Analisis Pemanfaatan Sampah Plastik dengan Metode Buang, Pisah, dan Untung Menggunakan Sistem Barcode

Sampah yang meningkat tanpa adanya penanganan lebih lanjut akan mengakibatkan permasalahan serius. Penimbunan sampah dapat bertahan dengan waktu yang lama, yang disebabkan oleh lambatnya waktu dekomposisi dari timbunan sampah, khususnya sampah plastik. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui jumlah sampah plastik yang dihasilkan, keuntungan yang dihasilkan dan keberlanjutan dari penerapan metode Buang, Pisah, Untung (Bungpitung) menggunakan sistem barcode. Penelitian mengambil metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data berupa data sekunder harga jual sampah plastik dan data primer timbulan sampah plastik dan wawancara. Penelitian menggunakan analisis metode gabungan (mixed methods) penelitian kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Total timbulan sampah plastik dari semua responden sebesar 136.508 gr dengan rata-rata timbulan sampah plastik 65 gr/orang/hari. Bentuk sampah plastik dominan terbanyak Gelas Bening Sablon (GBS) sebesar 35.526 gr. Bentuk sampah plastik dominan terbanyak dari total seluruh jenis yaitu Botol Bening Biru (BBB) sebesar 40.525 gr. Total keuntungan sampah plastik yang diperoleh dari semua responden sebesar Rp 128.945 dengan rata-rata keuntungan sampah plastik Rp 61,4 /hari. Tingginya nilai timbulan sampah plastik, tingginya nilai keuntungan yang dihasilkan, kontinuitas penerapan metode bungpitung, peningkatan wawasan mengenai pengelolaan sampah plastik, peningkatan perilaku dalam mengelola sampah plastik serta pendapat secara langsung oleh responden mengenai kelayakan metode Bungpitung merupakan bukti metode Bungpitung layak diterapkan pada masyarakat di masa yang akan datang.ABSTRACTIncreased waste without further handling will lead to serious problems. The landfill can last for a long time, which is caused by the slow decomposition time of the landfill, especially plastic waste. This study aims to determine the amount of plastic waste produced, the profits generated from the application of the Dispose, Separate, Profit (Bungpitung) method using a barcode system. The research took the purposive sampling method. Collecting data in the form of secondary data on the selling price of plastic waste and primary data on the generation of plastic waste and interviews. This study uses a combined analysis (mixed methods) of quantitative and qualitative research. The total generation of plastic waste from all respondents is 136,508 grams with an average plastic waste generation of 65 grams/person/day. The dominant form of plastic waste is Screen Printing Clear Plastic Cups (GBS) as much as 35.526 gr. The most common form of plastic waste of all types is Blue Clear Plastic Bottle (BBB) of 40,525 gr. The total profit from plastic waste obtained from all respondents is Rp. 128,945 with an average profit of Rp. 61.4/day for plastic waste. The high value of plastic waste generation, the increase in the value of the profits generated, the continuity of the application of the bungpitung method, increased insight into plastic waste management, increased behavior in managing plastic waste, and direct assessment by respondents about Bungpitung methods suitable for use in the community in the future.

Investigating of Strain Effect on Cleavage Fracture for Reactor Pressure Vessel Material

Failure mechanism of 20MnMoNi55 steel in the lower self of ductile to brittle transition (DBT) region is considered as brittle fracture but it has been observed from the experimental analysis of stress-strain diagram that clear plastic deformation is shown by the material before failure. Therefore, strain correction is implemented in the cleavage fracture model proposed by different researchers in the lower self of the DBT region with the help of finite element analysis. To avoid a huge number of experiments being performed, Monte Carlo simulation is used to generate a huge number of random data at different temperatures in the lower self of the DBT region for calibration of the cleavage parameters with the help of the master curve methodology. Fracture toughness calculated after strain correction through different models are validated with experimental results for the different probability of failures.

RESPONS TANAMAN BUNCIS TIPE TEGAK (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN PUPUK KOMPOS DAN TSP

The research was carried out in the experimental farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Riau Islamic University, Pekanbaru during 6 months from July to December 2017. The study used Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 2 factors. First factor was goat manure, consisting of 5 levels: 0, 5, 10, 15, 20 tons/ha and the second factor was TSP fertilizer, consisting of 4 levels: 0, 100, 175, 250 kg/ha. The materials used were bean seeds of the Balitsa-2 variety, goat manure, TSP fertilizer, Urea, KCl, Furadan 3G, Curacon 500 EC, Fungicide (Antracol), and 1 kg clear plastic. Parameters observed were flowering age, harvest age, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant, pod length, and number of the remaining fruit. The tools used are a hoe, machete, rake, hand sprayer, analytical scale, meter, stationery, and camera. The results of the observations were analyzed statistically, and the further test was significantly different at a significant level of 5%. The results showed that the interaction and main effect of goat manure and TSP had a significant effect on all observated parameters. The best treatment was goat manure with a dose of 5 – 20 tons/ha and TSP at a dose of 100 – 250 kg/ha.

