scholarly journals The Effect Of Particle Size On The Characterization Of Activated Carbon From Tropical Black Bamboo (Gigantochloa Atroviolacea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 99
Author(s):  
Envrinda Arief Fauzia ◽  
Herry Purnama
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Common Term ◽  
Effect Of Particle Size ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

Activated carbon also known as activated charcoal is a common term for carbon materials, which comprises charcoal. Activated carbon has a good adsorption capacity against gases and pollutants in liquids because of its wide surface. The material used in this research was tropical black bamboo, with the variation of particle size -10+20 mesh, -20+40 mesh, -40+60 mesh and -60+80 mesh.  There are 2 processes to produce activated carbon, i.e. carbonation and activation. In this research, the carbonation is set at 380°C in 1 hour. Then, each size of carbon was activated by H3PO4 9.8% along 24 hours. The analysis conducted were moisture content, ash content, iodine number, and functional group analysis using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The smaller particle size, the more pores will be produced and it caused the surface area higher. The results showed that variation of particle size had effect on the characterization and quality of activated carbon, where moisture content is between 10.60 to 4.05%, ash content is 1% to 0.2% and iodine adsorption is between 710 mg/g to 900 mg/g. In FTIR analysis, it showed that all of the samples had O-H, C=C, and C-O functional group.

scholarly journals Biosynthesis and Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles with Extract of Green Seaweed Caulerpa sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Rodiah Nurbaya Sari ◽  
Nanda Saridewi ◽  
Shofwatunnisa Shofwatunnisa
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Reduction Method ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Green Seaweed ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

Biosynthesis and characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles by the reduction method have been performed. This study aims to determine the ability of Caulerpa sp. as a reducing agent and stabilizer. Extract Caulerpa sp. was reacted with Zn(CH3COO)2.2H2O solution in variation concentration of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.15 M and the pH of the solution was conditioned with NaOH 0.1 M added became 7, 8, 9. Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles was performed for functional group analysis (FTIR), surface morphology and particle distribution (SEM), knowing the phase type (XRD), and particle size and particle size (PSA). The result of phase analysis by XRD shows that the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using green seaweed extract Caulerpa sp. has been successfully performed with the formation of the optimum ZnO nanoparticles 0.15 M at pH 8. The ZnO nanoparticles had a relatively similar particle size distribution with an average particle size of 370.72 nm. Based on FTIR results it was known that the compound suspected to act as a bioreductor and stabilizer agent in the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles was a protein

scholarly journals Characterization of the organic composition of aerosols from Rondônia, Brazil, during the LBA-SMOCC 2002 experiment and its representation through model compounds

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 375-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Decesari ◽  
S. Fuzzi ◽  
M. C. Facchini ◽  
M. Mircea ◽  
L. Emblico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Individual Compound ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

Abstract. The chemical composition of carbonaceous aerosols collected during the LBA-SMOCC field experiment, conducted in Rondônia, Brazil, in 2002 during the transition from the dry to the wet season, was investigated by a suite of state-of-the-art analytical techniques. The period of most intense biomass burning was characterized by high concentrations of submicron particles rich in carbonaceous material and water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC). At the onset of the rainy period, submicron total carbon (TC) concentrations decreased by about 20 times. In contrast, the concentration of supermicron TC was fairly constant throughout the experiment, pointing to a constant emission of coarse particles from the natural background. About 6–8% of TC (9–11% of WSOC) was speciated at the molecular level by GC-MS and liquid chromatography. Polyhydroxylated compounds, aliphatic and aromatic acids were the main classes of compounds accounted for by individual compound analysis. Functional group analysis by proton NMR and chromatographic separation on ion-exchange columns allowed characterization of ca. 50–90% of WSOC into broad chemical classes (neutral species/light acids/humic-like substances). In spite of the significant change in the chemical composition of tracer compounds from the dry to the wet period, the functional groups and the general chemical classes of WSOC changed only to a small extent. Model compounds representing size-resolved WSOC chemical composition for the different periods of the campaign are then proposed in this paper, based on the chemical characterization by both individual compound analysis and functional group analysis deployed during the LBA-SMOCC experiment. Model compounds reproduce quantitatively the average chemical structure of WSOC and can be used as best-guess surrogates in microphysical models involving organic aerosol particles over tropical areas affected by biomass burning.

