scholarly journals Sustainability assessment of building life cycle costing: A case study of Calabar International Conference Center

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Godwin Adie Akeke ◽  
Melody Sunday Osok ◽  
Clifford Ugochukwu Nwoji
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
International Conference ◽  
Conference Center ◽  
Building Life Cycle

This work presents a study of sustainability assessment of building life cycle (LCC). The analysis was conducted, information model developed. The LCC analysis was forecast for 50 years with the following discount rates 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 13%. The result showed, the lower the discount rates the higher the cost value and via vasa. The product of net present value (NPV) is > 0, indicating a significant benefit at the end of the study period. The construction cost was 73% of the total forecast costs of the building while operation, maintenance/repair, replacement and decommissioning cost ranks 2%, 8%, 13% and 4% respectively of the building costs. The total forecast life cycle costs ranked 30.24% of the construction cost. The energy costs contributed 54.78% of the total forecast cost. The energy costs were the most cost incurring factor, the use of alternative sources of power supply such as solar will serve as the best and more cost friendly alternative source of energy. The decommissioning costs at the end of CICC building life cycle stand at ₦355,807,000. The study explains a practical analysis on how a life cycle costing of Calabar International Conference Center project was analysed and forecast for a period of 50 years using different discount rates.

scholarly journals Sustainability Assessment with Integrated Circular Economy Principles: A Toy Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 3856
Author(s):  
Rebeka Kovačič Lukman ◽  
Vasja Omahne ◽  
Damjan Krajnc
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Social Impacts ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Social Life Cycle Assessment

When considering the sustainability of production processes, research studies usually emphasise environmental impacts and do not adequately address economic and social impacts. Toy production is no exception when it comes to assessing sustainability. Previous research on toys has focused solely on assessing environmental aspects and neglected social and economic aspects. This paper presents a sustainability assessment of a toy using environmental life cycle assessment, life cycle costing, and social life cycle assessment. We conducted an inventory analysis and sustainability impact assessment of the toy to identify the hotspots of the system. The main environmental impacts are eutrophication, followed by terrestrial eco-toxicity, acidification, and global warming. The life cycle costing approach examined the economic aspect of the proposed design options for toys, while the social assessment of the alternative designs revealed social impacts along the product life cycle. In addition, different options based on the principles of the circular economy were analysed and proposed in terms of substitution of materials and shortening of transport distances for the toy studied.

scholarly journals Life Cycle Costing in Sustainability Assessment—A Case Study of Remanufactured Alternators

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (11) ◽  
pp. 2268-2288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin M. Schau ◽  
Marzia Traverso ◽  
Annekatrin Lehmann ◽  
Matthias Finkbeiner
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Costing

scholarly journals Analysis of different impact rates on the forecasts cost of building project using sensitivity analysis techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 040-051
Author(s):  
Godwin Adie Akeke ◽  
Melody Sunday Osok
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Discount Rates ◽  
Discounted Cost ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Initial Cost ◽  
Building Project

Over the years, Life Cycle Costing (LCC) has been recognized and used as an important technique for evaluating, forecasting and discounting the future costs of building to the present day value, from conception, design to completion, operation, maintenance, down to decommissioning. This work presents a study of Analysis on different discount rate of the forecasts cost of building project using sensitivity analysis techniques, the case study being Calabar International Conference Center (CICC) building project. Life cycle cost analysis was conducted and forecast for 51 years using Net present value (NPV) with the following discount rates 4%, 5%, 6%, 8%, 10%, 12% and 13% respectively. Results showed that the lower the discount rates, the higher the cost value and via vasa. The building had a positive value >0 indicating a significant benefit at the end of the study period. The percentage contribution of the discount rate on the initial cost, salvage value and the life cycle cost indicates that at 4% the initial cost accounted for 85% of the discounted cost, life cycle cost 13% and salvage value 2%. The salvage value recorded 0% at 12% and 13% discount rate The higher the discount rates the higher the discounted initial cost and the lower the life cycle cost.

scholarly journals Original Model for Estimating the Whole Life Costs of Buildings and its Verification

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Plebankiewicz ◽  
K. Zima ◽  
D. Wieczorek
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Life Cycle Costs ◽  
Present Value ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Risk Effect ◽  
Comparison Of The Results ◽  
Building Life Cycle

Abstract The model for estimating the whole life costs of the building life cycle that allows the quantification of the risk addition lets the investor to compare buildings at the initial stage of planning a construction project in terms of the following economic criteria: life cycle costs (LCC), whole life costs (WLC), life cycle equivalent annual costs (LCEAC) and cost addition for risk (ΔRLCC). The subsequent stages of the model development have been described in numerous publications of the authors, while the aim of this paper is to check the accuracy of the model in the case of changing the parameters that may affect the results of calculations. The scope of the study includes: comparison of the results generated by the model with the solutions obtained in the life cycle net present value method (LCNPV) for time and financial input data, not burdened with the risk effect; the analysis of the variability of results due to changes in input data; analysis of the variability of results as a consequence of changing the sets of membership functions for input data and methods for defuzzification the result.

EU Approaches to Unification of Methodologies for Determination of Building Object Life Cycle Costing

2014 ◽  
Vol 1044-1045 ◽  
pp. 1863-1867 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Kuda ◽  
Eva Wernerova Berankova
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Investment Project ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
The World ◽  
Building Life Cycle ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Determination

The paper is focused on questions of building life cycle costing determination (LCC). Current situation concerning the LCC determination in the world is analysed and it is stated here what documents deal with these questions and at the same time also the ISO 15 686 standpoint is stated here. To point out to the importance of the cost determination in this field which is born already with investment project preparation is the aim of this paper.

