scholarly journals Shifting Burdens: The Failures of the Deinstitutionalization Movement from the 1940s to the 1960s in American Society

1969 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ellen Sutherland
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Options ◽  
Mental Patient ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Mental Patients ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
American Society ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Mental Institutions

Shifting Burdens explores the process and features of mental patient deinstitutionalization as it occurred in America in the 1950s and 1960s. This paper examines the disillusionments American society had with mental institutions, such as faltering standards of care, staff failures, and inadequate treatment options. These issues resulted in the movement towards deinstitutionalization, resulting in the burden of care for displaced mental patients being shifted onto community homes and patients families. Shifting Burdens challenges the notion that deinstitutionalization at the time was a successful endeavour, as the question of care for mental patients continues to exist today.

Khaki-tinted glasses: Nostalgia and memory at wartime in TV’s M*A*S*H

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-85
Author(s):  
Martin Hall
Keyword(s):  
Meaning Making ◽  
Television Show ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
American Society ◽  
The 1960S

This article looks at the fruitful and well-loved television show M*A*S*H (1972‐83) through the lens of postmodernism and explores the extent to which nostalgia plays a role in meaning making. M*A*S*H, which was made predominantly in the 1970s, was set in the 1950s and refers quite explicitly to the 1960s, inherently uses ‘memory’ as a vehicle for delivering the show’s messages. By analysing the presence of material artefacts such as letters and food, this article demonstrates the prolificacy of the show’s overwhelmingly nostalgic approach to analysing American society across several decades.

Transformations: The New Deal through the 1950s

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Woloch
Keyword(s):  
Women Workers ◽  
New Deal ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Labor Standards ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Single Sex ◽  
Fair Labor Standards Act ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The New Deal

This chapter traces the changes in federal and state protective policies from the New Deal through the 1950s. In contrast to the setbacks of the 1920s, the New Deal revived the prospects of protective laws and of their proponents. The victory of the minimum wage for women workers in federal court in 1937 and the passage in 1938 of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA), which extended labor standards to men, represented a peak of protectionist achievement. This achievement rested firmly on the precedent of single-sex labor laws for which social feminists—led by the NCL—had long campaigned. However, “equal rights” gained momentum in the postwar years, 1945–60. By the start of the 1960s, single-sex protective laws had resumed their role as a focus of contention in the women's movement.

Frontiers of Visibility

Transfers ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franziska Torma
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Current Understanding ◽  
Machine Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Popular Images ◽  
Cinematic Technology

This article deals with the history of underwater film and the role that increased mobility plays in the exploration of nature. Drawing on research on the exploration of the ocean, it analyzes the production of popular images of the sea. The entry of humans into the depths of the oceans in the twentieth century did not revitalize myths of mermaids but rather retold oceanic myths in a modern fashion. Three stages stand out in this evolution of diving mobility. In the 1920s and 1930s, scenes of divers walking under water were the dominant motif. From the 1940s to the 1960s, use of autonomous diving equipment led to a modern incarnation of the “mermen“ myth. From the 1950s to the 1970s, cinematic technology was able to create visions of entire oceanic ecosystems. Underwater films contributed to the period of machine-age exploration in a very particular way: they made virtual voyages of the ocean possible and thus helped to shape the current understanding of the oceans as part of Planet Earth.

ACCOUNTING FOR IDLE CAPACITY: ITS PLACE IN THE HISTORICAL COST LITERATURE AND CONJECTURE ABOUT ITS DISAPPEARANCE

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gloria Vollmers
Keyword(s):  
Great Depression ◽  
Cost Accounting ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Industrial Engineer ◽  
Historical Cost ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Income Measurement ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Idle Capacity

How best to provide management with useful information about the underutilization of factory and machinery are old cost accounting questions. The literature from the turn of the century up through the 1950s reveals that the topic interested many. This paper resurrects those historical discussions. The objective is twofold, to demonstrate the sophistication and innovation of early writers emphasizing why they thought the topic important, and, to explore some theories about why this interest dissipated within the accounting literature. The possibilities include the effect of the great depression, wartime regulations, the withdrawal of the industrial engineer from costing and the growing importance of income measurement. This research ends in the 1960s, by which time idle capacity as an independent topic has largely disappeared.