scholarly journals Characterization of the organic composition of aerosols from Rondônia, Brazil, during the LBA-SMOCC 2002 experiment and its representation through model compounds

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 5687-5749 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Decesari ◽  
S. Fuzzi ◽  
M. C. Facchini ◽  
M. Mircea ◽  
L. Emblico ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Individual Compound ◽  
Model Compounds ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

Abstract. The chemical composition of carbonaceous aerosols collected during the LBA-SMOCC field experiment, conducted in Rondônia, Brazil, in 2002 during the transition from the dry to the wet season, was investigated by a suite of advanced analytical techniques. The period of most intense biomass burning was characterized by high concentrations of submicron particles rich in carbonaceous material and water-soluble organic compounds (WSOC). At the onset of the rainy period, submicron total carbon (TC) concentrations had decreased by about 20 times. In contrast, the concentration of supermicron TC was fairly constant throughout the experiment, pointing to a constant emission of coarse particles from the natural background. About 6–8% of TC (9–11% of WSOC) was speciated at the molecular level by GC-MS and liquid chromatography. Poly-hydroxylated compounds, aliphatic and aromatic acids were the main classes of compounds accounted for by individual compound analysis. Functional group analysis by proton NMR and chromatographic separation on ion-exchange columns allowed characterization of ca. 50–90% of WSOC into broad chemical classes (neutral species/light acids/humic-like substances). In spite of the significant change in the chemical composition of tracer compounds from the dry to the wet period, the functional groups and the general chemical classes of WSOC changed only to a lesser extent. Model compounds representing size-resolved WSOC chemical composition for the different periods of the campaign are then proposed in this paper, based on the chemical characterization by both individual compound analysis and functional group analysis deployed during the LBA-SMOCC experiment. Model compounds reproduce quantitatively the average chemical structure of WSOC and can be used as best-guess surrogates in microphysical models involving organic aerosol particles over tropical areas affected by biomass burning.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN DAN KARAKTERISASI ARANG AKTIF DARI BATANG LIMBAH TANAMAN GUMITIR DENGAN AKTIVATOR ZnCl2

Jurnal Kimia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
E. Sahara ◽  
D. E. Permatasaari ◽  
I W. Suarsa
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Volatile Content ◽  
Functional Group Analysis

The agricultural waste of gumitir plants stem can be used as an ingredient in producing an activated carbon. Some researchers have reported that the additions of phosphoric acid and NaOH as chemical activators have resulted in an activated carbon that met the SNI (Indonesian National Standard) 06-3730-1995 about technical activated carbon. The purpose of this study was to produce and characterize the activated carbon from the stem of gumitir plants carbonized at 300oC for 90 minutes with the use of ZnCl2 as the activator. The activation was carried out by adding ZnCl2 to an amount of carbon in various mole ratios. The characteristics of the activated carbon obtained were compared to the SNI. It was evident that the addition of 0.1 mole of ZnCl2 to 1 gram of the carbon produced an activated carbon that met the SNI standard, namely, water content of 5.00%, as content of 8.33%, volatile content of 950oC of heating  of  7.36%, carbon content of 79,30%, iodine absorption capacity of 788.1271 mg/g, and methylene blue absorption capacity of 260.7917 mg/g. The surface area and surfae acidity of this carbon was of 677,6270 mg2/g and 0.3396 mmol/g, respectively. The functional group analysis of this activated carbon showed the presence of O-H, COOH, C-O aldehyde, alkaline C-C and C-H groups.

scholarly journals Ekstraksi Dan Karakterisasi Pektin Kulit Jeruk Manis Kisar (Citrus sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Jolantje Latupeirissa ◽  
Eirene G. Fransina ◽  
Matheis F.J.D.P. Tanasale
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Degree Of Esterification

Extraction and characterization of pectin from the oranges peel of kisar (Citrus sp.) have been done. Pectin was obtained from extraction oranges peel crust of kisar with HCl at temperature 90 °C during 4 hours. The content of albido and pectin are 69.17% and 82.82%, respectively. Identification functional group of pectin was using by FTIR spectrophotometer which OH-alcohol (3294.42–3373.50 cm-1), CH3-alifatic (2939.52 cm-1), C=O ester (1741.72–1730.15 cm-1), C=C alkene (1614.42–1643.35 cm-1), and C-O eter (1232.51–1276.88 cm-1).  Characterizations of pectin were equivalent weight (2011.6 mg), methoxyl content (1.17%), galacturonic level (41.64%), moisture content (28.46%), ash content (11.92%), and degree of esterification (15.95%).

