scholarly journals Influence of organic mulching on drip irrigation management of cabbage cultivation

Author(s):  
Andressa Scholz Berça ◽  
Thais Grandizoli Mendonça ◽  
Claudinei Fonseca Souza

Irrigation has been pointed out in recent decades as the major consumer of water. Considering the need for a rational use of water resources and the importance of mulching for planting, this study evaluated the effect of organic mulching (sugarcane straw) under soil water storage for cabbage crop development. This research was conducted at CCA/UFSCar, and the experimental design was a completely randomized design with four replications and two treatments with and without sugarcane straw. Water application was performed by a drip irrigation system and irrigation management was determined from data collected by TDR. The use of organic mulching did not interfere with cabbage productivity under greenhouse conditions. The straw presents efficiency for reduction of soil evaporation and, consequently, increases water-use efficiency. The soil cover made it possible to save up to 28.1 mm (14.5%) of the water depth.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Enceng Sobari

Tomatoes are easily damaged horticultural products, so that further handlings are needed in food production in the industry today. In order to keep availability, there is an increase in tomato fruit volume as raw material. Among them with increasing types and varieties of tomatoes that need to be continuously developed to supply the industry's needs. The research aimed to increase local tomato cherry production in Subang through an engineering strategy of nutrient feeding with a drip irrigation system. Research conducted from April to December 2019 at Cigadung Subang, West Java. The research was conducted using the Completely Randomized Design (CRD) one factor and the Duncan’s test at 7 nutritional dose treatment consists of P1 = dose 5 ml, P2 = dose 7 ml, P3 = dose 10 ml, P4 = dose 15 ml, P5 = dose 20 ml, P6 = dose 25 ml, P7 = Control with 5 repetition. The results concluded that two applications of nutritional doses at 7 and 10 ml could give different responses that increase the diameter and thickness of the fruits.


Author(s):  
Alfredo Junior Paiola Albrecht ◽  
Arthur Arrobas Martins Barroso ◽  
Henrique Fabrício Placido ◽  
André Felipe Moreira Silva ◽  
Leandro Paiola Albrecht ◽  
...  

This study characterized the germination of seeds of Chloris polydactyla (synonymy Chloris elata) and Chloris barbata at varying temperature, luminosity, soil texture and cover. The first experiment WAS conducted in laboratory to determine the temperature and light effects on germination of these species. The experimental design was a 2x7 factorial, where 2 represents the absence/presence of light and 7 temperatures 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 and 45°C. The second experiment was conducted in greenhouse to determine effect of edaphic factors on seedling emergence, in a 3x6 factorial arrangement, consisting of 3 soil textures (sandy, medium and clayey) and 6 sowing depths (0, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 cm). The third experiment was conducted in greenhouse to determine soil cover effects and to evaluate the percentage reduction of dry matter of weeds, where the treatments were mulching with 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1 sugarcane straw. All experiments were conducted in completely randomized design, analyzed separately for each species. No seed was germinated under absence of light. Both species achieved better germination in medium textured soil. It was observed that the emergence of the species was low even without straw. Chloris showed better germination under higher temperatures of 30ºC and 35ºC, although exhibited a drastic decline in the emergence with the increase in soil depth or mulching with sugarcane straw. Greater germination of these weeds occurs in medium textured soils.


2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Júlio Cezar M Baptestini ◽  
Rubens A Oliveira ◽  
Sânzio M Vidigal ◽  
Mário Puiatti ◽  
Paulo Roberto Cecon

ABSTRACT Onion is considered the third most important vegetable in terms of economic value in Brazilian horticulture. The factors of production which most limit the productivity of the species are water and nutrients; so, irrigation and soil fertility control are determinant criteria for crop success. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different water depths and nitrogen doses on the productivity of onion, Aquarius hybrid. Five water depths [(0, 75, 100, 125 and 150% of crop evapotranspiration (ETc)] and five nitrogen doses (0, 120, 180, 240 and 300 kg ha-1, urea form), arranged in a scheme of subdivided plots, in a completely randomized design with four replicates. We used sprinkler irrigation system. Irrigation management and water depths were estimated using Irrigameter. Plants were harvested when more than 60% of them completed the vegetative period. The water depth corresponding to 150% of the crop evapotranspiration provided higher total and commercial onion productivities, applying doses of 226.8 and 229.8 kg ha-1 of nitrogen, respectively.


Irriga ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
VIRGÍLIO JAMIR GONÇALVES MOTA ◽  
Abner José De carvalho ◽  
Flávio Gonçalves Oliveira ◽  
Virgílio Mesquita Gomes ◽  
Flávio Pinto Monção ◽  
...  

