scholarly journals Form and parameters of drip irrigation of soils on slope lands

2020 ◽  
pp. 70-75
Author(s):  
Sergey Mikhailovich Vasilyev ◽  
Viktor Nikolaevich Shkura ◽  
Andrey Sergeevich Shtanko
Keyword(s):  
Material Processing ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Boundary Surface ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Surface Slopes ◽  
Local Moisture ◽  
Local Asymmetric ◽  
Slope Direction

Studies of local moisture contours were carried out on landscape formations with surface slopes of 0, 3, 5, 6, 7, and 9 °, the soil cover of which is represented by medium southern chernozems. As a result of the analysis, the facts of the local asymmetric moisture contours formation on the slope lands with an excess of the boundary surface in the slope direction and along-slope of the contour axis displacement have been found. In the process of experimental material processing the experimental dependences that make it possible to evaluate the influence of the slopes steepness on the contour geometric parameters are established. A generalization of the experimental material and well-known recommendations for determining the local moisture contours parameters made it possible to develop a methodology for predicting the shape of drip moistening  contours in soils formed on slope lands.    

scholarly journals Drop Field Results Irrigation of Tomatoes Conducted by Experiment Section of Guba-Khachmaz Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Adygozalov
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Experimental Site ◽  
Moisture Capacity ◽  
Light Medium

The article reflects the results of experimental research carried out with the aim of studying the water-physical properties of the soils of the experimental site selected for drip irrigation of tomatoes in the Guba-Khachmaz zone. The soil cover of the experimental site in terms of the granulometric composition consists of layer-by-layer alternating light, medium and heavy loams, the volumetric mass of the meter layer of soil is 1.40 g/cm3, the density is 2.69 g/cm3, the porosity is 47.9%, the lowest moisture capacity is 19.65%. The rate of moisture absorption of the soil varies within 6.47–7.74 cm / h and therefore the soil cover of the experimental site is included in the group of soils with average moisture absorption.

Mechanism of Sunlight Damage on Drip Tape by Pendant Droplets in Mulched Drip Irrigation

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 1969-1975
Author(s):  
Yan Mo ◽  
Guangyong Li ◽  
Dan Wang ◽  
Jiandong Wang ◽  
Haidong Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Focal Length ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Light Gathering Power ◽  
Hydrophobic Materials ◽  
Length Range ◽  
Light Gathering ◽  
Clear Plastic

Abstract. Drip irrigation under mulch has been applied in China for nearly 20 years, but sunlight damage from the lens effect through droplets beneath clear plastic mulch is always a problem that cannot be ignored. Droplet volume and mulch wettability affect the geometric parameters of the pendant droplets. Changes in geometric parameters were experimentally investigated by analyzing side-view images of droplets. Models were built to predict droplet focal length and light-gathering power based on the geometric parameters. A comparison between numerical and optical experimental results suggested that the focal length model was accurate and reliable. The effective incident area of the parallel light proposed in this study could also be used to represent the light-gathering power, which had a relationship with the drip tape burning rate. The increase in wettability of the clear mulch considerably increased the focal length of the pendant droplets, expanded the focal length range, enhanced the light-gathering power, and thus increased the risk of drip tape burning. In practice, pendant droplets with a wetting radius of 3 to 5 mm, with corresponding focal lengths of 5 to 12 mm, have a high probability of emergence. Therefore, the distance between the mulch and drip tape should be beyond this focal length range to reduce the risk of drip tape burning by pendant droplets. In addition, filming the mulch surface with hydrophobic materials to increase the contact angles of droplets can also protect the drip tape from sunlight damage. Keywords: Drip irrigation under mulch, Drip tape burning, Effective incident area of parallel light, Focal length, Pendant droplet.

scholarly journals Influence of organic mulching on drip irrigation management of cabbage cultivation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andressa Scholz Berça ◽  
Thais Grandizoli Mendonça ◽  
Claudinei Fonseca Souza
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Soil Water Storage ◽  
Sugarcane Straw ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Irrigation has been pointed out in recent decades as the major consumer of water. Considering the need for a rational use of water resources and the importance of mulching for planting, this study evaluated the effect of organic mulching (sugarcane straw) under soil water storage for cabbage crop development. This research was conducted at CCA/UFSCar, and the experimental design was a completely randomized design with four replications and two treatments with and without sugarcane straw. Water application was performed by a drip irrigation system and irrigation management was determined from data collected by TDR. The use of organic mulching did not interfere with cabbage productivity under greenhouse conditions. The straw presents efficiency for reduction of soil evaporation and, consequently, increases water-use efficiency. The soil cover made it possible to save up to 28.1 mm (14.5%) of the water depth.

