AGREEMENT WITH THE HOST GOVERNMENT ON NPP PROJECT

Abstract Globally, there are two types of petroleum fiscal system; the concessionary and the contractual petroleum fiscal system. The main differences between the two types of petroleum fiscal system is the ownership of the resources and some distinct fiscal terms. The contractual petroleum fiscal system specifies a cost recovery option and profit oil split unlike the concessionary petroleum fiscal system that allows the contractor to recoup his capital before payment of tax. This tends to increase the risk associated with the host government revenue as investment in the production of hydrocarbon is filled with uncertainties. There is a need to redesign the concessionary petroleum fiscal to enable it reduce the risk associated with the host government revenue by making the host government to earn revenue early from petroleum investment. This research therefore evaluated a hybrid petroleum fiscal system for investment in the exploration and production of hydrocarbon. The concessionary petroleum fiscal system was adjusted to include a cost recovery option. Petroleum economic model for investment in a typical onshore oil field was built using spreadsheet modelling technique with the fiscal terms in the hybrid petroleum fiscal system embedded in it. The cost recovery option and oil price in the model were varied between 0-100% and $20-$100 per barrel. The NCF, IRR and payout period of the investment were determined. It was observed that the lower the cost recovery option, the higher the host government revenue. From the profitability analysis of the investment in the hybrid petroleum fiscal system, it was observed that when the price of oil was $100/bbl, the NCF of the host government was $9146 and $8426.3 for 0% and 80% cost recovery option. The lower the cost recovery option, the higher the payout period and the lower the internal rate of return. Though lower cost recovery increased the host government revenue more but it may make the hybrid petroleum fiscal system unattractive for investment in periods of low oil price. Hence a higher cost recovery option was recommended for the use of this type of petroleum fiscal system.

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Visual Portraits of Za‘atari Syrian Refugee Camp

Review of Middle East Studies ◽

10.1017/rms.2017.108 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (2) ◽

pp. 249-252

Author(s):

Thomas B. Stevenson

Keyword(s):

Civil War ◽

United Nations ◽

Refugee Camp ◽

News Reports ◽

Syrian Refugee ◽

Syrian Civil War ◽

The Mediterranean ◽

The United Nations ◽

Host Government

The Syrian Civil War, now in its sixth year, has displaced an estimated 11 million people (with numbers constantly escalating), nearly half the country's population. Of these, the United Nations estimates 4.8 million Syrians have fled their homeland. News reports have tended to focus on the struggles of those crossing the Mediterranean and seeking asylum in Europe, but most refugees have sought safety in the neighboring countries of Turkey, Lebanon, and Jordan, where they have dispersed and “settled” in towns and cities. A comparative few have settled in host government and/or UNHCR sponsored camps. Jordan's Za‘atari Camp, just seven miles from the border, is the largest Syrian refugee camp. Its population peaked at more than 120,000 residents and currently has between 75,000 – 80,000 residents most of whom are from the Dara'a area. The camp is numerically equivalent to Jordan's fourth largest city.

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The Democratic Republic of Congo

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198753841.013.39 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Arthur J. Boutellis

Keyword(s):

Democratic Republic ◽

Democratic Republic Of Congo ◽

Responsibility To Protect ◽

Republic Of Congo ◽

Un Peacekeeping ◽

Primary Responsibility ◽

Host Government ◽

Intensive Approach ◽

Peacekeeping Missions ◽

To Receive

Authorized in the wake of the Srebrenica massacre and Rwandan genocide, the United Nations peacekeeping mission in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) was the first of two UN peacekeeping missions to receive an explicit protection of civilians (POC) mandate in 2000. This chapter discusses the challenges the UN mission faced in implementing this POC mandate over 15 years of existence. It analyses how lessons from early protection crises led the mission to develop a series of innovative tools for a better peacekeeping response, up to the establishment of the Force Intervention Brigade (FIB) in 2013. This chapter concludes with some lessons including the need for a shift from a largely UN-centric and troop-intensive approach to physical protection to a greater focus on strengthening national protection capacities as part of a broader political/stabilization strategy, which encourages and empowers the host government to shoulder its primary responsibility to protect its citizens.

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The Politics of Oil in Indonesia: Foreign Company—Host Government Relations. By Khong Cho Oon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986. x, 253 pp.