DETERMINAÇÃO DO COEFICIENTE DE CULTURA DO CAPIM-MOMBAÇA MANEJADO EM DIFERENTES ESTAÇÕES DO ANO NO SEMIÁRIDO MINEIRO   VIRGÍLIO JAMIR GONÇALVES MOTA¹; ABNER JOSÉ DE CARVALHO2; FLÁVIO GONÇALVES OLIVEIRA3; VIRGÍLIO MESQUITA GOMES4; FLÁVIO PINTO MONÇÃO5 E VIRGÍLIO JAMIR GONÇALVES MOTA FILHO6   1 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 2 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 3 Eng. Agrícola, Doutor, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. ICA/UFMG, campus Montes Claros-MG, Brasil. [email protected] 4 Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 5 Zootecnista, Pós-Doutor, Prof. colaborador do PGZ/DCA/UNIMONTES, Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected] 6 Eng. Agrônomo, Mestre, Prof. DCA/UNIMONTES Campus Janaúba – MG. Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, Janaúba - MG, 39440-000, Brasil. e-mail: [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Objetivou-se avaliar o coeficiente de cultura (kc), a produção de matéria seca (PMS) e a eficiência do uso da água do capim-mombaça (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv Mombaça) manejado em diferentes estações do ano. Foram avaliadas quatro fases de manejo (I, II, III e IV) caracterizadas por alturas para cortes das plantas baseadas na fenologia do capim-mombaça, correspondendo à primeira fase (45 a 56 cm – início da rebrotação) com base na interceptação luminosa de 95%, seguindo delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições. O capim foi manejado sob cortes em lisímetros de drenagem. Os cortes foram efetuados quando o capim atingia 90 cm de altura deixando resíduo de 45 cm. A PMS no verão, outono e inverno/primavera foi de 9.994, 8.261 e 10.705 kg.ha-1, respectivamente. O consumo de água no verão, outono e inverno/primavera foi de 697, 396 e 1711 mm, respectivamente, acarretando eficiência de seu uso de 14,28, 20,88 e 6,26 kg.ha-1.mm-1, respectivamente. O coeficiente de cultura do capim-mombaça variou de 0,79 a 1,25, nos períodos de verão e outono e de 0,62 a 1,06 no inverno/primavera.   Palavras-chave: manejo da irrigação, evapotranspiração da cultura, pasto, estágios de desenvolvimento.     MOTA, V. J. G.; CARVALHO, A. J.; OLIVEIRA, F. G.; GOMES, V. M.; MONÇÃO, F. P.; MOTA FILHO, V. J. G. DETERMINATION OF CULTURE COEFFICIENT OF MOMBASA GRASS MANAGED IN DIFFERENT SEASONS OF THE YEAR IN MINEIRO SEMIARID           2 ABSTRACT   The objective of this study was to evaluate crop coefficient (kc), dry matter yield (PMS) and water use efficiency of mombaça grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv Mombasa) managed at different seasons of the year. Four management phases (I, II, III and IV) characterized by plant heights based on mombaça grass phenology corresponding to the first phase (45 to 56 cm - start of regrowth) based on light interception of 95% were evaluated, following a completely randomized design with five repetitions. The grass was managed under cuts in drainage lysimeters. The cuts were made when the grass reached 90 cm height leaving a residue of 45 cm. The PMS in summer, autumn and winter / spring was 9,994, 8,261 and 10,705 kg.ha-1, respectively. Water consumption in summer, autumn and winter / spring was 697, 396 and 1,711 mm, respectively, resulting in an efficiency of 14.28, 20.88 and 6.26 kg.ha-1.mm-1, respectively. The crop coefficient of mombaça grass ranged from 0.79 to 1.25 in summer and autumn and from 0.62 to 1.06 in winter/spring.   Keywords: irrigation management, crop evapotranspiration, pasture, stages of development.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Slamet Susanto ◽  
Bhayu Hartanti ◽  
Nurul Khumaida

<p>ABSTRACT</p><p><br />The objectives of this research was to study the fruit production and quality of strawberry grown under different irrigation system. The trial was arranged in a completely randomized design. Four irrigation systems were examined: drip irrigation applied daily, drip irrigation applied every 2 days, manual irrigation applied daily and manual irrigation applied every 2 days . The result showed that the treatments gave significant effects on vegetative growth. Plants irrigated daily produced more runn er than those irrigated every 2 days. Plants irrigated manually every 2 days lowered flower production. The drip irrigation applied daily gave the highest response on growth and yield without any difference on fruit quality. The system could be considered for hydroponic <br />strawberry production.</p><p>Key words: strawberry, irrigation, fruit production, fruit quality</p>


