scholarly journals Monoxenic culture of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Scutellospora calospora and RiTDNA transformed carrot roots

2006 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 97-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kandula ◽  
A. Stewart ◽  
H.J. Ridgway
Keyword(s):  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Cell Formation ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Auxiliary Cell ◽  
Root Transformation ◽  
Root Contact ◽  
Scutellospora Calospora ◽  
Mycelial Development

This paper presents the first report of cultivation of Scutellospora calospora with RiTDNA transformed carrot (Daucus carota L) roots Carrot root transformation was done using Agrobacterium rhizogenes Spore germination tests were conducted on 6 water agar and minimal media to assess the time taken for germination Morphological characteristics of extraradical mycelium intraradical mycelium branched absorbing structures and auxiliary cell formation were recorded Auxiliary cell formation started within 35 days of root contact and continued until 2 months There was an extensive thick brown extraradical mycelial development following root infection but spore formation was low (four spores) and was observed only after 8 months Spores were full of oil globules and were produced on MSR medium but not M medium

scholarly journals Glomus halonatum Rose & Trappe (Glomeromycota) in South America: comments on the morphological characteristics of the species

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 1167-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno Tomio Goto ◽  
Cynthia Maria Carneiro Costa ◽  
Leonor Costa Maia
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Atlantic Forest ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Bixa Orellana ◽  
Taxonomic Analysis ◽  
Coffea Robusta

Ornamented glomerospores of an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus were collected from an area of Atlantic Forest in Goiana (Pernambuco, Brazil). The area had been cultivated with Coffea canephora Pierre ex. Froehner [=Coffea robusta (L.) Linden)] and Bixa orellana L., then left fallow and today is covered by herbaceous raider species. After taxonomic analysis using current descriptive and terminological criteria, the species was identified as Glomus halonatum. A description, illustrations and comments about the species are presented.

scholarly journals Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus influence maize root growth and architecture in rock phosphate amended tropical soil

2017 ◽  
pp. 211-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Perumalsamy Priyadharsini ◽  
Thangavelu Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Mycorrhizal Dependency ◽  
Acid And Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Am Fungus ◽  
Scutellospora Calospora

Hemos ensayado la influencia del homgo micorrícizo arbuscular (AM) Scutellospora calospora en la estructura, crecimiento, asimilación de nutrientes, actividad fosfatasa y dependencia micorrizal de raíces de maíz por adicción de 0-5% de fosforita (RP) en suelos deficientes de fósforo (P). La adicción de RP aumentó significativamente la longitud total de la raíz, el número de raíces a diferentes niveles y el diámetro de los pelos radiculares de las plantas AM. El hongo AM influyó positivamente el crecimiento del maíz y la asimilación de nutrientes. Las actividades fosfatasa ácida y alcalina fueron mayores en las plantas AM en suelos mejorados. Al aumentar las concentraciones RP se redujeron no linealmente el porcentaje de colonización del hongo AM. Entonces, la inoculación de hongos AM junto a la mejora de fósfoso proveniente de RP podría sustituir fertilizantes químicos y hacer disponible el P proveniente de RP. We evaluated the influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Scutellospora calospora on root architecture, growth, nutrient uptake, root phosphatase activity and mycorrhizal dependency of maize in 0-5% rock phosphate (RP) amended phosphorus (P) deficient soil. RP amendment significantly increased total root length, number of roots in different orders, and root hair diameter of AM plants. The AM fungus positively influenced maize growth and nutrient uptake. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were higher for AM plants in RP amended soils. In contrast, increasing concentrations of RP reduced the percentage of AM fungus colonization non-linearly. Thus, AM fungus inoculation along with RP amendment could substitute chemical fertilizers and make available the P in RP to the plants.

Nitrogen transfer and assimilation between the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith and Ri T-DNA roots of Daucus carota L. in an in vitro compartmented system

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Patrick Toussaint ◽  
Marc St-Arnaud ◽  
Christiane Charest
Keyword(s):  
Glutamine Synthetase ◽  
Daucus Carota ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Extraradical Mycelium ◽  
Daucus Carota L ◽  
Hyphal Compartment

Nitrogen metabolism was examined in monoxenic cultures of carrot roots (Daucus carota L.) colonized with the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus Glomus intraradices Schenck & Smith. Glutamine synthetase and glutamate dehydrogenase activities were significantly increased in mycorrhizal roots for which only the extraradical mycelium had exclusive access to NH4NO3 in a distinct hyphal compartment inaccessible to the roots. This was in comparison with the water controls but was similar to the enzyme activities of non-arbuscular-mycorrhizal (non-AM) roots that had direct access to NH4NO3. In addition, glutamate dehydrogenase activity was significantly enhanced in AM roots compared with non-AM roots. Carrot roots took up 15NH4+ more efficiently than 15NO3–, and the extraradical hyphae transfered 15NH4+ to host roots from the hyphal compartment but did not transfer 15NO3–. The extraradical mycelium was shown, for the first time, to have a different glutamine synthetase monomer than roots. Our overall results highlight the active role of AM fungi in nitrogen uptake, transfer, and assimilation in their symbiotic root association.Key words: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Ri T-DNA carrot roots, in vitro root-organ culture, nitrogen metabolism.

scholarly journals The methylome of the model arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus, Rhizophagus irregularis, shares characteristics with early diverging fungi and Dikarya

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anurag Chaturvedi ◽  
Joaquim Cruz Corella ◽  
Chanz Robbins ◽  
Anita Loha ◽  
Laure Menin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungi ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Mycorrhizal Fungus ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Rhizophagus Irregularis ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Phosphate Regulation ◽  
Very High

AbstractEarly-diverging fungi (EDF) are distinct from Dikarya and other eukaryotes, exhibiting high N6-methyldeoxyadenine (6mA) contents, rather than 5-methylcytosine (5mC). As plants transitioned to land the EDF sub-phylum, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; Glomeromycotina) evolved a symbiotic lifestyle with 80% of plant species worldwide. Here we show that these fungi exhibit 5mC and 6mA methylation characteristics that jointly set them apart from other fungi. The model AMF, R. irregularis, evolved very high levels of 5mC and greatly reduced levels of 6mA. However, unlike the Dikarya, 6mA in AMF occurs at symmetrical ApT motifs in genes and is associated with their transcription. 6mA is heterogeneously distributed among nuclei in these coenocytic fungi suggesting functional differences among nuclei. While far fewer genes are regulated by 6mA in the AMF genome than in EDF, most strikingly, 6mA methylation has been specifically retained in genes implicated in components of phosphate regulation; the quintessential hallmark defining this globally important symbiosis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document