Initial Properties Identification of Refined- and Semi Refined-Carrageenans as Raw Materials for Biodegradable Plastic Production

Powdered refined- and semi-refined carrageenans (RC and SRC) have been characterized as alternative raw materials for industrial bioplastic production. Several basic parameters, i.e., the melting temperature, crystallinity, chemical structure (FTIR), and tensile properties, were observed. The melting temperature of RC was slightly higher than that of SRC, i.e., 176 °C and 172 °C, respectively. These temperatures were corresponded to their crystallinity degree (performed by X-ray diffraction). Nonetheless, the SRC demonstrated an overall higher thermal stability during heating. RC produced a clear transparent film. Meanwhile, SRC was yellowish and less transparent. The overall mechanical properties showed that RC produced more flexible film than SRC. However, both materials showed relatively equal tensile strength. In general, RC and SRC could be potentially used for biodegradable film production with different applications. RC was suitable for a flexible and clear plastic film, whereas SRC was suitable for rigid plastic film applications.

Using noise control principles when evaluating the acoustic impacts of face coverings during the coronavirus pandemic

Several different combinations of face masks and shields are evaluated for their acoustic performance using a head and torso simulator (HATS). The HATS is used as a controlled and repeatable artificial sound source using white noise in a classroom environment. Sound pressure levels at octave band frequencies due to the face coverings are evaluated at a location of 2.0 meters from the HATS which is within the direct field to reduce the room acoustical effects. The problem is modeled as a barrier separating a source and receiver using fundamental noise control principles. Fabric material properties are used such as thickness, density, stiffness, and damping. The results are compared with experimental tests. The face shield with clear plastic barrier produces a resonance in the 1000 Hz octave band. Analytical models of cavity resonances, standing wave resonances, or plate resonances are calculated and compared with the experimental resonance. The speech interference level is used to determine the frequency content that is most likely to cause hearing difficulties and compared with A-weighted differences between the unmasked condition and masked.

Protecting Our Healthcare Workers: University of Ottawa Medical Students Secure Personal Protective Equipment and Medical Supplies during COVID-19 Pandemic

“Our family wishes to make our humanitarian contribution in order to assist in the fight of this COVID-19 pandemic. We want to be a part of the University of Ottawa team. Together we can support each other. The following are the details of what we wish to contribute: 980kg of clear plastic film of 0.11mm thickness. This transparent polyester film is usually used on flatbed printers to make signs and other projects but can be used in the making of face shields. Please, do not hesitate to contact us should you be interested. Our preference is to help our local community and thus we are committed to donating all supplies to your group.” - A donor to our University of Ottawa Medical Students Group for Sourcing PPE and Medical Supplies

Simulation of aerosol and droplet spread during upper airway and gastrointestinal endoscopy

Objective: Aerosols and droplets are the main vectors in transmission of highly contagious SARS-Cov-2. Invasive diagnostic procedures like upper airway and gastrointestinal endoscopy have been declared as aerosol generating procedures. Protection of health care workers is crucial in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: We simulated aerosol and droplet spread during upper airway and gastrointestinal endoscopy with and without physico-mechanical barriers using a simulation model. Results: A clear plastic drape as used for central venous access markedly reduced visualized aerosol and droplet spread during endoscopy. Conclusion: A simple and cheap drape has the potential to reduce aerosol and droplet spread during endoscopy. In terms of health care worker protection, this may be important particularly in low- or moderate-income countries.

The Effect of Plastic Waste Attachment on Branching Coral to Zooxanthellae Abundance in the Kelapa Dua Island Waters, Seribu Islands

HighlightLight intensity from plastic waste was positively correlated with the abundance of zooxanthellae in corals.The abundance of zooxanthellae between sack plastic and clear plastic treatment tended to be the same.The treatment of packaging plastic was treated with the lowest light intensity.The treatment of black plastic was the treatment that produced the lowest abundance of zooxanthellae. AbstractCoral growth in Indonesia was being disrupted due to the continued threat of environmental change, such as littering to the beach. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the attachment of different colored plastic waste to the rate of zooxanthellae abundance on branching corals in Kelapa Dua Island waters. Branching coral colony samples consisted of the genus Acropora and Porites with a total of 15 fragments of coral colonies at the depth of 80-90 cm were tested with a treatment of the attachment plastic wastes (control, clear plastic, plastic sack, plastic packaging, and black plastic) for four days. The zooxanthellae abundance was calculated using the APHA (American Public Health Association) formula. The results of zooxanthellae abundance on the closure treatment of branching coral samples with black plastic and control had the lowest and highest values by 4.25 x 105 cells/cm2 and 1.38 x 106 cells/cm2. The results of the linear regression test showed that there was a significant relationship between plastic waste with low light intensity and a decrease of zooxanthellae abundance in coral colonies with the equation Y of 972.78x + 653402, determination index (R2) of 0.68, and correlation index (r) of 0.83. These results indicated that the attachment of plastic waste to branching coral colonies could be a stressor on coral animals in reducing light intensity, which caused a reduction of zooxanthellae abundance as coral endosymbiont.