scholarly journals THE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN CONDUCTOR AND CHOIR IN THE PROCESS OF CREATING A MUSICAL WORK OF ART

2017 ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
А. Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Musical Score ◽  
Musical Work ◽  
Hidden Information ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Verbal Message ◽  
To Come

The work of a conductor requires the ability of effective communication in order for a unique musical work to come alive. This communication is not a matter of dictionary definitions but a complex process requiring the ability to encode and decode messages. Starting from reading musical score, which still has a lot of hidden information, through the art of carrying out the thoughtful interpretation of the piece, ending up with the communication between the conductor and the listener via the choir, the artist, including the conductor, can explore the space in which they act, identify it and thus verify and enrich it. Three links may be distinguished in the process of communication between the conductor and the choir: the sender — the conductor who sends a verbal and non-verbal message, the receiver — the ensemble and the code by the means of which the information transfer takes place. What determines effective communication between the conductor and the choir? Undoubtedly, an important if not a crucial role is played by the conductor’s attitude. The communication between the conductor and the choir in the process of creating a musical work depends on the conductor’s abilities, skills and personality, the choir singers’ vocal skills as well as on the regular, relentless work on the conductor’s own and the choir’s development.

scholarly journals Betrayal – Vice or Virtue? An Ethical Perspective on Accuracy in Simultaneous Interpreting

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kilian G. Seeber ◽  
Christian Zelger
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Accurate Interpretation ◽  
Original Message ◽  
To Come

Abstract Simultaneous conference interpreting represents a highly complex linguistic task and a very delicate process of information transfer. Consequently, the notion of truth – which applied to the field of simultaneous interpreting entails an accurate rendition of the original message – is of pivotal importance. In spite of that, an analysis of experimental transcripts and corpora sometimes seems to suggest that interpreters betray the speaker by deliberately altering the original. While we cannot exclude that such instances do exist, we argue that sometimes what looks like betrayal may in fact be a rendition based on a sound ethical decision. In this paper we take a closer look at these situations in an attempt to shed more light on the potential motivations underlying the interpreter’s decisions and actions. Using examples from real life interpreting situations, we take the interpreter’s output and put what at first sight appears to be a betrayal of the speaker on the ethical test bench, both from a deontological and a teleological perspective. Based on this analysis we propose a model suggesting that the interpreter uses three principal message components, verbal, semantic and intentional, in order to come up with an accurate interpretation of the original, which we call “truthful rendition.”

Tracing the Rift: Heidegger, Hölderlin, and “The Origin of the Work of Art”

2019 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 295-307
Author(s):  
Will McNeill ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central Concept ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
The Real ◽  
Philosophical Significance ◽  
To Come ◽  
Central Claim ◽  
Do So

Heidegger’s 1936 essay “The Origin of the Work of Art” is notoriously dense and difficult. In part this is because it appears to come almost from nowhere, given that Heidegger has relatively little to say about art in his earlier work. Yet the essay can only be adequately understood, I would argue, in concert with Heidegger’s essay on Hölderlin from the same year, “Hölderlin and the Essence of Poetizing.” Without the Hölderlin essay, for instance, the central claim of “The Origin of the Work of Art” to the effect that all art is in essence poetizing, Dichtung, can hardly be appreciated in its philosophical significance without the discussions of both essence and poetizing that appear in the Hölderlin essay. This is true of other concepts also. The central concept of the rift (Riß)—the fissure or tear—that appears in “The Origin of the Work of Art” might readily be assumed to be adopted from Albrecht Dürer, whose use of the term Heidegger cites at a key point in the 1936 essay. Here, however, I argue that the real source of the concept for Heidegger is Hölderlin, and that the Riß is, moreover—quite literally—an inscription of originary, ekstatic temporality; that is, of temporality as the “origin” of Being and as the poetic or poetizing essence of art. I do so, first, by briefly considering Heidegger’s references to Dürer in “The Origin of the Work of Art” and other texts from the period, as well as his understanding of the Riß and of the tearing of the Riß in that essay and in its two earlier versions. I then turn to Heidegger’s 1936 Rome lecture “Hölderlin and the Essence of Poetizing,” in order to show the Hölderlinian origins of this concept for Heidegger.

PAPER MONEY, THE NATION, AND THE SUSPENSION OF CASH PAYMENTS IN 1797

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
HIROKI SHIN
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Financial System ◽  
Smooth Transition ◽  
Financial Instability ◽  
Financial Measures ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Paper Money ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
The Social

AbstractThis article considers British society's response to the suspension of cash payments in February 1797. Although this event marked the beginning of the so-called Bank Restriction Period, during which the Bank of England's notes were inconvertible, there have been no detailed studies on the social and political situation surrounding the suspension. This article provides an in-depth examination of the events leading up to and immediately following the suspension. It questions existing accounts of the suspension as a smooth transition into the nationwide use of paper money and describes the complex process that came into play to avert a nationwide financial collapse. The decision to suspend the Bank's cash payments stemmed from deep-rooted financial instability, exacerbated by recurrent invasion scares that heightened after the French attempt on Bantry Bay, Ireland, in December 1796. Under such circumstances, national support for drastic financial measures could not be taken for granted. The article demonstrates that the declaration movement, which was a form of consolidated and visualized trust in the financial system, played a crucial role in the 1797 suspension crisis.

