scholarly journals Optimising production of carrot hairy roots

2004 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 77-80
Author(s):  
H.J. Ridgway ◽  
J. Kandula ◽  
A. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Monoxenic Culture ◽  
Carrot Root ◽  
Positive Effect

This research describes the production of carrot hairy roots for monoxenic culture of New Zealand arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Induction of hairy roots on mature carrot root sections was carried out using Agrobacterium rhizogenes isolate A4T that had been grown in either LauriaBertani (/ acetosyringone) or Yeast Mannitol medium (24 or 48 h incubation) Results showed both methods could initiate hairy root production The source of the carrots was one of the most important factors with mature freshly harvested carrots showing better hairy root production compared to coolstored carrots Dissection of the cortex to expose the cambium had a positive effect on the least optimal treatment

Optimizing Carrot Hairy Root Production for Monoxenic Culture of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Iran

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.R. Danesh . ◽  
E. Mohammadi Goltape . ◽  
A. Alizadeh . ◽  
M. Modarres Sanavy .
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Hairy Root ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Root Production ◽  
Monoxenic Culture

scholarly journals Effect of Inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Selected Spring Wheat Lines

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yonaisy Mujica Pérez ◽  
Christiane Charest ◽  
Yolande Dalpé ◽  
Sylvie Séguin ◽  
Xuelian Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Heading Date ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Activity Yield ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Wheat Lines ◽  
Positive Effect

<p class="sar-body"><span lang="EN-US">An experiment was performed in a completely randomized split-plot design using five lines of spring wheat (<em>Triticum aestivum </em>L.) (AW-774, AC Carberry, HY-162, Major and AAC Scotia) and two arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) strains (<em>Rhizoglomus irregulare </em>and <em>Glomus cubense</em>). Two different inoculant forms (solid and liquid) for the <em>G. cubense</em> strain were evaluated. The main plot was AMF, and the subplot was spring wheat lines. Data on heading date, plant height, fresh, and dry biomass, yield, grain quality (chemical composition of the seeds, gluten, and sugar), root structure, and colonization by AMF were collected. The results show a positive effect of inoculation in comparison with the control treatment. The liquid and solid <em>G. cubense</em> inoculants provided better results than inoculation with <em>R.</em> <em>irregulare</em>. Fungus indicators were in agreement with root morphological parameters because of the effect induced by AMF activity. Yield increased significantly in the mycorrhizal treatments.</span></p>

Effects of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Grass and Weed in Acidic Andosol

2013 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 664-669
Author(s):  
En Wu ◽  
Guo Rong Xin ◽  
Kazuo Sugawara
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Mycorrhizal Symbiosis ◽  
Ph Gradients ◽  
Anthoxanthum Odoratum ◽  
Dactylis Glomerata L ◽  
Positive Effect

With the aggravation of volcanic ash Andosol acidification, artificial forage grass Dactylis glomerata L. gradual degradation, replaced by weed plant Anthoxanthum odoratum L., but the mechanism is unclear. In order to reveal the mechanism, this study used Andosol soil as matrix, explored the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on D. glomerata and A. odoratum at different pH gradients in acidic Andosol by glasshouse experiment. The results show that the mycorrhizal colonization of D. glomerata strongly affected by soil pH, but the A. odoratum was not yet. The mycorrhizal symbiosis led to a positive effect on growth and P uptake of D. glomerata and A. odoratum. Consider to invasion and expansion of A. odoratum in severity acidic pasture is origin of this specificity on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in acidic soil other than D. glomerata.

scholarly journals Effect of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Chemical Constituents in Cotton/Alfalfa Mixed Culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
Mazen Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mixed Culture ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Amf Inoculation

Abstract A pot experiment was conducted to study the extent of changes occurring in the nutrients, chlorophyll and protein of plants grown in cotton/alfalfa mixed culture as affected by inoculation with indigenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). The experiment consisted of mycorrhizal treatments (with and without AMF inoculation) and three planting patterns (cotton monoculture, alfalfa monoculture, cotton/alfalfa mixed culture). Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) inoculum previously isolated from a rhizospheric soil of cotton, was a mixture of Glomus intraradices, G. viscosum, and G. mosseae. Results showed that total chlorophyll and protein concentrations, and nutrients content were higher in AM cotton plants compared with the non-AM control. Mixed culture had a positive effect on all the above parameters in cotton shoot. The highest values were noted in AM plants in the mixed culture. Improved chemicals and biochemical constituents in cotton led to an increase in dry matter production. The highest dry matter was observed in the AM mixed culture, and was significantly higher by 1.4 times than that of non-AM monoculture.

