scholarly journals Osteoporosis and lifestyle medicine

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-165
Author(s):  
Arjun Bharat Mahadik ◽  
Ashok Bhimrao Giri ◽  
Akshay Sonaji Bhambre ◽  
Swapnil Ashok Mundhe ◽  
Ramdas D. Shinde
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Primary Osteoporosis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Average Value ◽  
T Score

Osteoporosis is a major public health threat in this 21st century. It has high prevalence among postmenopausal women & elder patients (age > 60 years). It is a skeletal disorder characterized by compromised bone strength and suffer having greater chances of fractures. Osteoporosis is a condition where bones became weak & brittle that may increase chances of fracture in the patients. According to the WHO criteria, osteoporosis is defined as a bone mineral density (BMD) that lies 2.5 standard deviations or more below the average value for young healthy women (a T-score of <-2.5 SD). Osteoporosis is occurs due to too much bone mineral density is decreased that results into the changes in the structure of bone. Etiological factors includes advanced age, sex (women > male), sedentary lifestyle, minimal/ absence of sun exposure, smoking, alcohol consumption, hormonal imbalance and disease conditions such as diabetes, malignancies (multiple myeloma, lymphoma, leukemia). The diagnosis of condition must be confirmed by using spine dual energy X- ray absorptiometry (DXA) with WHO T-score thresholds. Osteopenia or low bone mass is having T-score of –1 to -2.4 & on the basis of T score, it will be classified in to two types that is primary and secondary osteoporosis. Primary osteoporosis more common in disease such as postmenopausal osteoporosis (type1) and senile osteoporosis (type2). It has severe morbid consequences, the prevention and management of this condition and associated fractures is considered to the essential to the maintenance of health status or quality of life (QoL) of patient. Patient can prevent to suffer from this condition by applying various tools of lifestyle medicines i.e. staying physically active or doing weight bearing exercises. Smoking cessation, moderate alcohol consumption are also became major approaches to manage or prevent occurrence of condition. Nutritious diet rich in calcium, vitamin D, Vitamin A, Vitamin C and other nutrition also play a key role in the management or prevention of disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of association of fragility fracture and bone mineral density in Nepalese population

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-134
Author(s):  
Md. Farid Amanullah ◽  
BP Shrestha ◽  
GP Khanal ◽  
NK Karna ◽  
S Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fragility Fracture ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Medical Illness ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Study Results

Background: Fragility fractures are one of the major health problems. Many factors are associated with it some of which are modifiable and some are not. If we know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs and associated factors responsible for fragility fracture than we will be able to control this burden to the society. The objective of this study is to determine association between fragility fracture and bone mineral density (BMD) using bone densitometry and to know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs. Methods: Patients presenting to B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences with fragility fracture of distal end of radius, fracture around hip and vertebral fractures were included in the study to know the value of T-score at which fragility fracture occurs and their associated risk factor. Patients less than 50 years of age, high energy trauma fracture and pathological fractures were excluded from the study. Results: We found that being multipara, smoking, alcohol consumption, post-hysterectomized patients and steroid intake had significant association with fragility fracture. There was no association with religion, geographic location, associated medical illness, age, sex, associated injury and site of injury. Conclusion: The patients with risk factor for fragility fracture like smoking, alcohol consumption, multipara women, post-hysterectomized women and those who are on long term steroid therapy should undergo BMD test and the value at -3.254 are prone to fragility fracture and should be treated accordingly. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 02 | Number 02 | July-December 2013 | Page 130-134 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v2i2.8956

Lean Body Mass and Weight-Bearing Activity in the Prediction of Bone Mineral Density in Physically Active Men

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Scott Rector ◽  
Robert Rogers ◽  
Meghan Ruebel ◽  
Matthew O Widzer ◽  
Pamela S Hinton
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active

scholarly journals Bone Mineral Density and Jumping Height in Pre-Menarcheal and Post-Menarcheal Physically Active Girls

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (82) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Gruodytė ◽  
Toivo Jürimäe
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Femoral Neck ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Bone Adaptation ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Vertical Jumps

Research background and hypothesis. Jumping ability correlates well with different bone values. The skeletal benefits of high-impact weight-bearing exercise have been shown to be greater when training is started prior to menarche. We hypothesized that significant differences would be apparent in the relationships between bone values and jumping height in favor of the girls’ prior menarche compared to post-menarcheal group. Research aim. The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between jumping height and bone mineral density (BMD) in pre-menarcheal and post-menarcheal physically active girls. Research  methods.  In  total,  113  adolescent  girls  from  different  competitive  extramural  athletic  programs participated in this study. Femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD were measured. The heights of vertical jumps (i. e. countermovement jump (CMJ) and rebound jumps for 15 (RJ  15 s) and 30 (RJ  30 s) seconds) were obtained.Research results. After adjusting for major confounders (i. e. age, height, and body mass), the height of rebound jumps correlated only with femoral neck BMD and only in pre-menarcheal group (r = 0.37–0.46; p < 0.05). No correlations were found between BMD variables and jumping height in post-menarcheal girls. The height of CMJ did not correlate with measured BMD variables in the studied groups.Discussion and conclusions. Early puberty is an opportune period to increase bone adaptation to mechanical loading due to the velocity of bone growth and endocrine changes at this time. We suggest that powerful repetitive vertical jumping may be more beneficial to bone health compared to single jumping activities in physically active girls prior to menarche rather than after it.Keywords: bone health, vertical jumps, puberty.

