Maternal empowerment and healthcare access determines stillbirths and early neonatal mortality in Pakistan: analysis of demographic and health survey 2012-13

AbstractIntroductionAlthough past studies have established that iron-supplements and anti-malaria drugs taken by mothers during pregnancy reduce the risk of neonatal deaths in high prone malaria areas, little is known about their impact on mortality risks in neonatal age segments in Kenya. The study objective was to analyse variations in neonatal age segments mortality rates by uptake of these two antenatal care services and determine their effects on the age segments mortality in Kenya’s malaria zones.Data and methodsThis study used data from the 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS). Survival status information for 20,794 children born less than 60 months prior to interview date and reported mothers’ uptake of iron-supplements and anti-malaria drugs during last pregnancy was analysed. Life table method was used to estimate mortality rates and Poisson multivariate regression models were fitted to determine relative risks of death for the study variables.ResultsThe results show that variations in neonatal age segments mortality in Kenya’s malaria zones are statistically insignificant. The contributions of early neonatal (0 to 7 days) to neonatal mortality rate are 80% and 100% in low and high malaria zones, respectively. Combined high community uptake of iron-supplements and anti-malaria drugs during pregnancy reduce significantly mortality risk in late neonatal (8 days to less than one month) in all malaria zones when effects of other risk factors are controlled for.ConclusionsThe findings suggest that future decline in neonatal mortality in all Kenya’s malaria zones depend mainly on reduction of early neonatal mortality. High community uptake of iron-supplements and anti-malaria drugs during pregnancy has significant reduction effect on late neonatal mortality in all malaria zones. This study recommends improvement of future KDHS data quality, especially on care for small and sick neonates.

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Association between Neonatal Mortality and Paternal Characteristics: Evidence from Pakistan Demographic and Health Survey 2006–07

Das Gesundheitswesen ◽

10.1055/s-0031-1283689 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 73 (08/09) ◽

Author(s):

M Zakar ◽

R Zakar ◽

T Itani

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey

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Socioeconomic, bio-demographic and health/behavioral determinants of neonatal mortality in Nigeria: a multilevel analysis of 2013 demographic and health survey

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20160499 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 311-323 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Emmanuel Adewuyi ◽

Yun Zhao ◽

Reeta Lamichhane

Keyword(s):

Multilevel Analysis ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Behavioral Determinants

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DETERMINANTS OF NEONATAL MORTALITY BASED ON THE 2017 INDONESIAN DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY (IDHS)

The Indonesian Journal of Public Health ◽

10.20473/ijph.v16i3.2021.363-374 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 363

Author(s):

Fidya Rumiati ◽

Asri C. Adisasmita

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Neonatal Period ◽

Health Interventions ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Outcome Variable ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Major Health Problem

ABSTRACTInfant mortality is still a major health problem in Indonesia as 63% of deaths occur in the neonatal period. The trend of the neonatal mortality rate in Indonesia has decreased from 15 (2017) to 13 deaths per 1,000 live births (2018), but this does not meet the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) target. Evidence-based health interventions are based on determinants that most influences neonatal mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine the most influential determinants of neonatal mortality in Indonesia. This research is an analytic observational study that uses the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) data, with a cross-sectional design. This study’s population was the last baby of married women of childbearing age (15-49 years) and was recorded in the 2017 IDHS with a sample of 15,102 babies. The outcome variable in this study was neonatal mortality. The analysis was conducted in stages, namely univariate analysis, bivariate analysis using the chi-square statistical test (X2), and multivariate analysis using logistic regression. The results showed that 85.71% of deaths occurred in the early neonatal period. The most influential determinants of neonatal mortality were male sex (adj OR = 2.91: 95% CI 1.78-4.76), low birth weight (adj OR = 12.08: 95% CI 7.38-18.86) and parity status ≥ 4 (adj OR = 2.11: 95% CI 1.22-3.61). Public health interventions aimed at reducing neonatal mortality should be linked to newborn and maternal characteristics that significantly influence Indonesia's neonatal mortality. Therefore, health services must consider adequate postpartum neonatal care that is fully integrated with medical care. Moreover, further prevention of potential factors that cause low birth weight before conception should be implemented and further control of births would optimize the family planning program. Keywords: gender, low birth weight, parity status, determinant, neonatal mortality, Indonesia

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Determinants of neonatal mortality in Nigeria: evidence from the 2008 demographic and health survey

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/1471-2458-14-521 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

Osita Kingsley Ezeh ◽

Kingsley Emwinyore Agho ◽

Michael John Dibley ◽

John Hall ◽

Andrew Nicholas Page

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey

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Neonatal mortality in East Africa and West Africa: a geographic analysis of district-level demographic and health survey data

Geospatial health ◽

10.4081/gh.2017.501 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Sue C. Grady ◽

April N. Frake ◽

Qiong Zhang ◽

Matlhogonolo Bene ◽

Demetrice R. Jordan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Risk ◽

West Africa ◽

East Africa ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Child Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Home Births ◽

Under Five ◽

Development Goals

Under-five child mortality declined 47% since 2000 following the implementation of the United Nation’s (UN) Millennium Development Goals. To further reduce under-five child mortality, the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) will focus on interventions to address neonatal mortality, a major contributor of under-five mortality. The African region has the highest neonatal mortality rate (28.0 per 1000 live births), followed by that of the Eastern Mediterranean (26.6) and South-East Asia (24.3). This study used the Demographic and Health Survey Birth Recode data (http://dhsprogram.com/data/File-Types-and-Names.cfm) to identify high-risk districts and countries for neonatal mortality in two sub-regions of Africa – East Africa and West Africa. Geographically weighted Poisson regression models were estimated to capture the spatially varying relationships between neonatal mortality and dimensions of potential need i) care around the time of delivery, ii) maternal education, and iii) women’s empowerment. In East Africa, neonatal mortality was significantly associated with home births, mothers without an education and mothers whose husbands decided on contraceptive practices, controlling for rural residency. In West Africa, neonatal mortality was also significantly associated with home births, mothers with a primary education and mothers who did not want or plan their last child. Importantly, neonatal mortality associated with home deliveries were explained by maternal exposure to unprotected water sources in East Africa and older maternal age and female sex of infants in West Africa. Future SDG-interventions may target these dimensions of need in priority high-risk districts and countries, to further reduce the burden of neonatal mortality in Africa.

