Sustainable Cooling with Hybrid Concentrated Photovoltaic Thermal (CPVT) System and Hydrogen Energy Storage

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Burhan ◽  
Muhammad Wakil Shahzad ◽  
Kim Choon Ng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Concentration Ratio ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Hydrogen Energy ◽  
Adsorption Chiller ◽  
Back Plate

Standalone power systems have vital importance as energy source for remote area. On the other hand, a significant portion of such power production is used for cooling purposes. In this scenario, renewable energy sources provide sustainable solution, especially solar energy due to its global availability. Concentrated photovoltaic (CPV) system provides highest efficiency photovoltaic technology, which can operate at x1000 concentration ratio. However, such high concentration ratio requires heat dissipation from the cell area to maintain optimum temperature. This paper discusses the size optimization algorithm of sustainable cooling system using CPVT. Based upon the CPV which is operating at x1000 concentration with back plate liquid cooling, the CPVT system size is optimized to drive a hybrid mechanical vapor compression (MVC) chiller and adsorption chiller, by utilizing both electricity and heat obtained from the solar system. The electrolysis based hydrogen is used as primary energy storage system along with the hot water storage tanks. The micro genetic algorithm (micro-GA) based optimization algorithm is developed to find the optimum size of each component of CPVT-Cooling system with uninterrupted power supply and minimum cost, according to the developed operational strategy. The hybrid system is operated with solar energy system efficiency of 71%.

scholarly journals Experimental studies on the hybrid system of heat and cold production from solar energy

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (6 Part B) ◽  
pp. 2827-2835
Author(s):  
Stanislaw Gil ◽  
Boguslaw Gradon ◽  
Wojciech Bialik
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Temperate Climate ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
The Impact

In recent years more and more energy is consumed in the European Union countries for summer air conditioning in buildings. This consumption will probably increase even more due to the predicted climate warming and the desire to improve the quality of life. At present final energy as heat and electricity is sourced mainly from fossil fuels. However, recently alternative renewable energy sources are increasingly taken into account as a result of efforts toward environmental protection and fuels savings. This paper presents results of the analysis of a hybrid solar-assisted heating and cooling system for buildings in the temperate climate of west and central Europe. Solar energy potential was estimated. The investigation was performed using a large scale laboratory installation, which contains an evacuated solar collector, a single-stage NH3-H2O absorption chiller and a hot water tank. The impact of the main system parameters on its performance was analyzed on the basis of energy balances.

USE OF PHOTOELECTRIC MODULES WITH DOUBLE-SIDED RECEIVING SURFACE FOR SMALL GENERATION UNITS

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
V. V. Kuvshinov ◽  
E. A. Bekirov ◽  
E. V. Guseva
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Systems ◽  
Energy Storage Systems

In the presented work, the possibility of using photovoltaic silicon panels with a double-sided arrangement of solar cells on the front and back sides is presented. With a lack of space for placing solar panels, these types of modules can significantly increase the generation of electrical energy. Equipping photovoltaic systems with rechargeable batteries contributes to a more rational consumption of electrical energy, while energy storage systems significantly increase the efficiency of solar generating systems. The proposed designs are intended to increase the power characteristics of solar energy converters in the winter months, in the presence of snow or when using reflective surfaces on road surfaces. The results of the experimental studies have shown a significant efficiency of the proposed designs, as well as an increase in the total generation of electrical energy. With the development of the global technical potential and a significant increase in the production of power plants for solar energy, a new opportunity has emerged to use combined solar plants for photovoltaic conversion of the flux of incident solar radiation. At the Department of Renewable Energy Sources and Electrical Systems and Networks at Sevastopol State University, at the site of the Institute of Nuclear Energy and Industry, a photovoltaic installation was developed and studied, consisting of two side silicon solar cells and energy storage systems. The article presents the results of experimental and theoretical studies, presents diagrams, drawings and graphs of various characteristics of the FSM-110D photovoltaic panel and storage batteries. The research results show the increased efficiency of the proposed installation, as well as a good possibility of using the presented photovoltaic systems to provide them with autonomous and individual consumers living in the Crimean region and the city of Sevastopol.