Effect of alcohol consumption on bone mineral density and hormonal parameters in physically active male soldiers

Bone ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana K. Venkat ◽  
Murli M. Arora ◽  
Parduman Singh ◽  
Meena Desai ◽  
Ikram Khatkhatay
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Physically Active

scholarly journals SAT0454 EARLY CLINICAL EFFICACY OF ROMOSOZUMAB IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND PRIMARY OSTEOPOROSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1184.1-1185
Author(s):  
Y. Kanayama ◽  
R. Sugimoto
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Primary Osteoporosis ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
Tracp 5B ◽  
Turnover Markers

Background:Romosozumab (ROM), a monoclonal antibody that binds sclerostin, increases bone formation and decreases bone resorption. And although it is a novel therapeutic agent for osteoporosis, which has shown high effects of increasing bone density and inhibiting fragile fracture in overseas clinical trials. However the clinical efficacy in daily clinical practice is unknown.Objectives:To evaluate the early clinical efficacy of ROM in patients with osteoporosis between rheumatoid arthritis (RA-OP) and primary osteoporosis (P-OP) for 6 months.Methods:RA patients diagnosed according to the 2010 ACR/EULAR criteria. RA-OP and P-OP patients met at least one of the following criteria were eligible; a bone mineral density T score of -2,5 or less at the lumber spine or total hip and either one or more moderate or severe vertebral fractures or two or more mild vertebral fractures. All patients were initiated ROM from between March and June, 2019. The total number of patients was 15 cases, including 8 RA-OP and 7 P-OP. All patients received continuous ROM therapy more than 6 months. The DMB dose was 210mg at once every 1 months. In all cases native or activated vitamin D has been used. We reviewed the results for 6 months about the increase and decrease of bone mineral density (BMD) of lumbar spine(LS) and total hip(TH) by DEXA and bone turnover markers, intact n-terminal propeptide type I procollagen(PINP) and tartrate-resistant acid phopshatate form 5b(TRACP-5b).Results:The gender was all female. The mean age was 71.8 ± 8.7; disease duration of RA-OP patients was 23.0 ± 15.1 years; the body mass index was 19.9 ± 3.2 and the FRAX was 32.5 ± 14.9. Clinical findings related to RA-OP at baseline were as follows; CRP 0.97 ± 0.77; DAS-CRP 3.22 ± 0.41; HAQ 1.41 ± 0.94 in RA-OP patients and in the all patients, bone turnover markers and bone mineral density at baseline were as follows; P1NP 72.2 ± 39.8; TRACP-5b 539 ± 212; LS-BMD and T-score 0.80 ± 0.20 g/cm2and -2.75 ± 1.36 and TH-BMD 0.55 ± 0.07 g/cm2and -3.18 ± 0.55 g/cm2. The rate of increased P1NP from baseline to 1, 3 and 6 months were each -96.8 ± 80.8% at 1 month, 106.8 ± 115.6% at 3 month and 90.7 ± 115.7% at 6 month and decreased TRAC-5b were -20.4 ± 20.6% at 1 month, -80.8 ± 19.6% at 3 month and -1.8 ± 50.8% at 6 month. The rate of increased LS-BMD from baseline to 6 months were 11.0 ± 8.0% and TH-BMD were 5.3 ± 3.8% (Fig. 1, 2).Conclusion:Early clinical efficacy of ROM for RA-OP and P-OP was extremely effective and has the high potential to be an important option in the treatment of osteoporosis.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

scholarly journals Bone mineral density assessment by DXA in rheumatic patients with end-stage osteoarthritis undergoing total joint arthroplasty

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moritz Mühlenfeld ◽  
André Strahl ◽  
Ulrich Bechler ◽  
Nico Maximilian Jandl ◽  
Jan Hubert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Rheumatic Diseases ◽  
Total Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Joint Destruction ◽  
Joint Arthroplasty ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
T Score ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Rheumatic Patients

