scholarly journals GESTATIONAL DIABETES;

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (02) ◽  
pp. 232-236
Author(s):  
SHAZIA SHAHEEN ◽  
ROBINA ALI ◽  
UZMA , AFZAL
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine the Accuracy of GCT for screening of gestational diabetes in high risk population comparing oralGlucose Tolerance Test (GTT) as gold standard. Main outcome measures: Accuracy of GCT. Study design: Cross-sectional study.Setting: The study was conducted in outpatient department of Punjab Medical College and affiliated hospitals, Faisalabad. Subjects: 207patients. Methods: High risk women from outpatient department were recruited on the basis of inclusion and exclusion criteria afterexplaining pros and cons of procedure. These women were subjected to GCT & GTT. GTT was taken as gold standard test and results ofGCT were compared with it. Main outcome measures recorded and results obtained. Results: Out of 207 women, GCT truly diagnosed 24women as having diabetes (true positive) & 175 women were found to have normal glucose metabolism (true negative). GCT failed todiagnose 5 diabetic women (false negative) & wrongly diagnosed 3 normal women as diabetics (false positive) against gold standardGTT. So GCT has diagnosed Gestational diabetes mellitus with the sensitivity of 82.7%, specificity of 98.3%, positive predictive value of88.8%, and negative predictive value of 97.2% and accuracy of 96.1%. Conclusions: GCT is a simple, easy, convenient and sensitive testthat has no limitation for time or prior fasting for gestational diabetes screening.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC ACCURACY OF 99 MTC LABELLED UBIQUICIDIN (29-41) SPECT/CT FOR DIAGNOSIS OF OSTEOMYELITIS IN DIABETIC FOOT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 1015-19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Atif ◽  
Fida Hussain ◽  
Zaigham Salim Dar ◽  
Jameela Khatoon ◽  
Saadia Ajmal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Bone Biopsy ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: To determine diagnostic accuracy of 99mTc labelled Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT for detection of osteomyelitis in diabetic foot patients by taking bone biopsy as gold standard. Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Nuclear Medical Centre, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, from Apr 2017 to Mar 2018. Methodology: Study assessed 122 patients of both genders, aged between 30-80 years (mean age=55.3 years), presenting with diabetic foot ulcers having suspicion of osteomyelitis, by 99mTc-Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT followed by bone biopsy (histopathology and culture) taken as gold standard. Results: Among 122 patients [94 male (77%) and 28 female (23%)], osteomyelitis was histopathologically confirmed in 113 patients. 107 out of these patients were positive for osteomyelitis on 99mTc-UBI (29-41) SPECT/CT (true positives) while 6 were false negative. Out of 9 patients declared negative for osteomyelitis on histopathology and culture, 8 were negative on 99mTc-UBI (29-41) SPECT/CT as well (true negative) while only 1 case came out to be positive (false positive). Thus, the 99mTc-UBI (29-41) scan showed 94.6% sensitivity, 88.89% specificity, 99% positive predictive value, 57% negative predictive value with overall 94.2% diagnostic accuracy. Conclusion: 99mTc labelled Ubiquicidin (29-41) SPECT/CT scan can precisely localize infective focus, in diabetic foot osteomyelitis, with simultaneous discrimination between bone and soft tissues.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography for Detection of AT by Taking Surgical Findings as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3093-3095
Author(s):  
Iqra Rafique ◽  
Anam Manzoor ◽  
Sana Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Achilles Tendinopathy ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Standard Design

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for detection of Achilles tendinopathy by taking surgical findings as gold standard. Design of the Study: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Study Settings: This study was carried out at Department Of Diagnostic Radiology And Diagnostic Imaging Combined Military Hospital, Lahore from 23rd December 2017 to 22nd June 2018. Material and Methods: A total of 70 patients of age 20-70 years, of either gender presenting with severe pain and swelling in area of Achilles tendon were included. Patients with heel pain having concurrent heel ulcer, eczematous changes or calcaneal fractures, muscular dystrophy and previous surgery were excluded. All the patients were then underwent ultrasonography and findings were noted for presence or absence of Achilles tendinopathy. Each Ultrasonographic finding were compared with surgical findings. Results of the Study: Mean age was 41.24 ± 10.34 years. Out of these 70 patients, 46 (65.71%) were male and 24 (34.29%) were females with male to female ratio of 1.9:1. In USG positive patients, 40 (True Positive) had Achilles tendinopathy and 04 (False Positive) had no Achilles tendinopathy on surgical findings. Among, 26 USG negative patients, 03 (False Negative) had Achilles tendinopathy on surgical findings whereas 23 (True Negative) had no Achilles tendinopathy on surgical findings. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for detection of Achilles tendinopathy by taking surgical findings as gold standard was 93.02%, 85.19%, 90.91%, 88.46% and 90.0% respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography for detection of Achilles tendinopathy is quite high. Keywords: Achilles tendinopathy, ultrasonography, sensitivity.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Sonomammography in Diagnosis of BIRADS 4 Suspicious Breast Lesions Keeping Histopathology as Gold Standard

