scholarly journals Evaluation of reliability of power distribution components: A case study of Sagamu Substation, Ogun State

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 065-074
Author(s):  
Elijah Adebayo Olajuyin ◽  
Eniola Olubakinde
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Reliability Theory ◽  
Circuit Breakers ◽  
Earth Fault ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Surge Arresters

Power system especially the distribution system which is the closest to the consumer is very fundamental and important to a nation’s economy development and that was the reason this study titled “Evaluation of reliability of power system distribution components, a case study of Sagamu Substation, Ogun State” was carried out in response to the yawning of the consumer for reliable and stable power supply. It is indispensable to find means of shaping which component failure contributes most to the unavailability, outage or interruption of the distribution system, and how this unavailability essentially affects the customers. A year power outages data that caused as a result of failure on each of these components such as Switch gears, Supply lines (11Kv),Busbar, circuit breakers, Fuses, Switches, Outgoings feeders, Over current relays, Earth fault relays, Surge arresters, transformers e.t.c. were collected from Ibadan Electricity Distribution company (IBDEC), Sagamu Substation Zone, Ogun State and were typified in Table 1-11.The failure rate (f/yr) (λ) of transformer, switch gear, supply line (incoming),bus bars, circuit breakers, fuses, switches, outgoing feeder, over current relay, earth fault relay and surge arrester were evaluated as follows 0.0059, 0.0044, 0.0011, 0.6667, 0.0007, 0.0082, 0.0000, 0.0039, 0.0003, 0.0001 and 0.0000 respectively and others such as average outages time (hours) ,outages time hours and other basic reliability indices were calculated and illustrated in Table 12. Some of these failures were also represented in bar chart. This method relates reliability theory with the experience gained from statistics and practical knowledge of components failures and maintenance. The findings from this work revealed that fuses had the highest failure followed by transformers and the least was surge arresters and it was also discovered that the outages time was reduced during the December period. This approach can be applied to rural and urban distribution systems. This submission made reliability theory a powerful tool to assist distribution Engineers in solving difficult and complicated problems.

scholarly journals Flexibility Enhancement in an Islanded Distribution Power System by Online Demand-Side Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 217 ◽  
pp. 01020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margarita Chulyukova ◽  
Nikolai Voropai
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Load Shedding ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Islanded Operation

The paper considers the possibilities of increasing the flexibility of power distribution systems by real-time load management. The principles of the implementation of special automatic systems for this purpose are proposed. These systems enable some loads of specific consumers of the power distribution system switched to islanded operation to “shift” from the daily maximum to the minimum, which makes some generators available to connect certain essential consumers disconnected earlier by under-frequency load shedding system to the power system. The approach under consideration is illustrated by a power system with distributed generation.

scholarly journals A Unified Theory of Neutral Grounding Methods in Power Distribution Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Earth Fault ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distribution Field

The neutral grounding in power distribution system is an important aspect for earth fault protection, power supply reliability and safety. The performance varies greatly with different grounding methods by which the protective effect presents various results with identical impedance of single phase earth fault. Arguments for better neutral protection has been continued in the distribution field for decades, unfortunately, there is still not a conclusion due to the discussions lacking of a unified modelling or theory of neutral groundings. Thus, the understanding of neutral grounding in most countries differs considerably. Surprisingly solid/isolated grounding in some countries is still considered as a mainstream grounding method in today’s distribution grids, likewise, some utilities are still persisting on adopting resistance grounding to pursue to improve detection sensitivity and reliability, and so on. In this paper, a unified theory is proposed to shed light on the neutral groundings within one unprecedented modelling by which neutral groundings can be compared and evaluated quantitatively for the first time in the history of power distribution field perhaps.

scholarly journals An iterative observer approach to harmonic estimation for multiple measurements in power distribution systems

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 599-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Awajiokiche Ujile ◽  
Zhengtao Ding ◽  
Haiyu Li
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Power Electronic ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Nonlinear Loads ◽  
Mathematical Basis

In the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the use of power electronic components in the design of household and industrial equipment. The use of power electronic based renewable energy resources, electric vehicles and other residential nonlinear loads may result in significant increases in injection levels of harmonics across a power system. Hence, it is important for utility companies to ascertain the exact harmonic levels present in terms of the amplitude and phase of each harmonic order. This paper provides a mathematical basis for distribution system state-space equations to formulate an iterative observer, which can simultaneously estimate harmonics present in a number of measurements taken from the power system. The method not only improves the computation time and provides real-time data for harmonic monitoring, but also performs wide area harmonic estimation for harmonic observability. Simulations and comparisons are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed method against that obtained using a Kalman filter and fast Fourier transform (FFT). A number of scenarios such as measurement noise and change in amplitude of harmonic injections are simulated to verify the accuracy of the proposed approach and the results are included.

scholarly journals A Unified Theory of Neutral Grounding Methods in Power Distribution Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Earth Fault ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distribution Field