The Journal of Asian Studies ◽

10.2307/2056249 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 47 (2) ◽

pp. 429-431

Author(s):

Dwight Y. King

Keyword(s):

Foreign Company ◽

Cambridge University ◽

Government Relations ◽

Host Government

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Navigating Digital Borderscapes: A Case Study from Rohingya Refugee Settlements in Bangladesh

Asiascape Digital Asia ◽

10.1163/22142312-bja10018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 190-210

Author(s):

Faheem Hussain ◽

Yenn Lee

Keyword(s):

Lived Experiences ◽

Community Leaders ◽

Digital Rights ◽

Digital Devices ◽

Refugee Community ◽

Hybrid Solutions ◽

Different Types ◽

Host Government

Abstract Based on a case study of the lived experiences of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh between 2017 and 2019, this article focuses on displaced people’s digital needs and innovative efforts to navigate the challenges in their situation. The article first discusses the major barriers faced by Rohingya refugees in using various digital devices and platforms and how these obstacles adversely affect them in obtaining necessary information and humanitarian services. Our findings from the field highlight the uniquely important role that mobile repair shops in the camps play in providing online-offline hybrid solutions to circumvent restrictions imposed on the refugee community by the host government. The findings also show that different types of community leaders have emerged and that Rohingya women use digital means to push back against double discrimination. The article concludes with policy considerations related to the geopolitically transcendent issues of displacement, democracy, and digital rights.

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Abandonment Best Practices in Unitised Area for Wells and Facilities Straddling Two Countries in Malay Basin: A Case Study

10.2118/208467-ms ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kumar Nathan ◽

M Arif Iskandar Ghazali ◽

M Zahin Abdul Razak ◽

Ismanto Marsidi ◽

Jamari M Shah

Keyword(s):

Oil And Gas ◽

Late Life ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Successful Outcome ◽

Maintenance Cost ◽

Gas Field ◽

Field Development ◽

Host Government ◽

Cycle Oil

Abstract Abandonment is considered to be the last stage in the oil gas field cycle. Oil and gas industries around the world are bounded by the necessity of creating an abandonment program which is technically sound, complied to the stringent HSE requirement and to be cost-effective. Abandonment strategies were always planned as early as during the field development plan. When there are no remaining opportunities left or no commercially viable hydrocarbon is present, the field need to be abandoned to save operating and maintenance cost. The cost associated on abandonment can often be paid to the host government periodically and can be cost recoverable once the field is ready to be abandoned. In Malaysia, some of the oil producing fields are now in the late life of production thus abandonment strategies are being studied comprehensively. The interest of this paper is to share the case study of one of a field that is in its late life of production and has wells and facilities that planned to be abandon soon. The abandonment in this field is challenging because it involves two countries, as this field is in the hydrocarbon structure that straddling two countries. Series of techno-commercial discussion were held between operators of these two countries to gain an integrated understanding of the opportunity, defining a successful outcome of the opportunity and creating an aligned plan to achieve successful abandonment campaign. Thus, this paper will discuss on technical aspects of creating a caprock model, the execution strategies of abandoning the wells and facilities and economic analysis to study whether a joint campaign between the operators from two countries yields significantly lower costs or otherwise.

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Oil Company — Host Government Relations

Oil & Gas Databook for Developing Countries ◽

10.1007/978-94-009-4968-3_5 ◽

1985 ◽

pp. 64-71

Author(s):

Derek Fee

Keyword(s):

Government Relations ◽

Host Government ◽

Oil Company

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Democratic Potentials of UN Climate Change Conference Host Government Websites

Web Design and Development ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-8619-9.ch070 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 1544-1570

Author(s):

Catherine Candano

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

United Nations ◽

Host Country ◽

Policy Making ◽

Policy Issues ◽

Global Policy ◽

Global Issue ◽

Government Websites ◽

Host Government

E-government discourse implicates state-produced Websites to enable opportunities and citizen spaces on policy issues, subject to demands to be inclusive, engaging, and free from commercial interests. Policy-making for a global issue like climate change takes place at the inter-governmental United Nations Climate Change Conference (UNCCC). It becomes critical to examine if and how the governments hosting this restrictive global policy-making space may engage citizens through their online presence—host country conference outreach Websites. The chapter explores relational underpinnings between states and citizens in such Websites by examining the values privileged by designers using mixed methods. Among UNCCC Websites from 2007 to 2009, the Danish government Website's enhanced features may have contributed to potential inclusivity for the inter-governmental process online compared to previous government's efforts. However, findings have shown such interactive Website's inherent design aspects may potentially shape the manner that climate conversations are limited in an assumed democratized space online.

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