scholarly journals Promoting the Growth of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica Seedlings and Improving Rhizosphere Fungal Community Structure through Interaction between Trichoderma and Ectomycorrhizal Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saiyaremu Halifu ◽  
Xun Deng ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Jiangbao Xia ◽  
Xiaoshuang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Community Structure ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Ectomycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Suillus Luteus ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

In this study, pot experiments were conducted on the seedlings of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica to study the influence of Trichoderma (Trichoderma harzianum E15) and Ectomycorrhizal fungi (Suillus luteus N94) on the growth of these seedlings. In particular, the effects of these fungi on the fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings were investigated. Inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum E15 and Suillus luteus N94 significantly (P < 0.05) promoted the growth of the Pinus sylvestris seedlings. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) results indicated a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the fungal community structures in the rhizosphere soil of the annual and biennial seedlings. In the rhizosphere soil of annual seedlings, the main fungi were Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Zygomycota. Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, Mortierellomycota, and p-unclassified-k-Fungi were the main fungi in the rhizosphere soil of biennial seedlings. The dominant genus in the rhizosphere soil and a key factor promoting the growth of the annual and the biennial seedlings was Trichoderma, Suillus, respectively. Both of them were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of microbial flora in the symbiotic environment. Trichoderma had a significant promoting effect on the conversion of total phosphorus, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, and the organic matter in the rhizosphere soil of the seedlings, while Suillus significantly promoted the conversion of organic matter and total phosphorus.

Host ancestry and morphology differentially influence bacterial and fungal community structure of Rhododendron leaves, roots, and soil

Botany ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana S Medeiros ◽  
Michael A Mann ◽  
Jean H. Burns ◽  
Sarah Kyker ◽  
David Burke
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Microbial Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Bulk Soil ◽  
Fungal Community Structure

Rhododendron are popular ornamental plants which are well-known for forming mycorrhizal associations with ericoid fungi, but little is known about how host traits influence their microbiome more broadly. This study investigated leaf, root, rhizosphere soil, and bulk soil bacterial and fungal community structure for 12 Rhododendron species, representing four taxonomic clades with different leaf habits. Samples were collected when ephemeral hair roots colonized by ericoid mycorrhizae were absent, and microbial community structure was compared to leaf and root morphology for the same plants. Root morphology and the fungal communities of roots and rhizosphere soil were primarily structured by host ancestry. Leaf bacterial and fungal communities were even more distinct across clades than for roots or rhizosphere, and microbial communities of leaves and bulk soil were similarly structured by clade-wise differences in leaf morphology, suggesting a role for Rhododendron leaf litter in belowground microbial community structure. This work sheds new light on host traits influencing microbial community structure of ericaceous plants, showing a strong influence of ancestry, but also that different host traits drive bacterial and fungal communities across different plant compartments, suggesting future work on factors that drive similarity among close relatives in the non-ericoid microbes associating with Rhododendron.

scholarly journals Effects of Continuous Cropping of Lilium Lancifolium on Rhizosphere Soil Physical and Chemical Properties and Fungal Community Structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shixia Huang ◽  
Lihao Lin ◽  
Tianyu Zhao ◽  
Yi Yuan ◽  
Yuling Tai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Lilium Lancifolium ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Beneficial Fungi

Abstract Lilium lancifolium is an important economic crop in Huoshan county of Anhui province, China. Continuous cropping obstacles serious affect the yield and quality of L. lancifolium. At present, the effect of the continuous cropping of L. lancifolium on soil fungal community structure is not clear. In this study, Illumina MiSeq was used to study the fungi of the rhizosphere soil associated with L. lancifolium subjected to three treatments: no continuous cropping, continuous cropping for 3 years, and continuous cropping for 5 years. The results showed that continuous cropping of L. lancifolium could increase the fungal richness and diversity in the rhizosphere to different degrees. Ascomycota was the dominant phylum, and its abundance increased after continuous cropping. In addition, the abundance of beneficial fungi, such as Chaetomium, decreased, and the abundance of harmful fungi, such as Fusarium and Colletotrichum, greatly increased with the duration of continuous cropping. Overall, continuous cropping changed the composition of soil fungal communities, reduced the abundance of beneficial fungi, and increased the abundance of harmful fungi. Thus, continuous cropping increased the potential for soil-borne diseases and endangered the bulb growth of L. lancifolium.

scholarly journals Effects of different years of natural recovery of Gastrodia elata on the community structure of bacteria and fungi in rhizosphere soil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Long lan ping Long ◽  
Luo fu lai Luo
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Fungal Community ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
Continuous Cropping ◽  
Gastrodia Elata ◽  
Fungal Community Structure ◽  
Natural Restoration ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

Abstract Background: There are serious obstacles to continuous cropping of Gastrodia elata. After continuous cropping of Gastrodia elata, the yield will be greatly reduced, or even no harvest. Soil nutrients and microorganisms play an important role in it. There are few related studies on the effects of natural restoration of the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata on the structure of soil bacteria and fungi for different years.Results: In this study, a combination of Illumina Miseq library preparation and high-throughput sequencing technology was used. The soil that had not been planted with Gastrodia elata was used as a control to study the characteristics of soil microbial communities in the rhizosphere of Gastrodia elata from 0 to 5 years of natural restoration, and Correlation between soil characteristics and fungal and bacterial communities. The results showed that (1) The dominant bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata are roteobacteria, Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria, and the most important bacterial genera are norank_f_Xanthobacteraceae and Bradyrhizobium. The dominant fungal phyla are Basidiomycota and Ascomycota, and the main fungal genera are Mortierella and Trichoderma. The bacterial and fungal community composition in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata and the soil without Gastrodia elata planted are not much different, but the community structure and relative abundance are quite different. (2) The Chao index, Shannon index and Invsimpson index of Gastrodia elata rhizosphere soil show an increasing trend with the increase of the natural restoration period, indicating that natural restoration for a certain period of time will increase the diversity and abundance of bacteria and fungi in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata Increase. (3) With the increase of the natural restoration period, the total nitrogen and pH content of the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata showed an increasing trend. total nitrogen has the greatest influence on the bacterial community structure, and the influence of pH on the fungal community structure ranks No. Second, in the top three phyla with relative content, total nitrogen is positively correlated with Actinobacteria, and pH is positively correlated with Mortierellomycota.Conclusion: After 3 years of natural restoration, the soil environment gradually returns to normal, and the microbial community tends to balance; in addition, the Spearman rank correlation coefficient analysis shows that total nitrogen has the greatest impact on the bacterial community structure in the rhizosphere soil of Gastrodia elata, and total phosphorus has the greatest impact on the fungal community structure. The results provide a theoretical basis for the development of new type microbial fertilizers and soil amendments for Gastrodia elata to alleviate continuous cropping obstacles.

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