scholarly journals Central Asia performance review in land governance indices and assessment frameworks

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-96
Author(s):  
Akbikesh Mukhtarova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Review Paper ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Active Engagement ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Performance Review ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Governance Effectiveness ◽  
Global Land ◽  
Central Asian Countries

Academic scholarship captures different land governance dimensions while focusing mainly on agrarian, legal, and economic aspects. However, little to no attention is paid to land governance consideration through public policy lenses. In particular, this holds for Central Asian (CA) countries where there is a noticeable lack of academic works on land governance effectiveness and anti-corruption strategies in the land sector. This review paper analyzes the question of how Central Asian countries are presented in land governance indices and assessment frameworks such as the World Bank’s Land Governance Assessment Framework (LGAF), Global Property Rights Index (Prindex), Global Land Governance Index (LANDex), and The Open Data Barometer. The paper uses the integrative review of academic works and the author’s empirical data on Central Asian performance in land governance indices and assessment programs. The findings revealed that while the Prindex results for the region are promising, the underperformance and lack of active engagement of Central Asian countries in the Open Data Barometer, LANDex, and LGAF are still visible. This fact could be explained by various reasons, including the lack of institutional and legal capacities in CA countries and the limitation in methodology and data collection techniques observed in present land indices. Considering that the subject is understudied, it is anticipated that this review paper will give both scholars and practitioners from the region and abroad the impetus to improve Central Asian performance in global land governance indices and assessment programs.

Tajik Migrant Religious Poetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
Tokhir S. Kalandarov
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Religious Poetry ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Semantic Translation ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Political Songs

Today there are hundreds of papers published on the problem of labor migration from Central Asian countries, its political, social and economic aspects, as well as on the problem of integration and adaptation of migrants in the Russian society. However, the topic of migrant poetry is still poorly studied in Russia. At least there is no such research on Tajik labor migrants. The genres of Tajik migrant poetry vary significantly and include such forms as love poems, political songs, songs about migration hardships, religious poems. This paper is based on the results of monitoring social networks «Odnoklassniki», «Facebook», as well as on the results of personal communication and interviews with poets. In the paper we use the poems of three authors written in Tajik, Russian and Shugnani languages. The semantic translation from Tajik and Shugnani was done by the author of this paper

New European Union strategy for Central Asia

2020 ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
S. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
High Importance ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Central Asian Countries

For several decades, the European Union has been steadily increasing its presence in Central Asian countries. The EU's interests in the region are due to a number of reasons, including the desire to expand its influence in the Central Asian countries, the high importance of the region as a transit corridor between Europe and China, the prospects for economic cooperation, and the importance of the region's energy potential. In May 2019 The European Union has presented a new Strategy for Central Asia, designed to intensify cooperation in a number of areas of interaction. The new strategy is aimed at both implementing these interests and expanding cooperation in a number of other areas.

KAZAKHSTAN’S POSITION IN THE ECONOMIC COOPERATION WITH OTHER COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-121
Author(s):  
Karlygash MUKHTAROVA ◽  
Yermukhambet KONUSPAYEV ◽  
Klara MAKASHEVA ◽  
Karim SHAKIROV
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Regional Economic ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Economic Ties