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Risk factor of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: multilevel analysis of 2016 Demographic and Health Survey

Tropical Medicine and Health ◽

10.1186/s41182-021-00303-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Setegn Muche Fenta ◽

Hailegebrael Birhan Biresaw ◽

Kenaw Derebe Fentaw

Keyword(s):

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Wealth Index ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Community Level ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Multiple Birth ◽

African Countries ◽

Sub Saharan ◽

Newborn Children

Abstract Background In sub-Saharan African countries, neonatal mortality rates remain unacceptably high. Ethiopia is one of the countries in Sub-Saharan Africa with the highest death rates of newborn children. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the risk factors associated with neonatal mortality in Ethiopia at the individual and community level. Methods The 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data was accessed and used for the analysis. A total of 2449 newborn children were included in the analysis. The multilevel logistic regression model was used to identify the significant factor of neonatal mortality. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 in the multilevel model was reported. Results A total of 2449 newborn children were included in this study. Multiple birth type (AOR = 3.18; 95% CI 2.78, 3.63), birth order of ≥ 5 (AOR = 2.15; 95% CI 1.75, 2.64), pre-term birth (AOR = 5.97; 95% CI 4.96, 7.20), no antenatal care (ANC) visit during pregnancy (AOR = 2.33; 95% CI 2.09, 2.61), not received TT injection during pregnancy (AOR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.92, 2.71), delivered at home (AOR = 1.99; 95% CI 1.48, 2.69), less than 24 months of preceding birth interval (AOR = 1.51; 95% CI 1.35,1.68), smaller birth size (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.46, 1.71), never breastfeeding (AOR = 2.43; 95% CI 2.17, 2.72), poor wealth index (AOR = 1.29; 95% CI 1.17,1.41), non-educated mothers (AOR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.46, 1.71), non-educated fathers (AOR = 1.32; 95% CI 1.12, 1.54), rural residence (AOR = 2.71; 95% CI 2.23, 3.29), unprotected water source (AOR = 1.35; 95% CI 1.16, 1.58), and have no latrine facility (AOR = 1.78; 95% CI 1.50, 2.12) were associated with a higher risk of neonatal mortality. Neonates living in Amhara, Oromia, Somali, Harari, and Dire Dawa had a higher risk of neonatal mortality compared to Tigray. Moreover, the random effects result showed that about 85.57% of the variation in neonatal mortality was explained by individual- and community-level factors. Conclusions The findings suggest that attention be paid to education-based programs for mothers that would highlight the benefits of delivery care services, such as ANC visits, TT injections, and facility births. Meanwhile, public health initiatives should focus on expanding access to quality sanitation facilities, especially for latrines and drinking water that could improve neonatal health at the community-level as a whole.

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Determinants of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia: an analysis of the 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey

African Health Sciences ◽

10.4314/ahs.v20i2.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 715-723

Author(s):

Garoma Wakjira Basha ◽

Ashenafi Abate Woya ◽

Abay Kassa Tekile

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Neonatal Mortality ◽

Health Survey ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Public Health Intervention ◽

Health Intervention ◽

Demographic And Health Survey ◽

Sampling Weights ◽

Child Birth

Background: The first 28 days of life, the neonatal period, are the most vulnerable time for a child’s survival. Neonatal mortality accounts for about 38% of under-five deaths in low and middle income countries. This study aimed to identify the determinants of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Methods: The study used data from the nationally representative 2016 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS). Once the data were extracted; editing, coding and cleaning were done by using SAS 9.4.Sampling weights was applied to en- sure the representativeness of the sample in this study. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression statistical analysis was used to identify determinants of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Results: A total of 11,023 weighted live-born neonates born within five years preceding the 2016 EDHS were included this in this study. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that multiple birth neonates (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR)=6.38;95%- Confidence Interval (CI):4.42-9.21), large birth size (AOR=1.35; 95% CI: 0.28-1.62), neonates born to mothers who did not utilize ANC (AOR=1.41; 95% CI: 1.11-1.81), neonates from rural area (AOR=1.88; 95% CI: 1.15-3.05) and neonates born in Harari region (AOR=1.45; 95% CI: 0.61-3.45)had higher odds of neonatal mortality. On the other hand, female neonates (AOR=0.60; 95% CI: 0.47-0.75), neonates born within the interval of more than 36 months of the preceding birth (AOR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.43-0.75), neonates born to fathers with secondary and higher education level (AOR=0.51; 95%CI: 0.22-0.88) had lower odds of neonatal mortality in Ethiopia. Conclusion: To reduce neonatal mortality in Ethiopia, there is a need to implement sex specific public health intervention mainly focusing on male neonate during pregnancy, child birth and postnatal period. A relatively simple and cost-effective public health intervention should be implemented to make sure that all pregnant women are screened for multiple pregnancy and if positive, extra care should be given during pregnancy, child birth and postnatal. Keywords: Neonatal mortality; logistic regression; odds ratio; Ethiopia.

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