Construction Cost for Soil Excavation (Cut and Fill) on-Site: Computer Based Program Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Ahmed Abdelbagi Hamad ◽  
◽  
Azri Ikhwan Lokman ◽  
Lim Qian Xi ◽  
Mohammad Raziq Fakhrullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Program Analysis ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Excavation Process ◽  
Mathematical Problems ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Soil Excavation ◽  
Bill Of Quantity ◽  
Manual Calculation ◽  
Cut And Fill

Excavation is an important part of any construction project whereby removing earth to form cavity in the ground. This paper mainly focuses on cut and fill excavation by identify the cost of labor, material and equipment. Besides that, this paper aims to have better understanding on Bill of Quantity using coding. The method implemented for this study is using GNU Octave, version 6.2.0 and manual calculation to calculate the construction cost incurred during excavation process. Referring to the manual calculation, the overall cost obtained for the project is RM27352.15 whereas using GNU Octave software obtained for the project is RM27352.15. Thus, both GNU Octave software and manual calculation has zero percent difference. Octave is a computer programme that is designed for numerical computations and able to solve linear and nonlinear mathematical problems.

Hydrostatic Force on Submerged Gate: Computer Based Program Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aprizal Eka Putra ◽  
◽  
Leslie Tan Le Ying ◽  
Naura Fortuna Mushollin ◽  
Siti Nursyamira Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Program Analysis ◽  
Pressure Loading ◽  
Percentage Difference ◽  
Hydrostatic Force ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Force Calculation ◽  
Manual Calculation

Resultant force caused by the pressure loading of a liquid acting on submerged surfaces are known as Hydraulic force. Calculating the hydrostatic force is necessary to design a building that can resist forces due to its fluid. There are 2 conditions of the submerged surface, those are fully submerged and partly submerged. In this study, three scenarios will be used for developing computer-based program for calculating hydrostatic force and will be compared to manual calculation. The numerical analysis will be conducted using GNU Octave, version 6.2.0. The scenarios are fully submerged plane with 90°, fully submerged plane with inclination angle and partially submerged plane with inclination angle. Overall, from scenario one to three, the percentage differences are 0%, with the mean percentage difference of the program is 0%. Hence, it satisfies all the elements that need to be checked based on the hydrostatic force calculation in Fluid Mechanics.

scholarly journals The Analysis of Small Investors’ Demands on a Thermal Insulation System for a Family House: A Case Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2491
Author(s):  
Alena Tažiková ◽  
Zuzana Struková ◽  
Mária Kozlovská
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Environmental Cost ◽  
Multi Criteria Decision Making ◽  
Insulation System ◽  
Insulation Systems ◽  
Small Investors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Family House

This study deals with small investors’ demands on thermal insulation systems when choosing the most suitable solution for a family house. By 2050, seventy percent of current buildings, including residential buildings, are still expected to be in operation. To reach carbon neutrality, it is necessary to reduce operational energy consumption and thus reduce the related cost of building operations and the cost of the life cycle of buildings. One solution is to adapt envelopes of buildings by proper insulation solutions. To choose an optimal thermal insulation system that will reduce energy consumption of building, it is necessary to consider the environmental cost of insulation materials in addition to the construction cost of the materials. The environmental cost of a material depends on the carbon footprint from the initial origin of the material. This study presents the results of a multi-criteria decision-making analysis, where five different contractors set the evaluation criteria for selection of the optimal thermal insulation system. In their decision-making, they involved the requirements of small investors. The most common requirements were selected: the construction cost, the construction time (represented by the total man-hours), the thermal conductivity coefficient, the diffusion resistance factor, and the reaction to fire. The confidences of the criteria were then determined with the help of the pairwise comparison method. This was followed by multi-criteria decision-making using the method of index coefficients, also known as the method of basic variant. The multi-criteria decision-making included thermal insulation systems based on polystyrene, mineral wool, thermal insulation plaster, and aerogels’ nanotechnology. As a result, it was concluded that, currently, in Slovakia, small investors emphasize the cost of material and the coefficient of thermal conductivity and they do not care as much about the carbon footprint of the material manufacturing, the importance of which is mentioned in this study.

scholarly journals Hospital Construction Cost Affecting Their Lifecycle: An Italian Overview