Abstract Background Patients with rheumatic diseases have a high risk for joint destruction and secondary osteoarthritis (OA) as well as low bone mineral density (BMD, i.e., osteoporosis). While several factors may lead to low BMD in these patients, the value of BMD measurements in rheumatic patients with end-stage OA scheduled for total joint arthroplasty is unknown. Methods In this retrospective cross-sectional study of 50 adults with secondary OA due to rheumatic diseases, we evaluated dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measurements of both hips and the spine performed within 3 months prior to arthroplasty (n = 25 total hip arthroplasty, THA; n = 25 total knee arthroplasty, TKA). We analyzed various demographic and disease-specific characteristics and their effect on DXA results by using group comparisons and multivariate linear regression models. Results Although patients undergoing TKA were younger (63.2 ± 14.2 vs. 71.0 ± 10.8 yr., p = 0.035), osteoporosis was observed more frequently in patients scheduled for TKA than THA (32% vs. 12%). Osteopenia was detected in 13/25 patients (52%) in both the THA and TKA cohort. In the THA cohort, female sex, lower BMI and prednisolone use were associated with lower T-score in the hip. In TKA patients, higher OA grade determined by Kellgren-Lawrence score was associated with lower T-score in the hip of the affected side. Conclusions Osteoporosis is present in a considerable frequency of rheumatic patients with end-stage OA, and THA and TKA patients show distinct frequencies and risk factors of low BMD. Our findings point to a potential value of DXA regarding preoperative evaluation of bone status.

Non-weight-bearing effect of trunk and peripheral fat mass on bone mineral density in pre- and post-menopausal women

Maturitas ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 60 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 244-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko Kuwahata ◽  
Yukie Kawamura ◽  
Yukie Yonehara ◽  
Takashi Matsuo ◽  
Ichiro Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Post Menopausal

scholarly journals High systemic bone mineral density increases the risk of incident knee OA and joint space narrowing, but not radiographic progression of existing knee OA: the MOST study

2009 ◽  
Vol 69 (01) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
M C Nevitt ◽  
Y Zhang ◽  
M K Javaid ◽  
T Neogi ◽  
J R Curtis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Joint Space Narrowing ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Joint Space ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Knee Oa ◽  
Increased Risk

Objectives:Previous studies suggest that high systemic bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with incident knee osteoarthritis (OA) defined by osteophytes but not with joint space narrowing (JSN), and are inconsistent regarding BMD and progression of existing OA. The association of BMD with incident and progressive tibiofemoral OA was tested in a large prospective study of men and women aged 50–79 years with or at risk for knee OA.Methods:Baseline and 30-month weight-bearing posteroanterior and lateral knee radiographs were scored for Kellgren-Lawrence (K-L) grade, JSN and osteophytes. Incident OA was defined as the development of K-L grade ⩾2 at follow-up. All knees were classified for increases in grade of JSN and osteophytes from baseline. The association of gender-specific quartiles of baseline BMD with risk of incident and progressive OA was analysed using logistic regression, adjusting for covariates.Results:The mean (SD) age of 1754 subjects was 63.2 (7.8) years and body mass index was 29.9 (5.4) kg/m2. In knees without baseline OA, higher femoral neck and whole body BMD were associated with an increased risk of incident OA and increases in grade of JSN and osteophytes (p<0.01 for trends); adjusted odds were 2.3–2.9-fold greater in the highest compared with the lowest BMD quartiles. In knees with existing OA, progression was not significantly related to BMD.Conclusions:In knees without OA, higher systemic BMD was associated with a greater risk of the onset of JSN and K-L grade ⩾2. The role of systemic BMD in early knee OA pathogenesis warrants further investigation.

93 Does Spinal Bone Mineral Density Predict An Absolute 10 Year Probability of Sustaining A Major Osteoporotic Fracture

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. i12-i42
Author(s):  
A Nandi ◽  
N Obiechina ◽  
A Timperley ◽  
F Al-Khalidi
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Osteoporotic Fracture ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Fragility Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Major Osteoporotic Fracture ◽  
T Score ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Introduction Spine and hip bone mineral density (BMD) have previously been shown to predict the risk of sustaining future fractures. Although these have been shown in population studies, there is a paucity of trials looking at the relationship between BMD and 10 year probability of major osteoporotic fractures (Using FRAX UK without BMD) in patients with previous fragility fractures. Aims To evaluate the correlation between spinal T-score and an absolute 10 year probability of sustaining a major osteoporotic fracture (using FRAX without BMD) in patients with prior fragility fractures. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 202 patients (29 males and 173 females) with prior fragility fractures attending a fracture prevention clinic between January and August 2019 was performed. Patients with pathological and high impact traumatic fractures were excluded. The BMD at the spine was determined using the lowest T-score of the vertebrae from L1 to L4. Using the FRAX (UK) without BMD, the absolute 10 year probability of sustaining a major osteoporotic fracture was calculated for each patient. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26 software. Results The mean T-score at the spine was −1.15 (SD +/− 1.90) for all patients, −0.68 (SD +/− 0.45) for males and − 1.23 (SD +/− 0.14) for females. The mean FRAX score without BMD for major osteoporotic fracture was 18.5% (SD +/− 8.84) for all patients, 11.41% (SD +/−0.62) and 19.7% (SD +/−0.68) for males and females respectively. Pearson correlation coefficient showed a statistically significant, slightly negative correlation between spinal T- score and the FRAX (UK) without BMD (r = −0.157; p &lt; 0.05). Correlation was not statistically significant when males (r = 0.109; p = 0.59) and females (r = 0.148; p = 0.053) were considered independently. Conclusion In patients with prior fragility fracture spinal BMD has a statistically significant negative correlation with an absolute 10 year probability of sustaining a major osteoporotic fracture.

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