Value Creation and Cost Management by Use of the New ISO 15663 Life Cycle Costing Standard

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Endre Willmann ◽  
Runar Østebø ◽  
Eduardo H. R. Montalvao
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Value Creation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Cycle Phase ◽  
Life Cycle Phase

Abstract The new edition of the ISO 15663 standard has been developed during the recent years and will strengthen the industry cost management for business value creation. This paper shows how such standardization can be used to further enhance and promote adoption of a common and consistent approach to life cycle costing in the offshore oil and gas industry. The new ISO 15663 edition maintains key principles from previous editions, but does also introduce an improved and revised management methodology for application of life cycle costing. The purpose is to provide decision support for selecting between alternative options (e.g., projects, operational and technical subject matters) across life cycle phases, also aligned with overall corporate business objectives such as HSE and sustainability. It also provides the means of identifying cost drivers and a framework for value optimization over the entire life of an asset. The international standard is providing an essential set of normative requirements on how to implement and apply the life cycle costing methodology and the decision criteria, supported by an exhaustive part of recommended practices. This includes the identification of common and specific contractual considerations for operators, contractors and vendors (e.g., complementary metrics besides expenditure, such as systems availability guarantee and risk-sharing clauses). It also includes the application in the life cycle phases of an asset, the techniques and data input, examples of application, and assessment and lessons learnt. Capital expenditure (CAPEX), operating expenditure (OPEX), revenue and lost revenue (LOSTREV) factors are addressed. The standard includes an unambiguous definition of the economic objectives of a project and application of the same business criteria when making major engineering decisions. The life cycle costing methodology is applicable to all asset decisions in any life cycle phase, but should be applied only when expected to add value for decision-support. The required extent of planning and management of the appropriate life cycle costing is depending on the magnitude of the costs involved, the potential value that can be created and the life cycle phase. This paper demonstrates how the new ISO 15663 can be utilized by providing new examples of life cycle costing, to give all participants in the process — oil and gas operators, contractors and vendors — an up-to-date and streamlined set of requirements and guidance, encouraging a fit for purpose application. The paper does also present unique key economic evaluation measures such as life cycle cost (LCC) and net present value (NPV).

scholarly journals An Integrated Assessment of the Sustainability of Green and Built-up Roofs

2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Muga ◽  
Amlan Mukherjee ◽  
James Mihelcic
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Green Roof ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Material Extraction

There is growing demand to develop methods that integrate environmental and economic assessment of more sustainable technologies incorporated into commercial and residential buildings. In this paper, we incorporate economic and energy use data obtained for a green roof operating in the Midwest U.S. at latitude 42.94N into an integrated approach to estimate and compare the economic and environmental impacts of an intensive (or extensive) green roof with a built-up roof. The life cycle stages included in the analysis were material acquisition life stage which including the transportation effects from material extraction through manufacturing to the finished products, and the use and maintenance life stage of the building. Environmental impact analysis indicates that green roof emits three times more environmental pollutants than built-up roofs in the material acquisition life stage. However, in the use and maintenance life stage, built-up roof emits three times more pollutants than a green roof. Overall, when emissions from both material acquisition life stage and use and maintenance life stage are combined, the built-up roof contributes almost 3 times more (or 46% more) environmental emissions than green roof over a 45-year building life span. Furthermore the overall energy use, specifically energy involved in the transportation from material extraction through to the finished product indicate that green roof uses 2.5 times less energy than a built-up roof. An Economic Input and Output life cycle assessment (EIO-LCA) was used to estimate the environmental impacts. The economic impact over an assumed 45-year building life was determined using life cycle costing, taking into account Net Present Value (NPV) calculations. Life cycle costing results indicate that green roof costs approximately 50% less to maintain over a 45 year-building life than a built-up roof. A Monte Carlo simulation is also performed to account for any variability in cost data. In addition, the paper presents a method to quantify the value incentive that a decision-maker has in adopting green technology. Results from the study indicate that when a green roof is compared to the Midwest regional NPV of a built-up roof, we find that the cost to maintain it ($35 per square foot) lies well below the average regional NPV of $59 per square foot of a built-up roof.

scholarly journals Visualization of the Sustainability Level of Crude Palm Oil Production: A Life Cycle Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1607
Author(s):  
Najat Omran ◽  
Amir Hamzah Sharaai ◽  
Ahmad Hariza Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Social Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle Approach ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

The Malaysian palm oil is an important source of social development and economic growth in the country. Nevertheless, it has been accused of conducting unsustainable practices that may affect the sustainability of this industry. Thus, this study aims to identify the level of sustainability of crude palm oil (CPO) production. Environmental impacts were assessed using the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standardized life cycle assessment (LCA). Economic impacts were evaluated using life cycle costing (LCC). Social impact assessment was identified based on the UNEP/SETAC Guidelines for social life cycle assessment (S-LCA). Life cycle sustainability assessment (LCSA) was used to combine three methods: LCA, life cycle costing (LCC) and S-LCA using the scoring system method. Finally, a presentation technique was developed to visualize the LCSA results. The results show that crude palm oil production requires more improvement to be a sustainable product. The study feasibly enables the decision-makers to understand the significant environmental, economic, and social hotspots during the crude palm oil production process in order to promote palm oil production.

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