Improving the forms and mechanisms of regional economic integration, deepening the mutual understanding on the formation of an economically and politically secure integrated space, expanding trade and economic relations, elaborating joint actions to maintain regional peace and stability, creating a single information space are among the key areas that have become the basis of cooperation among the Central Asian region (CAR) states. The authors reveal the positive aspects of cooperation among the CAR countries—Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and Tajikistan. First and foremost, these include common historical roots, linguistic and cultural similarity, convenient geographical location and established economic ties, which allow the states of Central Asia (CA) to establish a deeper and more active understanding of each other, to solve economic and political problems related to finding and realizing domestic investment potential and expanding regional trade and economic ties. The joint establishment of international transport corridors and infrastructure will help reduce the transport costs for Central Asian countries that supply export products to external markets, which is an important area of ​​cooperation in Central Asia. In addition, the economic problems that exist among the regional countries largely determine the nature of relations between them. Future solution of problems determines the subsequent viability of the Central Asian Regional Economic Cooperation (CAREC) and the regional development prospects. Based on the use of economic research tools, the authors examine the problems caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the state of trade and economic relations between the regional states. Post-crisis plans for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries will be developed and implemented in the context of the need to solve the present-day problems associated with the gradual lifting of quarantine measures. In this regard, the quickest possible transition of economies to an upward growth trajectory should launch the expansion of trade and economic cooperation and ties among the Central Asian countries. The authors emphasize the fact that another important problem within CAREC is the fact that CAR economies are dominated by raw materials, which does not solve the problems of reducing social inequality and improving the welfare of the regional population. For this reason, Kazakhstan, like other Central Asian countries, is currently in search of a new economic model. The transformation is crucial because the country needs to overcome its excessive long-term dependence on the export of oil and raw materials. The new economic model should be focused on further industrialization and diversification of the economy, on the search for new innovative approaches and development strategies.

Framework for Colorectal Cancer Health Needs Assessment in North and Central Asian Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (09) ◽  
pp. 569-575
Author(s):  
Rebecca Pratiti
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Population Attributable Risk ◽  
National Income ◽  
Risk Indicators ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Per Capita

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third leading cause for cancer worldwide. Prevalence of CRC is increasing in North and Central Asian Countries (NCAC). European guidelines encourage member countries to allocate resources for primary prevention of CRC through screening. Though, cost-effective screening is becoming a priority. A framework for health priority determination to prioritize CRC screening was developed. Public health websites were accessed to abstract epidemiologic data. The framework included prioritization by absolute risk (incidence, prevalence), relative risk (CRC ranking for national cancer deaths) and population attributable risk for the disease. Risk indicators were identified for the NCAC. Further detailed risk assessment scoring was completed to assess the CRC disease burden. Statistical analysis was performed for correlation. Variables included in risk assessment were population, life expectancy, gross national income per capita, percent GDP spent on health expenditure, total expenditure on health per capita, age standardized mortality to incidence ratio, cancer ranking by incidence and smoking prevalence. Risk assessment showed Kyrgyzstan, Georgia, Belarus and Armenia have more than expected CRC burden. Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Latvia have lower than expected CRC burden. Conclusion: Identifying high CRC burden countries to prioritize screening is important. Uniform and comparable CRC risk indicators for the region is needed. Health need assessment and priority setting is important for better distribution of resources. Countries with lower risk score may implement preventive policy to reduce CRC risk factors and countries with higher risk could adapt mitigating policy for early diagnosis of CRC.

THE CENTRAL ASIAN ECONOMY DURING THE PANDEMIC: AN ANALYSIS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM BUSINESS SUPPORT STRATEGIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 058-067
Author(s):  
Aiganym ISSENOVA
Keyword(s):  
Administrative Support ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Support Tools ◽  
Business Support ◽  
Central Asian Countries ◽  
Asian Economy ◽  
Tax Holidays

This paper examines public policy towards small and medium-sized enterprises in the Central Asian countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. A study of analytical surveys for 2020 and 2021 produced by international organizations (such as the World Bank, the Asian Development Bank, KPMG, and the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development), as well as of legal and regulatory documents and strategic programs adopted in the countries of Central Asia during the coronavirus pandemic, has made it possible to identify the advantages and disadvantages of government decisions regarding business and to analyze public strategies for supporting small and medium-sized enterprises. This analysis leads to the conclusion that the potential for economic recovery in the Central Asian countries is directly dependent on the measures taken by their governments to maintain and support the business sector. In particular, the study results show that the main business support tools during the coronavirus pandemic are mechanisms such as tax holidays for businesses, soft loans, loan restructuring and refinancing, and administrative support measures.

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