scholarly journals TEACHING LANGUAGES FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES IN THE CONTEXT OF CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Svitlana Vavilina
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Clear Understanding ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Intercultural Communicative Competence ◽  
Teacher Language ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
European Universities ◽  
Individual Support ◽  
Instructional Technique ◽  
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency

The article looks at the prospects of multilingual education in Ukraine. Upon examination of the number of government initiatives, it becomes clear that higher education of Ukraine is open for innovations that will allow Ukrainian students and graduates participate in academic and professional mobility within the European Community. Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) is one of the approaches that have been introduced to meet the needs of rapid internationalization in European universities. Its relevance to teaching languages for specific purposes has been shown by demonstrating the correlation between the main dimensions of this approach and the four components of professional intercultural communicative competence. The main focus is on the methods and techniques that a language teacher should be aware of in order to be able to teach in a language-sensitive way. To achieve this there must be a clear understanding of differences in acquiring basic interpersonal communicative skills and cognitive academic language proficiency. The implications are that the former can be acquired implicitly in the process of active learning, while the latter can be developed only with the use of cognitively demanding tasks. Thus, teacher language awareness requires metacognitive thinking that help teachers plan and teach their lessons efficiently. This research supports the argument that academic skills should be taught by means of scaffolding, an instructional technique of providing individual support that enables learners to build on prior knowledge and internalize new concepts. Therefore, under these conditions, CLIL teachers should certainly opt for explicit instruction and integrate this type of strategies into their classes.

Languages of schooling in European policymaking: present state and future outcomes

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Lorenzo ◽  
Fernando Trujillo
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Language Instruction ◽  
Language Diversity ◽  
Language Policies ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency ◽  
Future Outcomes ◽  
European Language Policies

AbstractEuropean language policies have unfolded under the umbrella of the Council of Europe and the European Commission over the last past decades. The major goal has been so far to handle autochthonous multilingualism and preserve language diversity. Major developments in this area has been followed by new political and educational targets. The first one is the spread of high levels of cognitive academic language proficiency (CALP) across all the student population. High CALP levels imply the acquisition of high order skills triggered by the practice of advanced language structures at school, mostly through language across the curriculum schemes. Secondly, their interests lie in the development of second language instruction competence (SLIC); i.e. the ability to process school content in a variety of languages so that multilingual education does not affect communicative levels only. CALP and SLIC will mark the political goals for language policy in the nearby future and it so happens that languages of schooling provide a framework to operationalize these goals. Following on past research on European multilingual language policies, this paper intends to explore the means to make this language policy happen in schools. The major concepts, innovations and policies discussed will be illustrated with examples from the course of History.

scholarly journals Working With Younger-Arriving ESL Learners in High School English: Never Too Late to Reclaim Potential

2002 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetty Roessingh ◽  
Pat Kover
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Academic Writing ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
High School English ◽  
Academic Language Proficiency ◽  
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency ◽  
Basic Vocabulary ◽  
Esl Learners

Younger-arriving ESL learners often come to high school ill prepared for the demands of English literature courses. Although they may have acquired the phonological and grammatical system of English with relative ease and developed a basic vocabulary, they lack the breadth and depth of vocabulary and the related concepts that are necessary to engage with the abstract nature and cultural embeddedness of literature study. In probing behind this linguistic facade, we have been able to help our students make gains in the development of cognitive academic language proficiency as reflected in standardized achievement measures of academic writing. The acquisition of the cultural capital necessary for success in literature studies, however, is more problematic. New questions arise about student identity and cultural understandings that are central to the success of ESL learners in high school.

scholarly journals Translanguaging: navegando entre lenguas – pedagogical translanguaging for multilingual classrooms

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Mara Fuertes Gutiérrez
Keyword(s):  
Language Teaching ◽  
World Population ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Multilingual Education ◽  
Multilingual Classrooms ◽  
The World ◽  
Linguistic Repertoire ◽  
English Medium Instruction ◽  
Dynamic Views

What is it? Most of the world population speaks two or more languages, which means many classrooms are intrinsically multilingual. In addition, education in more than one language is currently being promoted across the world, and there is an increasing interest in exploring how bilingual speakers are educated, reflecting “the shift from monolingual ideologies in the study of multilingual education to multilingual ideologies and dynamic views of multilingualism” (Cenoz & Gorter, 2020, p. 300). This change in interpreting multilingualism is supported by the emergence of concepts such as translanguaging. Nowadays, the term translanguaging is used in various contexts (for example, bilingual and multilingual education, English-medium instruction, or language teaching, including Content and Language Integrated Learning, or CLIL; see Cenoz & Gorter, 2020, pp. 305-306). Everyday or social translanguaging refers to how multilinguals tactically use their whole linguistic repertoire for communication purposes. Rather than indicating what languages are, translanguaging focuses on what multilingual speakers do with languages, which is to fluidly navigate across them. Therefore, the boundaries between languages become more diffused.