The effect of flavones and flavonols on colonization of tomato plants by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi of the genera Gigaspora and Glomus

2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose M. Scervino ◽  
María A. Ponce ◽  
Rosa Erra-Bassells ◽  
Josefina Bompadre ◽  
Horst Vierheilig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Entry Points ◽  
Chemical Groups ◽  
Positive Effect

No clear data are available on how flavonoids from different chemical groups affect root colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and whether flavonoids affecting the presymbiotic growth of AMF also affect root colonization by AMF. In the present work, we compared the effect of flavones (chrysin and luteolin) and flavonols (kaempferol, morin, isorhamnetin, and rutin) on root colonization (number of entry points and degree of root colonization) of tomato plants ( Lycopersicum esculentum L.) with the effect of these flavonoids on the presymbiotic growth of these AMF, which has been reported in a recent study. With all tested AMF ( Gigaspora rosea , Gigaspora margarita , Glomus mosseae, and Glomus intraradices) a correlation between the number of entry points and the percentage of root colonization was found. When the number of entry points was high, root colonization was also enhanced. Application of the flavones chrysin and luteolin and of the flavonol morin increased the number of entry points and the degree of colonization,whereas the flavonols kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and rutin showed no effect. These results show that in contrast to their effect on the presymbiotic growth of the AMF on the level of root colonization, the tested flavonoids do not exhibit a genus- and species-specificity. Moreover, comparison of our data with the data obtained by J.M. Scervino, M.A. Ponce, R. Erra-Bassells, H. Vierheilig, J.A. Ocampo, and A. Godeas. (2005a. J. Plant Interact. 15: 22–30) indicates that a positive effect on the hyphal growth of AMF does not necessarily result in an enhanced AM root colonization, further indicating that the mode of action of flavonoids at the level of root colonization is more complex.

scholarly journals Inoculation of cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum) and poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma harzianum

2011 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
M. Dubský ◽  
F. Šrámek ◽  
M. Vosátka
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Euphorbia Pulcherrima ◽  
Plant Mortality ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Spontaneous Infection

Dual inoculation of peat based horticulture substrate with a mixture of four species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fungal biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum showed a significant positive effect on the growth and flowering of cyclamen plants. Inoculation substantially decreased plant mortality caused by spontaneous infection by the fungal pathogen Cryptocline cyclaminis. Plant mortality was also reduced by separate inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Both separately inoculated agents positively affected the plant growth, although to a lesser extent. Very few significant effects of inoculation were observed on the growth of poinsettia plants cultivated from cuttings. Use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi together with the introduction of Trichoderma for inoculation of horticultural substrates is suggested to alleviate the inevitable effects of various stresses during the cultivation of horticultural crops.

Enzymes of Nitrogen Metabolism and Proteases Activity in Hairy Roots of Clover and Carrots, with and without Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (8) ◽  
pp. 1185-1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Regina de Souza ◽  
Eidy Sim[otilde]es de Souza ◽  
Ricardo Luis Louro Berbara ◽  
Manlio Silvestre Fernandes ◽  
Elvia Mariam Lis Martinez Stark
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Hairy Roots ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal

scholarly journals Seed exudates of Sesbania virgata (Cav.) Pers. stimulate the asymbiotic phase of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Gigaspora albida Becker & Hall

Hoehnea ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leilyane C.S. Coelho ◽  
Daiane S.B. Mignoni ◽  
Fábio S.B. Silva ◽  
Márcia R. Braga
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Sesbania Virgata ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Gigaspora Albida

ABSTRACT Sesbania virgata is a legume used in the restoration of degraded areas and forms a symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF). Its seeds exude secondary metabolites that may influence the colonization by AMF. In this work, we studied the effects of seed (SE) and root exudates (RE) of S. virgata on the asymbiotic phase of Gigaspora albida. Spores of G. albida were germinated in medium supplemented with different concentrations of SE or RE. After seven days, spore germination was stimulated (46.6%) in the medium supplemented with the highest concentration of SE, while the mycelial growth was stimulated with the lowest SE concentration. In turn, RE had no effect on the fungal asymbiotic phase. We concluded that SE exert a positive effect on the asymbiotic phase of G. albida and that the different effects between SE and RE of S. virgata can be explained by their distinct content of secondary metabolites.

scholarly journals Phosphorus is a critical factor of the in vitro monoxenic culture method for a wide range of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi culture collections

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Sato ◽  
Kenta Suzuki ◽  
Erika Usui ◽  
Yasunori Ichihashi
Keyword(s):  
Hairy Root ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Monoxenic Culture ◽  
Culture Collections ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Wide Range

AbstractEstablishing an effective way to propagate a wide range of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi species is desirable for mycorrhizal research and agricultural applications. Although the success of mycorrhizal formation is required for spore production of AM fungi, the critical factors for its construction in the in vitro monoxenic culture protocol remain to be identified. In this study, we evaluated the growth of hairy roots from carrot, flax, and chicory, and investigated the effects of the phosphorus (P) concentration in the mother plate, as well as the levels of P, sucrose, and macronutrients in a cocultivation plate with a hairy root, amount of medium of the cocultivation plate, and location of spore inoculation, by utilizing the Bayesian information criterion model selection with greater than 800 units of data. We found that the flax hairy root was suitable for in vitro monoxenic culture, and that the concentration of P in the cocultivation plate was a critical factor for mycorrhizal formation. We showed that an extremely low concentration of P (3 μM) significantly improved mycorrhizal formation for AM fungi belonging to the Glomerales order, while a high concentration of P (30 μM) was suitable for Diversisporales fungi. Therefore, we anticipate that the refining the P concentration will contribute to future culture collections of a wide range of AM fungi.

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