetric relations (e.g., hypernymy and meronomy). In a suite of intrinsic benchmarks, we show that our model outperforms previous approaches on relatedness tasks and on hypernymy classification and detection, while being competitive on word similarity tasks. It also outperforms previous systems on extrinsic classification tasks that benefit from exploiting lexical relational cues. We perform a series of analyses to understand the behaviors of our model. 1 Code available at https://github.com/aishikchakraborty/LexSub .

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document