Perceived versus Measured Teaching Effectiveness: Does Teacher Proficiency Matter?

RELC Journal ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-293
Author(s):  
Karim Sadeghi ◽  
Jack C. Richards ◽  
Farah Ghaderi
Keyword(s):  
Classroom Management ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Teaching Effectiveness ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Management Skills ◽  
Teacher Language ◽  
Teacher Proficiency ◽  
Similar Content ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the non-native speaker’s (NNS) language proficiency on their personal teaching performance has often been an issue in TESOL teacher education programmes. To explore this issue a study was conducted to investigate the link between language teachers’ language proficiency and their teaching effectiveness. Classes taught by eight NNS teachers teaching the same or similar content were observed. Teaching effectiveness and teacher language proficiency were measured both through self-ratings and by independent raters. Teachers were compared in terms of such criteria as the quantity and quality of input provided, the amount and accuracy of metalanguage used, the extent and quality of feedback offered as well as classroom management skills. The results suggest that while language proficiency contributes to teaching effectiveness, other aspects of teaching are unrelated to a teacher’s command of their second language (L2).

scholarly journals Making Progress in Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) Lessons: An Indonesian Tertiary Context

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 00111
Author(s):  
Novriani Rabeka Manafe
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Focus Group Interview ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Method Approach

This paper outlines an attempt to discover students’ progress in both content and language skill in a content and language integrated learning (CLIL) lessons at an Indonesia’s higher education context. This is a part of a research conducted at Faculty of Science and Technology of Nusa Cendana University in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This study employs mixed method approach with 20 participants attending by taking pre-test and post-test as well as joining a focus group interview particularly for 6 students. The tests were aimed at measuring the participants’ comprehension of English as the language of CLIL lesson. They were also used as the tool to evaluate students’ mastery of Mathematics as the content subject. Based on the post-test results, the findings showed that more students made significant progress in content subject in comparison to their achievement in language proficiency. Regarding the interview, the students admitted that their failure to made progress in both subjects were mainly caused by their inadequate level of English. This, therefore, led to rising anxiety among the students to complete the tests.

scholarly journals Variability of ESL Learners' Acquisition of Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency: What Can We Learn From Achievement Measures?

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetty Roessingh ◽  
Pat Kover
Keyword(s):  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Academic Language ◽  
First Language ◽  
High Expectations ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Academic Language Proficiency ◽  
Achievement Measures ◽  
First Language Proficiency ◽  
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency ◽  
Esl Learners

With the revamping of the Canada Immigration Act in 1985, the demographic profile of new arrivals to Canada took a marked shift to place a priority on better educated, business-class immigrants. Most of these immigrants are from the Pacific Rim, and they have high expectations for the academic achievement of their children in the Canadian school system. The purpose of this study was to look at age on arrival and first-language proficiency of these children, as these factors interact with instructed ESL support on achievement measures in grade 12. Analysis of the data reveals that although all learners benefit from structured ESL support, it is the younger-arriving ESL learners who have the most to gain, even after many years of little or no support. We note that all ESL learners, regardless of age on arrival, struggle to acquire the cultural and metaphoric competence that is beyond the linguistic threshold required for success, but nevertheless central to successful engagement in a literature-based program of studies.

scholarly journals Challenges in the Implementation of CLIL in Higher Education: From ESP to CLIL in the Tourism Classroom

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 144-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melita Vega ◽  
Maria Moscoso
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cognitive Demand ◽  
English For Specific Purposes ◽  
Integrated Learning ◽  
Language Level ◽  
Group Control ◽  
The University ◽  
Study Participants

Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has often been touted as an effective means of enhancing the language proficiency gains among its learners due to its focus on content over form and higher cognitive demand. However, cautions have been raised regarding the varying conditions and contexts that need to be taken into consideration in order to ensure its effectiveness. This study aimed to analyze the outcome of switching from an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) program to a CLIL program in the fourth and fifth semesters of the School of Tourism at the University of Azuay. Study participants were randomly divided into two groups: a CLIL (experimental) and a non-CLIL group (control), where the former received CLIL instruction and the latter received ESP instruction for an average of five hours per week over a period of two consecutive semesters. The findings revealed no significant increases in language proficiency or differences in achievement between the two groups, thus suggesting that the starting language level of learners influenced the results of the CLIL program.

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