Christian Radicalism and the Enactment of Secular Theology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Brewitt-Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Social Transformation ◽  
Religious Organization ◽  
Secular Theology ◽  
The World ◽  
The 1950S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Student Christian Movement ◽  
Christian Leaders ◽  
The Church

This chapter outlines three examples of how secular theology was put into practice in the 1960s: Nick Stacey’s innovations in the parish of Woolwich; the radicalization of the ‘Parish and People’ organization; and the radicalization of Britain’s Student Christian Movement, which during the 1950s was the largest student religious organization in the country. The chapter argues that secular theology contained an inherent dynamic of ever-increasing radicalization, which irresistibly propelled its adherents from the ecclesiastical radicalism of the early 1960s to the more secular Christian radicalism of the late 1960s. Secular theology promised that the reunification of the church and the world would produce nothing less than the transformative healing of society. As the 1960s went on, this vision pushed radical Christian leaders to sacrifice more and more of their ecclesiastical culture as they pursued their goal of social transformation.

Breast Cancer Care: Developments in 1998

1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 338-345
Author(s):  
John Horton
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Metastatic Breast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Axillary Node ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Breast Cancer Care ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
American Society

Background Breast cancer is a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, although death rates in the United States and some other countries are beginning to fall. Methods Several sources of information in 1998, including publications and presentations at the 1998 meeting of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, are pertinent to contemporary breast cancer care. Results It is now possible to prescribe hormonal therapy that will reduce the incidence of breast cancer. Methods are available to reduce the morbidity from axillary node dissection, and improvements in adjuvant therapy and management of metastatic breast cancer are now at hand. Conclusions The information presented provides a broad-based platform for new standards of care for breast cancer that will serve as a sound base for further progress in this important disease.

Dystrophinopathies and Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophies

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (04) ◽  
pp. 262-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Sarkozy ◽  
Mariacristina Scoto ◽  
Francesco Muntoni ◽  
Joana Domingos
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Shoulder Girdle ◽  
Muscle Disease ◽  
Standards Of Care ◽  
Muscular Dystrophies ◽  
New Treatment ◽  
Shoulder Girdle Muscles ◽  
Independent Ambulation ◽  
Duchenne's Muscular Dystrophy

AbstractMuscular dystrophies are a heterogeneous group of inherited diseases. The natural history of these disorders along with their management have changed mainly due to a better understanding of their pathophysiology, the evolution of standards of care, and new treatment options. Dystrophinopathies include both Duchenne's and Becker's muscular dystrophies, but in reality they are a spectrum of muscle diseases caused by mutations in the gene that encodes the protein dystrophin. Duchenne's muscular dystrophy is the most common form of inherited muscle disease of childhood. The current standards of care considerably prolong independent ambulation and survival. Several therapeutic options either aiming at substituting/correcting the primary protein defect or limiting the progression of the dystrophic process are currently being explored in clinical trials.Limb-girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are rare and heterogeneous conditions, characterized by weakness and wasting of the pelvic and shoulder girdle muscles. Originally classified into dominant and recessive, > 30 genetic forms of LGMDs are currently recognized. Further understanding of the pathogenic mechanisms of LGMD will help identifying novel therapeutic approaches that can be tested in clinical trials.

scholarly journals Fashion’s Final Frontier": The Correlation of Gender Roles and Fashion in Star Trek

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 639-649
Author(s):  
Katharina Andres
Keyword(s):  
Gender Roles ◽  
Pop Art ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Star Trek ◽  
Original Series ◽  
Gene Roddenberry ◽  
American Society ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Female Officers ◽  
Dominant Part

Since its creation in 1966, Star Trek has been a dominant part of popular culture and as thus served as the source for many cultural references. Star Trek’s creator Gene Roddenberry wanted to realize his vision of a utopia but at the same time, he used the futuristic setting of the show to comment on the present time, on ac-tual social and political circumstances. This means that each series can be regarded as a mirror image of the time in which it was created. The clothing of the characters in the different series is one part of that image. The uniforms of The Original Series show influences of the 1960s pop art movement as well as the mini-skirt trend that experienced its peak in that decade. In the course of almost 40 years, however, many things changed. In the 1990s, in Deep Space Nine and Voyager, a unisex uniform replaced the mini-dresses, with few exceptions; the colorful shirts gave way to ones that were mostly black. This trend continues into the new century. This essay interprets the evolution of the female officers’ uniforms from femi-nized dresses to androgynous clothing over the development of the series as a reflection of the change of gender roles in contemporary American society. The general functions of the female characters’ uniforms are the central object of its analysis while the few, but noteworthy exceptions to this pattern are given specific attention. Finally, one of the most intriguing lines of enquiry is, how the prequel series Enterprise, supposed to be set before The Original Series, but produced and aired from 2001 to 2005, fits in the picture.

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