scholarly journals Ecological Crisis And Exploitation Of Women in Margaret Atwood’s Surfacing

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-64
Author(s):  
Riyani Vadilla
Keyword(s):  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Illegal Logging ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

The problem of ecological crisis and exploitation of women is a topic that is often discussed today because it occurs in various parts of the world. The natural conditions and fate of women both in developing and developed countries are in an alarming condition because the development and exploitation of nature causes water, soil and air pollution. Women who use nature for their daily needs with development are forced to become objects of capitalist patriarchal exploitation. In addition, the degradation of nature due to the interference of science and technology causes the degradation of natural ecosystems so that the survival of other living things such as plants and animals is disrupted. This descriptive study aims to examine the issue of ecological crisis and exploitation of women found in the novel Surfacing by Margaret Atwood by using the ecofeminism theory of Vandana Shiva and Maria Mies. This research uses 3 variables: 1. Reduction of women's uterus, 2. Development, 3. Exploitation . This research is a library research. To see the colors of representation, researchers used the theory of ecofeminism introduced by Vandana Shiva and Maria Mies. The results showed an ecological crisis and exploitation of women found in the novel Surfacing, namely (1) the reduction of the womb of women with the presence of modern science, (2) pornography of women and exploitation of animals for commercial purposes, (3) development and illegal logging for various interests industry

scholarly journals Elaine Risley’s Character Development in Margaret Atwood’s Cat’s Eye

Lexicon ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Afifah Widyaningrum ◽  
Eddy Pursubaryanto
Keyword(s):  
Young Woman ◽  
Character Development ◽  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Early Adulthood ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Virgin Mary ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Library Research

This research explores the character development of Elaine Risley, the main character of the novel Cat’s Eye by Margaret Atwood (2009), throughout her childhood, adolescence, early adulthood, and adulthood years. The objectives of this research are to explain how the character of Elaine Risley develops in Cat’s Eye and to examine the factors which affect Elaine Risley’s character development. This research employs the objective approach proposed by Abrams (1976) as its theoretical framework and the library research as its method of research. The results show that Elaine Risley always experiences development in her character throughout her life; she develops from a bullied little girl in her childhood, a mean but passionate girl in her adolescence, and an independent young woman in her early adulthood to finally become a woman who struggles to let go of her past in her adulthood. Elaine Risley’s character development is affected by several factors, namely, Toronto as her environment, her experiences with bullying, the men and women in the society around her, her own paintings, the cat’s eye marble, and the Virgin Mary.

The Bible Made Me Do It: Christianity, Science, and the Environment

1995 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest L. Fortin
Keyword(s):  
Modern Science ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Environmental Disaster ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Modern Natural ◽  
Modern Natural Science ◽  
Christian Thought

The blame for the environmental disaster that threatens to overtake us unless something is done to avert it is often laid at the door of the Bible and the tradition that comes out of it. Typical of this trend is Lynn White's landmark essay, “The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis” (1967), which traces the West's ruthless exploitation of nature to the biblical injunction that human beings are to “subdue” the earth and exercise “dominion” over all other living things. Ironically, White's indictment all but coincided with the triumph of an older theory the object of which was to demonstrate against the Enlightenment that, far from being hostile to modern science, the glory of our civilization and the instrument of its conquest of nature, the Christian tradition was the principal agent of its emergence. Christianity would thus be simultaneously and for the same reason responsible for what is best and what is worst in the modern world. The article challenges the premise that these two theories share, namely, that modern science is a child of premodern Christian thought. It begins with a restatement of what was once the commonly accepted view of our relationship to nonhuman nature and ends with a brief account of the essential limitations of modern natural science.

Housing Inflation: Policy Guidelines from Shariah Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Azrul Azlan Iskandar Mirza ◽  
Asmaddy Haris ◽  
Ainulashikin Marzuki ◽  
Ummi Salwa Ahmad Bustamam ◽  
Hamdi Hakiem Mudasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Control Element ◽  
Recent Issue ◽  
Analysis Methodology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

The soaring housing prices in Malaysia is not a recent issue. It is a global phenomenon especially in developing and developed countries, driven by factors including land price, location, construction materials cost, demand, and speculation. This issue demands immediate attention as it affects the younger generation, most of whom could not afford to buy their own house. The government has taken many initiatives and introduced regulations to ensure that housing prices are within the affordable range. This article aims to introduce a housing price control element from the Shariah perspective, as an alternative solution for all parties involved in this issue. It adopts content analysis methodology on policy from Shariah approved sources.

A Compact Embodiment of Pluralities and Denial of Origins: Atwood’s The Year of The Flood

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Rana Sağıroğlu
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Margaret Atwood ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
The Novel ◽  
The World ◽  
Narrative Techniques ◽  
Why Questions ◽  
Near Future

Margaret Atwood, one of the most spectacular authors of postmodern movement, achieved to unite debatable and in demand critical points of 21st century such as science fiction, postmodernism and ecocriticism in the novel The Year of The Flood written in 2009. The novel could be regarded as an ecocritical manifesto and a dystopic mirror against today’s degenerated world, tending to a superficial base to keep the already order in use, by moving away from the fundamental solution of all humanity: nature. Although Atwood does not want her works to be called science fiction, it is obvious that science fiction plays an introductory role and gives the novel a ground explaining all ‘why’ questions of the novel. However, Atwood is not unjust while claiming that her works are not science fiction because of the inevitable rapid change of 21st century world becoming addicted to technology, especially Internet. It is easily observed by the reader that what she fictionalises throughout the novel is quite close to possibility, and the world may witness in the near future what she creates in the novel as science fiction. Additionally, postmodernism serves to the novel as the answerer of ‘how’ questions: How the world embraces pluralities, how heterogeneous social order is needed, and how impossible to run the world by dichotomies of patriarchal social order anymore. And lastly, ecocriticism gives the answers of ‘why’ questions of the novel: Why humanity is in chaos, why humanity has organized the world according to its own needs as if there were no living creatures apart from humanity. Therefore, The Year of The Flood meets the reader as a compact embodiment of science fiction, postmodernism and ecocriticism not only with its theme, but also with its narrative techniques.