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 2772-2775
Author(s):  
Anam Manzoor ◽  
Iqra Rafique ◽  
Sana Naseer
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Breast Lesions ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Malignant Breast

Objective: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of sonomammography in diagnosis of BIRADS ≥4 suspicious breast lesions taking histopathology as gold standard. Design of the Study: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study. Study Settings: This study was carried out at Department Of Diagnostic Radiology And Diagnostic Imaging Combined Military Hospital, Lahore from January 2017 to June 2017. Material and Methods: A total of 190 patients of age 30-70 years, presenting with palpable breast lesions with BIRAD ≥4 undergoing biopsy under local anesthesia were included. Patients with already diagnosed with breast cancer and recurrent breast lesion were excluded. Then all patients were undergone USG by using a high-resolution unit (PLM703AT) with a linear array probe centered at 7, 5 MHz, along with mammography using mamomet 3000 NOVA SIEMENS, General Electric Medical Systems, Milwaukee. Patients were labeled as positive or negative. Sonomammography findings were correlated with histopathological findings. Results of the Study: In 117 sonomammography positive patients, 107 (True Positive) had malignant breast lesions and 08 (False Positive) had benign on histopathology findings. Among, 75 sonomammography negative patients, 06 (False Negative) had malignant breast lesions on histopathology whereas 69 (True Negative) had benign lesions on histopathology. Overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of sonomammography in diagnosis of BIRADS ≥4 suspicious breast lesions taking histopathology as gold standard was 94.69%, 89.61%, 93.04%, 92.0% and 92.63% respectively. Conclusion: This study concluded that diagnostic accuracy of sonomammography in diagnosis of BIRADS ≥4 suspicious breast lesions is quite high. Keywords: Breast lesions, malignant, sonomammography, sensitivity.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Accuracy of Ultrasonography in Diagnosing Morbidly Adherent Placenta, Taking Intra-Operative Findings as Gold Standard

Esculapio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anum Yousaf ◽  
Misbah Durrani ◽  
Khoala Riaz ◽  
Ume Kalsoom ◽  
Hassan Parvez
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
False Negative ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Morbidly Adherent Placenta ◽  
Adherent Placenta ◽  
Operative Findings

Objective: Various imaging modalities can be employed for the placenta accreta diagnosis like USG and MRI, however, their exact diagnostic accuracy is yet to be established. This study was conducted for determining the accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing morbidly adherent placenta in women with a previous scar, taking the per-operative findings as gold standard. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out at department of Radiology, Benazir Bhutto Hospital, Rawalpindi from 6th January 2019 to 5th July 2019. Using non-probability purposive sampling 118 pregnant women with single pregnancy of age 18-40 years were included. Both grey scale and color doppler findings of ultrasound were employed for ascertaining presence or absence of morbidly adherent placenta. Per-operative findings of all patients who underwent cesarean section afterwards in their respective wards were registered. The findings of USG were then compared with the per-operative observations. Results: Among patients in whom USG findings were of morbidly adherent placenta, 60 were true positive while 05 were false positive, whereas, in the patients with no evidence of morbidly adherent placenta on USG, 03 were false negative while 50 were true negative. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of USG in diagnosing morbidly adherent placenta in previous scar women, taking per -operative findings as gold standard was 95.24%, 90.91%, 92.31%, 94.34% and 93.22% respectively. Conclusion: It can be inferred from our study that USG is a very sensitive and accurate non-invasive imaging technique for the diagnosis of morbidly adherent placenta. Keywords: morbidly adherent placenta, ultrasonography, sensitivity. How to cite: Yousaf A., Durrani M., Riaz K., Kalsoom U., Parvez H. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography in diagnosing morbidly adherent placenta, taking intra-operative findings as gold standard. Esculapio. 2021; 17(01): 71-74

scholarly journals Diagnostic accuracy of TI-RADS classification in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules-a study from Southern Punjab, Pakistan

BioMedica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Sumera Nighat ◽  
Mahwish Zahra ◽  
Azhar Mahmood Javed ◽  
Shabbir Ahmad ◽  
Sadia Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Thyroid Nodules ◽  
Local Population ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Imaging Evaluation ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results