2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. V. SILVA ◽  
P. A. MONQUERO ◽  
F. B. SILVA ◽  
N. C. BEVILAQUA ◽  
M. R. MALARDO

ABSTRACT This study aimed to understand the influence of sowing depth and the amount of sugarcane straw on the emergence of weed species Luffa aegyptiaca Miller (Cucurbitaceae); Mucuna aterrima Piper & Tracy (Fabaceae - Leguminosae) and Ricinus communis (Euphorbiaceae). A completely randomized design with a 5 x 4 x 3 factorial layout with four replications was used, at five sowing depths (0, 2, 4, 8 and 10 cm), four different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) and three different evaluation periods (7, 14 and 21 days after sowing). After sowing, different amounts of sugarcane straw (0, 5, 10 and 15 t ha-1) were deposited on soil. Seedling emergence was analyzed at 7, 14 and 21 days after sowing, counting the number of seedlings that had emerged. At the end of the trial, weed height (cm), leaf area (cm2) and shoot dry mass (g) were measured. In relation to emergence ability, studied species presented different responses according to sowing depth and to the amount of sugarcane straw deposited on the soil. For the L.aegyptiacaand M.aterrima, no significant difference was observed in the interaction between depth and sugarcane straw, showing the adaptation of these species to no-burn sugarcane system. For R.communis, seeds placed at 0 cm of sugar cane straw depth were observed to favor the emergence of seedlings.


2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 1187
Author(s):  
Marcelo Rafael Malardo ◽  
Patrícia Andrea Monquero ◽  
Paulo Henrique Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Nagilla Moraes Ribeiro ◽  
Paulo Vinicius da Silva ◽  
...  

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the sowing depth and amount of sugarcane straw on the soil on the emergence of Chloris polydactyla (‘capim-branco’) and Eleusine indica (Indian goosegrass) and to determine the efficacy of herbicides applied pre-emergence in the control of these species under different straw amount and rainfall regime conditions. The experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications. In the first experiment, the effects of six sowing depths (0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, and 10 cm) and six sugarcane straw amounts (0, 1, 2, 4, 8 and 10 t ha -1) were assessed on the emergence of Indian goosegrass and ‘capim-branco’ in a 6 x 6 factorial arrangement. In the second experiment, the efficacy in the control of these species was evaluated for one control without herbicide and five treatments (indaziflam, metribuzin, tebuthiuron, indaziflam + metribuzin, and indaziflam + tebuthiuron) applied pre-emergence over four straw amounts (0, 1, 2, and 4 t ha-1) in a 6 x 4 factorial arrangement. This experiment was evaluated under two rainfall regimes in separate experiments (simulation of 20 mm of rainfall 1 or 10 days after herbicide application). The ‘capim-branco’ showed a marked reduction in emergence beginning at 2 t ha-1 of straw and a 2 cm sowing depth. For the Indian goosegrass, the decline in emergence mainly occurred beginning at 4 t ha-1 of straw and a 4 cm sowing depth. Only some of the Indian goosegrass plants emerged at the greater sowing depths (8 and 10 cm) and straw amounts (8 and 10 t ha-1), whereas no emergence of the ‘capim-branco’ was observed under these conditions. The treatments with sowing at a 1 cm depth and with 0, 1, 2, and 4 t ha-1 of straw provided the highest emergence percentage for the species. Application of the herbicide indaziflam alone was the only ineffective treatment for the control of the weeds regardless of the amount of straw and the water regime used. We concluded that the increase in the sowing depth and the amount of straw significantly reduced the emergence of the species and that the presence of straw and the dry period interfered with the herbicide efficacy.


Author(s):  
Marcelo R. dos Santos ◽  
Sérgio L. R. Donato ◽  
Lilian L. Lourenço ◽  
Tânia S. Silva ◽  
Mauricio A. Coelho Filho

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze different irrigation strategies in two cultivars of the banana crop. The study was conducted in four production cycles of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Platina’ bananas. The applied irrigation depths (ID) were obtained by the model ID = K x LA x ETo, where K is an empirical transpiration constant of 0.20; 0.35; 0.50 and 0.65 for the strategies 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; LA is the leaf area of mother and daughter plants of ‘Prata-Anã’ and ETo is the reference evapotranspiration. The strategy 5 was obtained according to the crop evapotranspiration, ETc = ETo x Kc, where Kc is the crop coefficient. Drip irrigation system was used, with two laterals per plant row and emitters with flow rate of 8 L h-1, spaced at 0.50 m. It was found that ‘Prata-Anã’ is more efficient than ‘BRS Platina’ in terms of water use and the model for irrigation management, ID = 0.35 x LA x ETo, is recommended to optimize water use by ‘Prata-Anã’ and ‘BRS Platina’ bananas, with increase in water use efficiency and maintenance of yield. The same model, with K coefficient equal to 0.50, makes it possible to obtain yield and water use efficiency equal to those obtained with irrigation management based on the ETc.