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 888
Author(s):  
Leopoldo Sdino ◽  
Andrea Brambilla ◽  
Marta Dell’Ovo ◽  
Benedetta Sdino ◽  
Stefano Capolongo
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Services ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Quality Healthcare ◽  
Healthcare Facilities ◽  
Early Design Stage ◽  
Hospital Facility ◽  
Italian Context ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Components

The need for 24/7 operation, and the increasing requests of high-quality healthcare services contribute to framing healthcare facilities as a complex topic, also due to the changing and challenging environment and huge impact on the community. Due to its complexity, it is difficult to properly estimate the construction cost in a preliminary phase where easy-to-use parameters are often necessary. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an overview of the issue with reference to the Italian context and proposes an estimation framework for analyzing hospital facilities’ construction cost. First, contributions from literature reviews and 14 case studies were analyzed to identify specific cost components. Then, a questionnaire was administered to construction companies and experts in the field to obtain data coming from practical and real cases. The results obtained from all of the contributions are an overview of the construction cost components. Starting from the data collected and analyzed, a preliminary estimation tool is proposed to identify the minimum and maximum variation in the cost when programming the construction of a hospital, starting from the feasibility phase or the early design stage. The framework involves different factors, such as the number of beds, complexity, typology, localization, technology degree and the type of maintenance and management techniques. This study explores the several elements that compose the cost of a hospital facility and highlights future developments including maintenance and management costs during hospital facilities’ lifecycle.

scholarly journals A Study of an EOQ Model under Lock Fuzzy Environment

Mathematics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suman Maity ◽  
Sujit Kumar De ◽  
Sankar Prasad Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Inventory Management ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Management Problem ◽  
Final State ◽  
Eoq Model ◽  
Fuzzy Environment ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Vector

The present article was developed for the economic order quantity (EOQ) inventory model under daytime, non-random, uncertain demand. In any inventory management problem, several parameters are involved that are basically flexible in nature with the progress of time. This model can be split into three different sub-models, assuming the demand rate and the cost vector associated with the model are non-randomly uncertain (i.e., fuzzy), and these may include some of the retained learning experiences of the decision-maker (DM). However, the DM has the option of revising his/her decision through the application of the appropriate key vector of the fuzzy locks in their final state. The basic novelty of the present model is that it includes a computer-based decision‐making process involving flowchart algorithms that are able to identify and update the key vectors automatically. The numerical study indicates that when all parameters are assumed to be fuzzy, the double keys of the fuzzy lock provide a more accurate optimum than other methods. Sensitivity analysis and graphical illustrations are made for better justification of the model.

scholarly journals Influence of rebar practice in the total cost of building construction projects: The case of Hawassa city, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Tariku Nigussie ◽  
M.K. Chandrasekar
Keyword(s):  
Construction Projects ◽  
Cost Overrun ◽  
Value Analysis ◽  
Total Cost ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Central Value ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Analytical Research ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Bill Of Quantity

Rebar is one of the materials which is so scarce and highly expensive. The existing practices produce a large quantity of wastage; which contributes to the increment of the project cost. This study aimed to analyze the causes, extent, and remedies of steel wastages on the total costs of construction projects in Hawassa city. The study followed descriptive and analytical research designs. The cost estimated in the bill of quantity and the final cost after the provision of the steel with alterations was compared and the reasons for cost overrun were analyzed. The data were analyzed using Central value analysis, correlation and regression analysis using SPSS stat20, RebarWin7.97, ETABS2016. The percentage of the cost of steel wastage in total cost was found 1.43%. The result of the study verdict that frequent design change and bare-benders skill gap contribute much to the material wastage, thus for the cost overrun of projects. Keywords: Bending gain, cost overrun, detailing, rebar, redesign, steel, wastage

scholarly journals Hybrid Input-Output Analysis of Embodied Carbon and Construction Cost Differences between New-Build and Refurbished Projects

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 3229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Langston ◽  
Edwin Chan ◽  
Esther Yung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Embodied Energy ◽  
Output Analysis ◽  
Embodied Carbon ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Cost Differences ◽  
Cost Differentials ◽  
Strong Linear Relationship