<p><strong>Background and Objective:</strong> Thyroid imaging reporting and data system (TI-RADS) is developed to determine the risk of malignancy in patients with thyroid nodules. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of TI-RADS classification for diagnosing malignant thyroid nodules taking Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) as a gold standard in the local population.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> In this cross-sectional validation study, 201 patients presenting with thyroid nodules at the Department of Radiology, Bakhtawar Amin Hospital Multan, Pakistan from July 2020 to December 2020 were included. In all patients, thyroid nodules were evaluated on grey scale (B-mode) modality. TI-RADS score was calculated for each patient. Patients with TI-RADS score 4 and 5 were labelled as having malignant nodules. After that FNAC samples were taken and sent for histopathologic evaluation of thyroid nodules. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of TI-RADS taking FNAC as a gold standard were determined.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the patients was 47.8 &plusmn; 4.5 years; there were 129 (67.2%) women and 72 (35.82%) men. There were 42 patients who tested true positive and 36 patients tested false positive and 12 patients were false negative and 111 patients true negative. The TIRADS sensitivity was 77.8%, specificity was 75.5%, PPV was 53.8%, and NPV 90.2%. the diagnostic accuracy was 76.1%.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Differentiating benign thyroid nodules from malignant using the TI-RADS score has a high diagnostic accuracy. Our study results support the TIRADS as a first-line imaging evaluation for diagnosis of thyroid malignancy.</p>

scholarly journals Effectiveness Of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (TEOAE) Test For Neonatal Auditory Screening

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Shanila Feroz ◽  
Iqbal Hussain Udaipurwala ◽  
Danish Muhammad Khan ◽  
Fatima Iqbal Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Otoacoustic Emission ◽  
Normal Hearing ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission

Objective: The purpose of this study is to assess the efficacy of Transient Evoked Otoacoustic Emission (TEOAE) as screening test for auditory function in neonates. Study Design: A cross-sectional study Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted at United Medical and Dental College, Creek General Hospital, Karachi, from July 2106 to May 2017. A total number of 120 newborn babies were screened for hearing loss before discharge from hospital but 20 were lost for follow up and 100 cases were included in this study. Method: TEOAE was done in all neonates born during this period at 3rd day after birth. Those who were found to have hearing loss, TEOAE was repeated at the end of 1st week and again in 6th week after birth. BERA was done in those cases who showed hearing loss on TEOAE on all three occasions. All the 100 cases were followed up regularly for more than one year for appearance of any sign or symptom related with hearing loss or speech development failure. Result: Out of 100 cases included in this study, 96 were found to have no hearing loss on TEOAE and 1 on BERA test. Remaining three cases were found to have hearing loss on both TEOAE and BERA test. True negative cases where no hearing loss was found on TEOAE and subsequent follow up were 96. True positive cases were 3 where hearing loss was found on TEOAE and BERA and also on subsequent follow-up. False positive case was 1, where hearing loss was detected on TEOAE but BERA showed normal hearing and subsequent follow-up also showed normal hearing and false negative result was not detected in any case. Sensitivity of TEOAE was found to be 100%, specificity is 98.9%, accuracy is 99%, positive predictive value is 75% and negative predictive value is 100% in this study. Conclusion: TEOAE was found to be a cost-effective and practicable method of recognizing congenital hearing loss. It should be done in all newborns as routine screening for hearing loss

scholarly journals To determine the diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index in detecting significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (08) ◽  
pp. 1166-1171
Author(s):  
Mahwish Yasin ◽  
◽  
Huma Muzaffar ◽  
M Ahmed Zamir ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis C ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
False Negative ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Significant Fibrosis ◽  
Chronic Hepatitis C Patients

Objective: The objective of the study was to: determine the diagnostic accuracy of AST to platelet ratio index in detecting significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard. Study Design: Cross Sectional study. Settings: Department of Medicine, DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: 1st Oct 2017 to March 2018. Results: In this study, out of 158 cases, 48.73%(n=77) were between 25-40 years while 51.27%(n=81) were between 41-60 years, mean+SD was calculated as 40.94+9.10 years, 55.06%(n=87) were male and 44.94%(n=71) were females, mean AST and platelet count was calculated as 1.68+0.54 and 191.0+43.75, frequency of significant fibroids in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard reveals as 53.16%(n=84) while 46.84%(n=74) had no findings of this morbidity. The diagnostic accuracy of AST to platelet ratio index in detecting significant fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C patients by using histopathology as gold standard was recorded which shows 51.27%(n=81) as true positive, 2.53%(n=4) false positive, 1.89%(n=3) false negative and 44.31%(n=70) were recorded as true negative, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy rate was computed as 96.43%, 94.59%, 95.29%, 95.89% and 95.57% respectively. Conclusion: The results of the study reveal that diagnostic accuracy of AST to platelet ratio for detection of significant fibrosis in chronic Hepatitis C patients was satisfactory and it may be used for the avoidance of invasive liver biopsy to initiate the antiviral therapy in these patients.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSIS OF SUBDURAL HAEMATOMA AND EPIDURAL HAEMATOMA BY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY IN PATIENTS WITH ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Nadir Hussain ◽  
Shafia Khan ◽  
Rabia Rabia ◽  
Kanwal Saleem ◽  
Sana Aslam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Epidural Haematoma ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional

Methodology: It was a cross sectional Analytical study conducted at Department of Radiology AL RAZI HOSPITAL MM ALAM LAHORE. From 1st July 2019 to 31st December 2019.The 172 subjects were selected of history and clinical examination and suspicion of head injuries requiring head CT scan evaluation. Subjects included both male and female gender age over 10 years and less than 70 years were selected. Contraindication to CT imaging and pregnant females were excluded. Patients were examined using 64 Slices dual source SIMENS CT machine. All the information of patient were noted on a specifically designed for this purpose.Results: Mean age of patient was 36.87± 13.02 years. Most frequent age group was 15-30 years having 75(42.8%) subjects. There were 125(71.4%) male and 50(28.5%) females in the study respectively. There were 126 true positive, 12 false positive, 11 false negative and 17 true negative cases. This study revealed computed tomography sensitivity (72%) specificity (94%) diagnostic accuracy is (97.1%), Positive predictive value is (97.98%) and negative predictive value is (71.69%).Conclusions: It was concluded that Computed tomography is a useful diagnostic tool after clinical evaluation in patients imaging for the diagnosis of subdural and epidural hematomas in patients of road traffic accident.

scholarly journals CT evaluation of malignant PNS mass and histopathological correlation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Tahmina Islam ◽  
Salauddin Al-Azad ◽  
Lubna Khondker ◽  
Sabina Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
False Negative ◽  
True Negative ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nasal Sinus ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Histopathological Correlation ◽  
Ct Evaluation ◽  
Malignant Mass

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Computed tomography (CT) is the gold standard for exact delineation of paranasal sinus(PNS) disease. There are many radiologically important diseases of paranasal sinuses.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Objective:</strong> to evaluate the malignant PNS mass by computed tomographic image and the findings of this modality were compared with histopathological result.</p><p><strong>Methods:</strong> It was a cross sectional type of study and carried out with suspected PNS mass having patients during January 2009 to Octo­ber 2010.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age of the patients was 35.95 ± 18.24 and common complaints of the patients were nasal obstruction (73.7%) and maximum 53.9% patients had PNS mass in maxillary sinuses. Out of 76 cases 21.1 % found malignant mass on CT and after histopathology 19. 7% had malignant mass. Out of all cases 14 were diagnosed as malig­nant PNS mass by CT scan and confirmed by histopathological evaluation and they were true positive. Two cases were diagnosed as malignant PNS mass by CT scan but not confirmed by histopathological findings and they were false positive. Of 60 cases, which were diagnosed by CT scan, one was confirmed as malignant and 59 were benign by histopa­thology. They were false negative and true negative respectively. Sensitivity of CT scan to diagnose malignant PNS mass was 93.3%, specificity 96.7%, positive predictive value 87.5%, negative predictive value 98.3% and accuracy 96.1 %.<strong> </strong></p><p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> CT scan of the malignant para nasal sinus mass provides more information and better image quality and CT diagnosis correlate well with the findings of histopathology.</p>

scholarly journals Validity of Immunochromatographic Test for Antibody in Diagnosis of Typhoid Fever in Children Admitted in A Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Zabeen Choudhury ◽  
Mohammed Rezaul Karim ◽  
Rasheda Samad ◽  
Shanjana Islam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
True Negative ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: To determine the Validity of Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) in diagnosis of typhoid fever in children admitted in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This cross sectional study was carried out the in Pediatric & Medicine wards of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH), Chittagong during the period July 2012 to June 2013. A total number of 150 clinically suspected cases of typhoid fever (Age >6 months to18 years) were enrolled in this study. After taking informed written consent, detailed history & clinical examination were completed. A blood culture sample was taken on the day of admission before starting antibiotic. On the 5th day onwards of appearance of fever, blood sample was taken to perform ICT. Patients received standard medical treatment of the admitting wards.Results: Blood C/S for Salmonella typhi was found positive in 16(10.7%) cases. Positive ICT for typhoid fever was found in 37(24.7%) cases. Among then, IgM was 18(12.0%) IgM+IgG were 8(5.3%) and IgG was 11(7.3%). ICT found true positive in 14, false positive in 23, false negative in 2 and true negative in 111 cases, where blood culture considered as gold standard. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05) between two groups. Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) showed sensitivity 87.5%, specificity 82.8%, accuracy 83.3%, positive predictive value 37.8% and negative predictive value 98.2% for identification of typhoid fever.Conclusion: The present study has shown high sensitivity & specificity of ICT, it can be used as a useful & prospectful diagnostic tool.Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.16 (2); July 2017; Page 20-24

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