Agric ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Syahruni Thamrin ◽  
Budiman Budiman ◽  
Baso Darwisah ◽  
Junaedi Junaedi

The condition of cotton planting in South Sulawesi is always constrained in the fulfillment of water. All plant growth stages are not optimal to increase production, so it is necessary to introduce good water management technology, such as through water supply with drip irrigation system. This study aims to analyze the strategy of irrigation management in cotton plants using drip irrigation system. Model of application by designing drip irrigation system and cotton planting on land prepared as demonstration plot. Observations were made in the germination phase and the vegetative phase of the early plants. Based on the result of drip irrigation design, the emitter droplet rate (EDR) was 34.266 mm/hour with an operational time of 4.08 min/day. From the observation of cotton growth, it is known that germination time lasted from 6 to 13 days after planting, the average plant height reached 119.66 cm, with the number of leaves averaging 141.93 pieces and the number of bolls averaging 57.16 boll.


Irriga ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 861-873
Author(s):  
Pedro Idelano de Alencar Felício ◽  
Renato Silvio da Frota Ribeiro ◽  
Alexsandro Oliveira Silva ◽  
José Carlos de Araújo ◽  
Raimundo Nonato Távora Costa

CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS DE CÁPSULAS POROSAS PARA USO NA IRRIGAÇÃO LOCALIZADA     PEDRO IDELANO DE ALENCAR FELÍCIO1; RENATO SÍLVIO DA FROTA RIBEIRO1; ALEXSANDRO OLIVEIRA DA SILVA1; JOSÉ CARLOS DE ARAÚJO1 E RAIMUNDO NONATO TÁVORA COSTA1   1 Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Av. Mr. Hull, s/n, Pici, CEP:60356-001, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brasil. E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]     1 RESUMO   Há diversos usos para as cápsulas porosas na agricultura, contudo, estas devem ser caracterizadas por parâmetros de avaliação como pressão de borbulhamento e condutância hidráulica. O objetivo da pesquisa foi aferir as características físicas de cápsulas porosas para uso na irrigação localizada. Para o sistema de irrigação proposto, utilizaram-se dez cápsulas porosas na execução do ensaio experimental que consistiu em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com três tratamentos, constando de diferentes manejos de irrigação (manejo via clima, via solo e via cápsula porosa) com dez repetições, totalizando 30 unidades experimentais, tendo sido avaliados parâmetros de produção e crescimento da cultura do rabanete. A pressão de borbulhamento média observada foi de 2,34 atm, enquanto a condutância hidráulica apresentou valor médio de 9,27 x 10-6 cm² s-1. Para a cultura em estudo não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos estudados, sendo que a massa fresca da raiz apresentou valores de 7,4 g planta-1 para o manejo via clima e 4,7 g planta-1 para o manejo via cápsula porosa, não sendo estatisticamente diferentes pelo teste de Tukey (p<0,05). O uso de sistema de irrigação por cápsulas porosas apresenta-se como uma alternativa viável para o cultivo de hortaliças em pequenas áreas.   Palavras-chave:  Pressão de borbulhamento, condutância hidráulica, emissor.     FELÍCIO; P. I. A.; RIBEIRO, R. S. F.; SILVA. A. O.; ARAÚJO, J. C.; COSTA, R. N. T. PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF POROUS CAPSULES FOR USE IN  IRRIGATION SYSTEM LOCATED     2 ABSTRACT   There are different uses for porous capsules in agriculture, however they must be characterized by assessment parameters like  bubbling pressure and hydraulic conductance. The objective of this work was to measure physical characteristics of porous capsules for localized irrigation use. For the proposed irrigation system, porous capsules were used in the execution of experimental trial, consisting of a completely randomized design with three treatments, different irrigation managements (climate management, soil management and porous capsule management) with 10 replications, totaling 30 experimental units, the culture chosen was radish, and parameters of production and growth were assessed. The average bubbling pressure found was 2.34 atm, while conductance presented values of 9.27 x 10-6 cm² s-1. For the crop study, differences between the treatments studied by the Tukey test (p <0.05) were not found; fresh root mass presented values of 7.4 g plant-1 for the climate management and 4.7 g plant-1 for management of porous capsule. The use of porous capsule irrigation systems is a viable alternative for growing vegetables in small areas.   Keywords:  Bubbling pressure, hydraulic conductance, emitter.


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