Lectin-Induced RBC Agglutination: Chemical vs. Cryofixation

1980 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 664-665
Author(s):  
Dean A. Handley ◽  
Lanping A. Sung ◽  
Shu Chien
Keyword(s):  
Lectin Binding ◽  
Freeze Substitution ◽  
Electrostatic Charge ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Cell Surfaces ◽  
Minimal Cell ◽  
Membrane Stiffness ◽  
Cell Contour

RBC agglutination by lectins represents an interactive balance between the attractive (bridging) force due to lectin binding on cell surfaces and disaggregating forces, such as membrane stiffness and electrostatic charge repulsion (1). During agglutination, critical geometric parameters of cell contour and intercellular distance reflect the magnitude of these interactive forces and the size of the bridging macromolecule (2). Valid ultrastructural measurements of these geometric parameters from agglutinated RBC's require preservation with minimal cell distortion. As chemical fixation may adversely influence RBC geometric properties (3), we used chemical fixation and cryofixation (rapid freezing followed by freeze-substitution) as a comparative approach to examine these parameters from RBC agglutinated with Ulex I lectin.

Evaluation of the accuracy of reconstruction of the electrophysical and geometric parameters of multilayer dielectric coatings by the multi-frequency radio wave method of a slow surface electromagnetic waves

2020 ◽  
pp. 51-58
Author(s):  
Aleksandr I. Kazmin ◽  
Pavel A. Fedjunin
Keyword(s):  
Radio Wave ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Geometric Parameters ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Wave Method ◽  
Dielectric Coatings ◽  
Surface Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Multilayer Dielectric

One of the most important diagnostic problems multilayer dielectric materials and coatings is the development of methods for quantitative interpretation of the checkout results their electrophysical and geometric parameters. The results of a study of the potential informativeness of the multi-frequency radio wave method of surface electromagnetic waves during reconstruction of the electrophysical and geometric parameters of multilayer dielectric coatings are presented. The simulation model is presented that makes it possible to evaluate of the accuracy of reconstruction of the electrophysical and geometric parameters of multilayer dielectric coatings. The model takes into account the values of the electrophysical and geometric parameters of the coating, the noise level in the measurement data and the measurement bandwidth. The results of simulation and experimental investigations of reconstruction of the structure of relative permittivitties and thicknesses of single-layer and double-layer dielectric coatings with different thicknesses, with different values of the standard deviation (RMS) of the noise level in the measured attenuation coefficients of the surface slow electromagnetic wave are presented. Coatings based on the following materials were investigated: polymethyl methacrylate, F-4D PTFE, RO3010. The accuracy of reconstruction of the electrophysical parameters of the layers decreases with an increase in the number of evaluated parameters and an increase in the noise level. The accuracy of the estimates of the electrophysical parameters of the layers also decreases with a decrease in their relative permittivity and thickness. The results of experimental studies confirm the adequacy of the developed simulation model. The presented model allows for a specific measuring complex that implements the multi-frequency radio wave method of surface electromagnetic waves, to quantify the potential possibilities for the accuracy of reconstruction of the electrophysical and geometric parameters of multilayer dielectric materials and coatings. Experimental investigations and simulation results of a multilayer dielectric coating demonstrated the theoretical capabilities gained relative error permittivity and thickness of the individual layers with relative error not greater than 10 %, with a measurement bandwidth of 1 GHz and RMS of noise level 0,003–0,004.

Identification and Management of Clustered Pellitory (Parietaria praetermissa) in Citrus Groves

EDIS ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (5) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Ramdas Kanissery ◽  
Biwek Gairhe ◽  
Brent Sellers ◽  
Steve Futch
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Spray Pattern ◽  
Citrus Groves ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Florida Citrus ◽  
Heavy Infestation

In Florida, clustered pellitory is becoming a troublesome weed for citrus, especially from the winter through early summer. Inadequate management of this weed can result in its heavy infestation in tree rows and can interrupt the spray pattern of low-volume drip irrigation systems. This new 3-page publication of the UF/IFAS Horticultural Sciences Department will assist Florida citrus growers with proper identification of clustered pellitory and with adoption of adequate and timely strategies to manage this weed in their groves. Written by Ramdas Kanissery, Biwek Gairhe, Brent Sellers, and Steve Futch. https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/hs1341

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