STRUKTUR NARASI NOVEL CA BAU KAN, KARYA REMY SYLADO ANALISIS SEMIOTIK

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Sri Sabakti
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Structure ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Basic Scheme ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Mean

This research is aimed to expose the narrative structure of the novel Ca Bau Kan by using semiotical theory. The source of the data is the novel Ca Bau kan written by Remy Silado and published by KPG, eight edition, 2004. The data is collected by doing the library research. The teory applied in this research is the emiotical theory, especially the literary analysis of Subur Laksono Wardoyo that the analysis of the text of prose can be applied by using three fases; the analysis of the basic scheme narrative, the analysis of mean signifier, and the analysis of syntagmatics and pragmatics. The result of this research showed that the narrative structure in the novel CBK that (1) the life of Tinung before being a ca bau kan, (2) the life of Tinung as a ca bau kan, and (3) the life of Tinung after not being a ca bau kan anymore. Based on the narrative structure, it was found that “ Love is only one. No measurement is needed” is the mean signifier and able to be clarified by the analysis of syntagmatics-paradigmatics based on the biner oposition of weak x strong.AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan mengungkapkan stuktur narasi dalam novel Ca Bau Kan (CBK) dengan menggunakan teori semiotika. Penelitian ini menggunakan sumber data novel CBK karya Remy Silado yang diterbitkan oleh KPG, cetakan kedelapan tahun 2004. Pengumpulan data dilaksanakan dengan teknik kepustakaan. Teori yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teori semiotika, khususnya analisis sastra menurut Subur Laksono Wardoyo bahwa analisis teks prosa dapat dilakukan melalui tiga tahap, yaitu: analisis skema naratif dasar, analisis signifier utama, dan analisis sintagmatik-paradigmatik. Hasil penelitian menggambarkan bahwa struktur narasi pada novel CBK adalah sebagai berikut: 1) kehidupan Tinung sebelum menjadi ca bau kan, 2) kehidupan Tinung sebagai ca bau kan, dan 3) kehidupan Tinung setelah tidak menjadi ca bau kan. Berdasarkan struktur narasi, maka didapatkan bahwa “Cinta cuma satu, kagak perlu takaran” merupakan penanda utama dan dapat diperjelas melalui analisis sintagmatik-paradigmatik yang didasarkan atas sebuah oposisi biner lemah x kuat.

scholarly journals Income, wealth and use of personal protection equipment in the Mekong Delta

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Migheli
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Protective Equipment ◽  
Personal Protection ◽  
Personal Protection Equipment ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

AbstractBoth in developing and developed countries, farmers often do not protect themselves adequately, especially when applying agrochemicals that are dangerous for their health. The issue is relevant because insufficient protection is between the causes leading to intoxication of farmers and workers who handle these products. The literature suggests that both lack of training and information and low income may explain why, especially in developing countries, protective equipment is under-used. Using data from the Mekong Delta, this study addresses the issue of whether income and household wealth may help explaining the use of incomplete protections against pesticides. The results suggest that income, more than wealth, is a reason why Vietnamese farmers operating in the Mekong Delta fail in using adequate protections. In particular, the data suggest that they may prefer to divert resources to increasing the production of their fields or to buying goods that may be used both as protection and as everyday garments. This behaviour leads to underinvestment in some important protective goods. Possible public interventions to mitigate the problem are suggested; in particular, the promotion of integrated pest management techniques could be useful.

scholarly journals Strategies for reducing out of pocket payments in the health system: a scoping review

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Faride Sadat Jalali ◽  
Parisa Bikineh ◽  
Sajad Delavari
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Health Financing ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
System A ◽  
Out Of Pocket Payments ◽  
Review Study ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Abstract Background Direct out-of-pocket payments (OOP) are among the most important financing mechanisms in many health systems, especially in developing countries, adversely affecting equality and leading vulnerable groups to poverty. Therefore, this scoping review study was conducted to identify the strategies involving OOP reduction in health systems. Methods Articles published in English on strategies related to out-of-pocket payments were Searched and retrieved in the Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Embase databases between January 2000 and November 2020, following PRISMA guidelines. As a result, 3710 papers were retrieved initially, and 40 were selected for full-text assessment. Results Out of 40 papers included, 22 (55%) and 18 (45%) of the study were conducted in developing and developed countries, respectively. The strategies were divided into four categories based on health system functions: health system stewardship, creating resources, health financing mechanisms, and delivering health services.As well, developing and developed countries applied different types of strategies to reduce OOP. Conclusion The present review identified some strategies that affect the OOP payments According to the health system functions framework. Considering the importance of stewardship, creating resources, the health financing mechanisms, and delivering health services in reducing OOP, this study could help policymakers make better decisions for reducing OOP expenditures.

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