Analysis of an Adsorption Chiller Cooling System for Various Types of Solar Collectors Using the F-Chart Cooling Method

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. P. Koronaki ◽  
E. G. Papoutsis ◽  
M. T. Nitsas
Keyword(s):  
Solar Energy ◽  
Flat Plate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Climatic Data ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Adsorption Chiller ◽  
Solar Cooling ◽  
Cooling Method

Solar cooling systems offer a reliable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional electrically driven vapor compression cooling units. Air conditioning systems powered by solar energy are very attractive because they have zero ozone depletion and global warming potential, their operational cost is low and they do not burden the electrical network during summer months. In this study, the installation of a solar cooling system in various Greek cities is examined. The system utilizes a single-stage, two-bed silica gel-water adsorption chiller driven by heat produced by solar collectors. A lumped parameter model is used to simulate the performance of the adsorption chiller. The optimum tilt of the solar collectors is calculated for each examined city in order for the collected solar energy to be maximized during the summer period (April to September). The climatic data are taken from the technical notes of Greek Regulation for Buildings Energy Performance. Then, using the f-chart cooling method the necessary collectors’ surface area is estimated for every examined city and for different types of flat plate collectors (including advanced flat plate, simple flat plate and hybrid photovoltaic thermal collectors).

scholarly journals Water-air regenerative heat exchanger with increased heat exchange efficiency

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Sergey Batukhtin ◽  
Andrey Batukhtin ◽  
Marina Baranovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Solar Collector ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Regenerative Heat

According to experts’ forecasts, by 2040 the global demand for energy will increase by 37%, and renewable energy sources in the next 20 years will become the fastest growing segment of the world energy, their share in the next decade will grow by about one and a half times. Solar energy is the fastest growing industry among all non-conventional energy sources and is gaining the highest rates of development in comparison with other renewable energy sources. In this article, the authors provide an overview of the technologies that increase the efficiency and productivity of solar panels, only the investigated methods are described that can speed up the process of introducing solar energy instead of traditional. All the methods described can increase the efficiency of systems that are based on the use of the sun as the main source of energy. The authors presented and described the scheme of a solar-air thermal power plant, which will improve energy efficiency through the use of a regenerative air solar collector with increased heat transfer efficiency. Strengthening will be achieved through the use of hemispherical depressions on the surface that receives solar radiation. A schematic diagram is given and the principle of operation of such a solar collector is described in detail. A comparative calculation of the intensification of the solar collector with the use of depressions and without the use as modernization was carried out, on the basis of which a conclusion was made about the efficiency of using this type of solar collector and the economic effect from the application of this method. A description of the method for calculating the solar collector is given, thanks to which this development can be used and implemented in existing heating and hot water supply systems.

scholarly journals THERMAL PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON SOLAR INTEGRATED COLLECTOR STORAGE

2012 ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
ABISHAKE ARUNASALAM ◽  
ANJAN RAVI ◽  
BOMMU SRIVATSA ◽  
R. SENTHIL
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Energy Source ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Solar Heating ◽  
Heat Transfer Fluid ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Chloride Hexahydrate

The current trend very well signifies that the world is losing all its fossil fuels at a rapid pace. The main solution to get rid of this problem is to effectively make use of the Renewable Energy Sources available around us. Solar energy is one such renewable source of energy available and is encouraged to be used in every country for its sustainability. However, the energy source and the demand do not match each other, especially in solar heating applications. So at present, energy storage is the main focus in any solar heating and cooling system. Solar radiation is a time dependent energy source with an intermittent character. The main aim of this work is to analyze the charging and discharging performance of solar thermal energy storage system with phase change materials (PCMs) and to investigate the appropriate method of enhancement of heat transfer from fin to PCM and PCM to heat transfer fluid (HTF). The utilization of PCM in the heat storage is investigated experimentally for convective heat transfer between the PCM and air. The selected PCM, Magnesium Chloride hexahydrate worked well in the practical range of temperature of around 110C for a variety of domestic and industrial applications.

Experimental Study of Thermal Energy Storage in Solar System Using PCM

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1027-1032 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kanimozhi ◽  
B.R. Ramesh Bapu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Phase Change ◽  
Latent Heat ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Thermal Energy Storage ◽  
Phase Change Materials ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Copper Tube

This paper summary the investigation and analysis of thermal energy storage extracted from solar heater and use for domestic purpose. Choosing a suitable phase change materials paraffin wax used for storing thermal energy in insulation tank. The tank carries minimum of 45 liters capacity of water and 50 numbers copper tubes each copper tube carries minimum of 100 grams PCM materials. Inside the tank phase change materials are receiving hot water from solar panel. This solar energy is stored in Copper tubes each copper tube contains PCM Materials as latent heat energy. Latent heat is absorbed and stored in Copper tubes .Large quantity of solar energy can be stored in a day time and same heat can be retrieved for later use. The tank was instrumented to measure inlet and outlet water temperature. The differences of temperature of the water is measured in a definite interval of time have been noted then calculating heat transfer rate and system effectiveness. The heat storage system is to be applied to store solar energy and the stored heat is used for domestic hot water supply system.