Refurbishing buildings helps reduce waste, and limiting the amount of embodied carbon in buildings helps minimize the damaging impacts of climate change through lower CO2 emissions. The analysis of embodied carbon is based on the concept of life cycle assessment (LCA). LCA is a systematic tool to evaluate the environmental impacts of a product, technology, or service through all stages of its life cycle. This study investigates the embodied carbon footprint of both new-build and refurbished buildings to determine the embodied carbon profile and its relationship to both embodied energy and construction cost. It recognizes that changes in the fuel mix for electricity generation play an important role in embodied carbon impacts in different countries. The empirical findings for Hong Kong suggest that mean embodied carbon for refurbished buildings is 33–39% lower than new-build projects, and the cost for refurbished buildings is 22–50% lower than new-build projects (per square meter of floor area). Embodied carbon ranges from 645–1059 kgCO2e/m2 for new-build and 294–655 kgCO2e/m2 for refurbished projects, which is in keeping with other studies outside Hong Kong. However, values of embodied carbon and cost for refurbished projects in this study have a higher coefficient of variation than their new-build counterparts. It is argued that it is preferable to estimate embodied energy and then convert to embodied carbon (rather than estimate embodied carbon directly), as carbon is both time and location specific. A very strong linear relationship is also observed between embodied energy and construction cost that can be used to predict the former, given the latter. This study provides a framework whereby comparisons can be made between new-build and refurbished projects on the basis of embodied carbon and related construction cost differentials into the future, helping to make informed decisions about which strategy to pursue.

scholarly journals Hereford Hospital Prescribing Study: Description and Usefulness1

1981 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 661-666
Author(s):  
J W Barnett ◽  
A W Alexander ◽  
J P Hutchby ◽  
J P Wood ◽  
B Bond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Drug Usage ◽  
Diagnostic Data ◽  
Mode Of Operation ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Link Information ◽  
Hospital Prescribing

The mode of operation of a computer-based information system designed to link information about drug usage to diagnostic data is described. Details of the cost of this system are given. It is shown that the running costs are approximately £20 000 per year. Examples are given of the uses made of the data collected.

scholarly journals Study on Key Cost Drivers of Prefabricated Buildings Based on System Dynamics

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Na Lou ◽  
Jingjuan Guo
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Construction Cost ◽  
Cost Driver ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Cost Drivers ◽  
Building Cost ◽  
Cost Constraints ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Prefabricated Building

The prefabricated building as a major initiative has been put forward by China in recent years to promote the transformation and upgrading of the construction industry, but its rapid development also faces high cost constraints. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to study the key cost drivers and cost control paths of prefabricated buildings. Most of the current research focuses on the construction cost of prefabricated building as a static object. This article, on the other hand, regards the construction cost of prefabricated building as a dynamic formation process and conducts systematic research from product systems, technical systems, construction processes, and management modes. The influence factors of prefabricated building cost are defined and screened with the help of HSM and previous research results. A cause-and-effect model and cost control model of prefabricated building cost driver are established. Based on the model test of the actual project, the cost generation of prefabricated buildings is simulated. Through sensitivity analysis, key cost drivers of prefabricated building are identified and ranked as degree of design standardization, unit price, prefabrication rate, information technology level, transportation mode, labor level, machinery level, transportation distance, etc. Accordingly, corresponding strategies are proposed for the cost control of prefabricated buildings.

scholarly journals Komparasi Waktu Algoritma RSA dengan RSA-CRT Base On Computer

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 13
Author(s):  
Nur Cayo Hendro Wibowo ◽  
Khotibul Umam ◽  
Albadru Muh Izul Khaq ◽  
Favian Agung Rizki
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Product Development ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Execution Time ◽  
Rsa Algorithm ◽  
Encryption And Decryption ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Manual Calculation

<p align="center"><em>Cryptography is a branch of mathematics. Asymmetric algorithms such as RSA, including the type of cryptography that is more widely used to be implemented in everyday life because it has an algorithm that is not easy to be misused by others. However, the encryption and decryption process of RSA requires quite a long time. For this reason, RSA - CRT emerged. In this study a time comparison between the RSA algorithm and the RSA-CRT Base On Computer is done. The purpose of this study was to determine the execution time of the RSA-CRT algorithm using PHP.</em></p><p><em>This research uses the Research and Development or R&amp;D method, with the R&amp;D method created by the product development RSA-CRT algorithm application from UIN Walisongo Semarang based on computer. Based on the data analysis, the conclusion is that although the manual calculation of the RSA-CRT algorithm takes longer than the others in this case RSA. But have a faster time when using PHP.</em></p><p align="center"> </p>

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