<p>The neutral grounding in power distribution system is an important aspect for earth fault protection, power supply reliability and safety. The performance varies greatly with different grounding methods by which the protective effect presents various results with identical impedance of single phase earth fault. Arguments for better neutral protection has been continued in the distribution field for decades, unfortunately, there is still not a conclusion due to the discussions lacking of a unified modelling or theory of neutral groundings. Thus, the understanding of neutral grounding in most countries differs considerably. Surprisingly solid/isolated grounding in some countries is still considered as a mainstream grounding method in today’s distribution grids, likewise, some utilities are still persisting on adopting resistance grounding to pursue to improve detection sensitivity and reliability, and so on. In this paper, a unified theory is proposed to shed light on the neutral groundings within one unprecedented modelling by which neutral groundings can be compared and evaluated quantitatively for the first time in the history of power distribution field perhaps.</p>

scholarly journals A Unified Theory of Neutral Grounding Methods in Power Distribution Systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yubo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Unified Theory ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Earth Fault ◽  
History Of ◽  
Distribution Field

<p>The neutral grounding in power distribution system is an important aspect for earth fault protection, power supply reliability and safety. The performance varies greatly with different grounding methods by which the protective effect presents various results with identical impedance of single phase earth fault. Arguments for better neutral protection has been continued in the distribution field for decades, unfortunately, there is still not a conclusion due to the discussions lacking of a unified modelling or theory of neutral groundings. Thus, the understanding of neutral grounding in most countries differs considerably. Surprisingly solid/isolated grounding in some countries is still considered as a mainstream grounding method in today’s distribution grids, likewise, some utilities are still persisting on adopting resistance grounding to pursue to improve detection sensitivity and reliability, and so on. In this paper, a unified theory is proposed to shed light on the neutral groundings within one unprecedented modelling by which neutral groundings can be compared and evaluated quantitatively for the first time in the history of power distribution field perhaps.</p>

scholarly journals Vulnerability Assessment of Components in a Typical Rural Nigerian Power Distribution System

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-46
Author(s):  
A. E. Omoroghomwan ◽  
S. O. Igbinovia ◽  
F. O. Odiase
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
High Exposure ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Surge Arresters ◽  
Design Construction

The major aim of any power system is the continuous provision of safe, quality and reliable electric power to the customers. One of the greatest challenges to meeting up with this goal is the failure of components in the system. In this article, the frequency of outages caused by failure of different components in the distribution system was investigated to ascertain the ones that are more susceptible to failure by comparing their proportions in the entire failure events. The outage data obtained from Irrua Transmission Station comprising Ehor, Ubiaja and Uzebba 33kV feeders were analyzed using Microsoft Excel while the hazard rates were measured using the failure rate index. Findings revealed that 93.77% of all the forced outages in the distribution subsystem in the power sector are caused by the high exposure rate of the bare aluminum conductors used in the construction of the various overhead feeders. Subsequently, the yearly failure rates of aluminum conductors, cross arms, relay, insulators, fuses, electric poles, breakers, transformers, isolators, cables lightning surge arresters were found to be 836.0, 17.5, 17.0, 10.3, 4.3, 2.0, 1.5, 1.3, 1.0, 0.5 and 0.3 respectively in the studied network. A comparison between this study and a related work showed that the rural feeders are more prone to faults as compared to the ones in the urban areas. It was therefore recommended that regular tree trimming along the network corridor should be done. Proper conductor size should be used in every subsequent construction and every segment with undersized conductor should be replaced with the appropriate size. This study will help the power system engineers in the design, construction, maintenance and operation of the distribution power system for optimum and improved system performance.

Unit Template Based Control of PV-DSTATCOM

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Gunjan Varshney ◽  
Durg S. Chauhan ◽  
Madhukar P. Dave ◽  
Nitin
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Factor ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Phase Distribution ◽  
Voltage Regulation ◽  
Photovoltaic Array ◽  
Quality Issues ◽  
Static Compensator

Background: In modern electrical power distribution systems, Power Quality has become an important concern due to the escalating use of automatic, microprocessor and microcontroller based end user applications. Methods: In this paper, power quality improvement has done using Photovoltaic based Distribution Static Compensator (PV-DSTATCOM). Complete simulation modelling and control of Photovoltaic based Distribution Static Compensator have been provided in the presented paper. In this configuration, DSTATCOM is fed by solar photovoltaic array and PV module is also helpful to maintain the DC link voltage. The switching of PV-STATCOM is controlled by Unit template based control theory. Results: The performance of PV-DSTATCOM has been evaluated for Unity Power Factor (UPF) and AC Voltage Control (ACVC) modes. Here, for studying the power quality issues three-phase distribution system is considered and results have been verified through simulation based on MATLAB software. Conclusion: Different power quality issues and their improvement are studied and presented here for harmonic reduction, DC voltage regulation and power factor correction.

scholarly journals A Game-Theoretic Loss Allocation Approach in Power Distribution Systems with High Penetration of Distributed Generations

Mathematics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 158
Author(s):  
Farzaneh Pourahmadi ◽  
Payman Dehghanian
Keyword(s):  
Power Systems ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Systems ◽  
Power Distribution Systems ◽  
Loss Allocation ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
High Penetration ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Allocation Approach

Allocation of the power losses to distributed generators and consumers has been a challenging concern for decades in restructured power systems. This paper proposes a promising approach for loss allocation in power distribution systems based on a cooperative concept of game-theory, named Shapley Value allocation. The proposed solution is a generic approach, applicable to both radial and meshed distribution systems as well as those with high penetration of renewables and DG units. With several different methods for distribution system loss allocation, the suggested method has been shown to be a straight-forward and efficient criterion for performance comparisons. The suggested loss allocation approach is numerically investigated, the results of which are presented for two distribution systems and its performance is compared with those obtained by other methodologies.

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