A System Modeling Approach for Active Solar Heating and Cooling System With Phase Change Material (PCM) for Small Buildings

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeevan Ratnanandan ◽  
Jorge E. González
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Solar Thermal ◽  
Solar Thermal Energy ◽  
Adsorption Chiller ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Solar Thermal Collectors ◽  
Change Material

The paper presents a study of the performance of an active solar thermal heating and cooling system for small buildings. The work is motivated by the need for finding sustainable alternatives for building applications that are climate adaptable. The energy demand for heating and cooling needs in residential and light commercial buildings in mid-latitudes represent more than 50% of the energy consumed annually by these buildings. Solar thermal energy represents an untapped opportunity to address this challenge with sustainable solutions. Direct heating could be a source for space heating and hot water, and for heat operated cooling systems to provide space cooling. However, a key limitation in mainstreaming solar thermal for heating and cooling has been the size of thermal storage to implement related technologies. We address this issue by coupling a Phase Change Material (PCM) with an adsorption chiller and a radiant flooring system for year round solar thermal energy utilization in Northern climates. The adsorption chiller allows for chill water production driven by low temperature solar thermal energy for summer cooling, and low temperature radiant heating provides for space heating in winter conditions, while hot water demand is supplied year round. These active systems are operated by high performance solar thermal collectors. The PCM has been selected to match temperatures requirements of the adsorption chiller, and the tank was designed to provide three levels of temperatures for all applications; cooling, heating, and hot water. The material selection is paraffin sandwiched with a graphite matrix to increase the conductivity. The specific objective of the preset work is to provide a system optimization of this active system. The system is represented by a series of mathematical models for each component; PCM tank with heat exchangers, the adsorption machine, the radiant floor, and the solar thermal collectors (Evacuated tubular collectors). The PCM modeling allows for sensible heating, phase change process, and superheating. Parametric simulations are conducted for a defined small building in different locations in US with the objective of defining design parameters for; optimal solar collector array, sizing of the PCM tank, and performance of the adsorption machine and radiant heating system. The monthly and annual solar fractions of the system are also reported.

Performance of a Solar Desiccant Cooling System

1988 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
George O. G. Lo¨f ◽  
Gerald Cler ◽  
Thomas Brisbane
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchange ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Evaporative Cooling ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Energy Applications ◽  
Solar Cooling ◽  
Cooling Unit ◽  
Electric Boiler

A solar desiccant cooling system was operated at the Solar Energy Applications Laboratory, Colorado State University, throughout the 1986 summer. The system comprises an American Solar King fresh air heating/desiccant evaporative cooling unit, a Sunmaster evacuated tube solar collector, hot water solar storage tank, auxiliary electric boiler, controls, and accessories. The cooling unit is operated in the ventilation mode, fresh air being dried in a rotating desiccant matrix, and cooled by heat exchange and evaporative cooling. Return air is used as a cooling medium in a rotating heat exchange matrix, heated by solar energy in a heat exchange coil, and discarded through the rotating desiccant bed. The solar-driven system provided over 90 percent of the seasonal cooling requirements in an experimental, residence type building at average COP levels of 1.0 and solar collection efficiencies of 50 percent when supplied with solar heated water at temperatures of 50 to 65° C. Detailed operating results, including total and average solar cooling provided, coefficients of performance, and overall solar cooling performance ratios are presented.

scholarly journals A New Solar Assisted Heat Pump System with Underground Energy Storage: Modelling and Optimisation

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (16) ◽  
pp. 5137
Author(s):  
Paweł Ocłoń ◽  
Maciej Ławryńczuk ◽  
Marek Czamara
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Heat Pump ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Jaya Algorithm ◽  
Solar Collectors ◽  
Pump System

The objectives of this work are: (a) to present a new system for building heating which is based on underground energy storage, (b) to develop a mathematical model of the system, and (c) to optimise the energy performance of the system. The system includes Photovoltaic Thermal Hybrid Solar Panels (PVT) panels with cooling, an evacuated solar collector and a water-to-water heat pump. Additionally, storage tanks, placed underground, are used to store the waste heat from PVT panels cooling. The thermal energy produced by the solar collectors is used for both domestic hot water preparation and thermal energy storage. Both PVT panels and solar collectors are assembled with a sun-tracking system to achieve the highest possible solar energy gain. Optimisation of the proposed system is considered to achieve the highest Renewable Energy Sources (RES) share during the heating period. Because the resulting optimisation problem is nonlinear, the classical gradient-based optimisation algorithm gives solutions that are not satisfying. As alternatives, three heuristic global optimisation methods are considered: the Genetic Algorithm (GA), the Particle Swarm Optimisation (PSO) algorithm, and the Jaya algorithm. It is shown that the Jaya algorithm outperforms the GA and PSO methods. The most significant result is that 93% of thermal energy is covered by using the underground energy storage unit consisting of two tanks.

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