The fusome organizes the microtubule network during oocyte differentiation in Drosophila

Development ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 127 (19) ◽  
pp. 4253-4264 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C. Grieder ◽  
M. de Cuevas ◽  
A.C. Spradling
Keyword(s):  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Meiotic Prophase ◽  
Crucial Role ◽  
Skeletal Structure ◽  
Network Organization ◽  
Microtubule Network ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
Gamma Tubulin ◽  
Oocyte Differentiation

Differentiation of the Drosophila oocyte takes place in a cyst of 16 interconnected germ cells and is dependent on a network of microtubules that becomes polarized as differentiation progresses (polarization). We have investigated how the microtubule network polarizes using a GFP-tubulin construct that allows germ-cell microtubules to be visualized with greater sensitivity than in previous studies. Unexpectedly, microtubules are seen to associate with the fusome, an asymmetric germline-specific organelle, which elaborates as cysts form and undergoes complex changes during cyst polarization. This fusome-microtubule association occurs periodically during late interphases of cyst divisions and then continuously in 16-cell cysts that have entered meiotic prophase. As meiotic cysts move through the germarium, microtubule minus ends progressively focus towards the center of the fusome, as visualized using a NOD-lacZ marker. During this same period, discrete foci rich in gamma tubulin that very probably correspond to migrating cystocyte centrosomes also associate with the fusome, first on the fusome arms and then in its center, subsequently moving into the differentiating oocyte. The fusome is required for this complex process, because microtubule network organization and polarization are disrupted in hts(1) mutant cysts, which lack fusomes. Our results suggest that the fusome, a specialized membrane-skeletal structure, which arises in early germ cells, plays a crucial role in polarizing 16-cell cysts, at least in part by interacting with microtubules and centrosomes.

Significant Compositional Techniques in the Psalms: Evidence for the Use of Number as an Organizing Principle

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 583-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casper Labuschagne
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
Compositional Techniques ◽  
Numerical Techniques ◽  
Work Of Art ◽  
Divine Name

AbstractThis article directs attention to a largely unobserved, and grossly ignored, aspect of the biblical writings in general and of the Psalms in particular: their numerical features. It shall be demonstrated that in composing their texts, the biblical writers used specific numbers as an organizing principle to shape their texts and as a means of imbuing them with symbolic significance. In doing so, they employed a variety of numerical techniques, in which 7 and 11, symbolizing 'fullness' and 'comprehensiveness', play a crucial role as ordering devices. Evidence is adduced to show that the scribes also used the divine name numbers 17 and 26 in various ways to symbolically express God's presence and to give prominence to their texts. Approaching the book of Psalms from this perspective provides us with a new key to unlock and understand the compositional architecture of the psalms and the five books of the Psalter. These claims are substantiated by a discussion of sufficient examples to illustrate that the psalms are interrelated numerical compositions and that the book of Psalms is a sophisticated, meticulously designed work of art, shaped primarily by numerical considerations.

scholarly journals Going the extra mile — cross-border patient handover in a European border region: qualitative study of healthcare professionals’ perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 980-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliëtte A Beuken ◽  
Daniëlle M L Verstegen ◽  
Diana H J M Dolmans ◽  
Laura Van Kersbergen ◽  
Xavier Losfeld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Border Region ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
To Come ◽  
Participant Perspectives ◽  
Patient Handover

BackgroundCross-border healthcare is complex, increasingly frequent and causes potential risks for patient safety. In this context, cross-border handovers or the transfer of patients from one country to another deserves particular attention. Although general handover has been the topic of extensive research, little is known about the challenges of handover across national borders, especially as perceived by stakeholders. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into healthcare professionals’ perspectives on cross-border handover and ways to support this.MethodsWe conducted semistructured interviews with healthcare professionals (physicians, nurses, paramedics and administrative staff) in a European border region to investigate their perspectives on cross-border handover. The interviews were aimed to investigate settings of acute and planned handover. Informed by the theory of planned behaviour (TPB), interviews focused on participant perspectives. We summarised all interviews and inductively identified healthcare professionals’ perspectives. We used elements of the TPB as sensitising concepts.ResultsForty-three healthcare professionals participated. Although respondents had neutral to positive attitudes, they often did not know very well what was expected of them or what influence they could have on improving cross-border handover. Challenges covered five themes: information transfer, language barriers, task division and education, policy and financial structures and cultural differences. To overcome these challenges, we proposed strategies such as providing tools and protocols, discussing and formalising collaboration, and organising opportunities to meet and get to know each other.ConclusionHealthcare professionals involved in cross-border handovers face specific challenges. It is necessary to take measures to come to a shared understanding while paying special attention to the above-mentioned challenges. Meeting in person around meaningful activities (eg, training and case discussions) can facilitate sharing ideas and community building.

Ontology of the Work of Art: The Musical Work; The Picture; The Architectural Work; The Film

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Wojciech Chojna ◽  
Roman Ingarden ◽  
Raymond Meyer ◽  
John T. Goldthwait
Keyword(s):  
Musical Work ◽  
Work Of Art
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