scholarly journals Activation of oil palm empty bunches with hydrochloride acid & phosphoric acid and characterization based SNI No. 06-3730-1995

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 16
Author(s):  
Irna Diah Mumpuni ◽  
Mamay Maslahat ◽  
Devy Susanty
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Different Characteristics

Activated carbon is a solid product resulting from carbonization and activation of lignocellulosic biomass by several methods and activators. Each activator can produce different characteristics of activated carbon. The activated carbon of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches (OPEFB) is processed from Empty Fruit Bunches (EFB) waste, which is quite abundant in Indonesia. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of OPEFB carbon that had been chemically activated using hydrochloric acid (HCl) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) based on the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) No. 06 - 3730 - 1995. The research method consisted of the process of carbonization of OPEFB using a pyrolysis device at 400oC for 6 hours; activation of carbon with activator HCl and H3PO4 at various activator concentrations; characterization of activated carbon on the parameters of moisture content, ash content, absorption of iodine, and absorption of methylene blue. The results showed that the 0.5000 M HCl was the best activator that produced the quality of OPEFB activated carbon according to SNI 06 - 3730 - 1995 on parameters of moisture content, ash content and absorption of iodine.Keywords: Activated Carbon, Iodine Absorption, Oil Palm Empty Fruit BunchesABSTRAKAktivasi karbon tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan asam klorida dan asam fosfat serta uji karakterisasi berdasarkan SNI No. 06–3730–1995Karbon aktif merupakan produk padatan yang dihasilkan dari karbonisasi dan aktivasi biomassa lignoselulosa dengan beberapa metode dan aktivator. Masing-masing aktivator dapat menghasilkan karakteristik karbon aktif yang berbeda. Karbon aktif Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit (TKKS) diolah dari limbah TKKS yang keberadaannya cukup melimpah di Indonesia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik karbon TKKS yang telah diaktivasi secara kimia menggunakan aktivator asam klorida (HCl) dan asam fosfat (H3PO4) berdasarkan Standar Nasional Indonesia  (SNI) No.  06 – 3730 – 1995. Metode penelitian terdiri atas proses karbonisasi TKKS menggunakan alat pirolisis pada suhu 400 ℃ selama 6 jam; aktivasi karbon dengan aktivator HCl dan H3PO4 pada berbagai konsentrasi aktivator; serta karakterisasi karbon aktif pada parameter kadar air dan abu, daya jerap terhadap iod serta daya jerap terhadap biru metilen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa HCl 0,5 M merupakan aktivator terbaik dan karbon aktif yang dihasilkan memiliki karakteristik yang sesuai dengan SNI 06 – 3730 – 1995 pada parameter kadar air dan abu serta daya jerap terhadap iod.Kata kunci: Daya Jerap Iod, Karbon Aktif, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit

scholarly journals Ekstraksi Dan Karakterisasi Pektin Kulit Jeruk Manis Kisar (Citrus sp.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68
Author(s):  
Jolantje Latupeirissa ◽  
Eirene G. Fransina ◽  
Matheis F.J.D.P. Tanasale
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Degree Of Esterification

Extraction and characterization of pectin from the oranges peel of kisar (Citrus sp.) have been done. Pectin was obtained from extraction oranges peel crust of kisar with HCl at temperature 90 °C during 4 hours. The content of albido and pectin are 69.17% and 82.82%, respectively. Identification functional group of pectin was using by FTIR spectrophotometer which OH-alcohol (3294.42–3373.50 cm-1), CH3-alifatic (2939.52 cm-1), C=O ester (1741.72–1730.15 cm-1), C=C alkene (1614.42–1643.35 cm-1), and C-O eter (1232.51–1276.88 cm-1).  Characterizations of pectin were equivalent weight (2011.6 mg), methoxyl content (1.17%), galacturonic level (41.64%), moisture content (28.46%), ash content (11.92%), and degree of esterification (15.95%).

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