scholarly journals Indirect hemagglutination reaction in the differential diagnosis of bovine tuberculosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.O. Baratov ◽  
O.P. Sakidibirov ◽  
P.S. Huseynova
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Tuberculin Test ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Mycobacterium Fortuitum ◽  
Indirect Hemagglutination ◽  
Specific Reactions

The main problem of improving the health of farms from tuberculosis is diagnosis, in particular, differential diagnosis. Despite the comprehensive study and a fairly impressive number of proposed diagnostic methods, including on the molecular genetic level, the problem of differentiation of non-specific reactions remains topical today. About effectiveness of serological methods of research, in particular, indirect hemagglutination reactions, in the literature there are scattered and polar data. In the methods of setting up reactions, in the variety of antigens, methods of adsorption of agglutinins, stabilization of red blood cells, etc., the researchers ' opinions differ. Four methods of stabilization of sheep erythrocytes sensitized with polysaccharide antigen (Feeli, Weinbach, Ling, RES) have been comparatively studied. The maximum antibody titer was established for the stabilization of red blood cells by Feeli. A total of 1911 blood samples from four farms with different relationships to tuberculosis were studied in the reaction of indirect hemagglutination with diagnostics from Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium fortuitum. Relatively high positive indicators of the reaction of indirect hemagglutination were revealed in animals in farms with tuberculosis problems, in which the diagnosis was confirmed by pathoanatomic method in 87.5% of cases. The results of the tuberculin test coincided with the results of indirect hemagglutination reactions in 37.07% of cases. Diagnostic antibody titers were detected in 201 anergic animals of the treated herd and in 5 from the isolation unit. During the slaughter of 20 heads from a dysfunctional farm and 5 from the overexposure group, tuberculosis was established in 15 and 5, respectively. The practical significance of the reaction of indirect hemagglutination with different diagnostics in the detection of homologously infected animals is shown.

scholarly journals Improvement of bovine tuberculosis diagnosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
M. O. Baratov
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Mycobacterium Bovis ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Bovine Tuberculosis ◽  
Intradermal Test ◽  
Mycobacterium Fortuitum ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Post Mortem Examination ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
Specific Reactions

Detection of animals with non-specific reactions to tuberculin is one of the major problems in bovine tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. There is a need to find and improve methods for detection of the sensitization causes. This paper presents the results of comparative studies of different ways to stabilize red blood cells in order to obtain diagnosticums for indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test. The article describes the stages of red blood cells stabilization and sensitization and demonstrates the diagnostic significance of Fili stabilization method using formaldehyde as a fixative. The highest antibody titers (1:3000 and 1:4000) were received in hyperimmune sera of rabbits immunized with Mycobacterium bovis using a homologous diagnosticum. Practical importance of the sensitins homologous to the infection is shown during testing of 1,911 serum samples collected from animals of different categories (diseased; healthy and reacting to tuberculin; healthy and not reacting to tuberculin) with IHA test using diagnosticums produced from Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium fortuitum. Based on the positive results of the IHA test, TB was diagnosed in 87.5% of animals originating from an infected farm during post-mortem examination. The results of the IHA test agreed with those of the intradermal tuberculin test in 37.7% of cases. Diagnostic antibody titers were found in 206 TB infected animals with no reaction to the intradermal test. However, the post-mortem examination revealed TB changes in internal organs. The obtained data suggest a possibility to use the IHA test to detect TB infected animals with non-specific reactions to tuberculin.

scholarly journals Features of electric and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in patients with inflammatory intestinal diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (5) ◽  
pp. 19-30
Author(s):  
M. V. Kruchinina ◽  
I. O. Svetlova ◽  
A. V. Azgaldyan ◽  
M. F. Osipenko ◽  
E. Yu. Valuiskikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Acute Stage ◽  
Viscoelastic Parameters ◽  
Surface Character

The aim of this work is to study the features of the electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, unclassified colitis), taking into account the stage of the disease for possible use in differential diagnosis.The electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes were studied using dielectrophoresis in 109 patients with IBD, mean age 37,7 + 11,7 years (50 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 41 with Crohn’s disease (CD), 18 with unclassified colitis (UCC) and 53 conditionally healthy, comparable in age and sex with the main groups.Red blood cells of individuals with IBD differed from those in the comparison group by a smaller average diameter, an increased proportion of deformed, spherocytic cells with a changed surface character with a reduced ability to deform, a lower level of surface charge of cells, an altered membrane structure with an increased ability to conduct electric current, prone to destruction and the formation of aggregates (p <0,0001–0,05).Analysis in individual groups with IBD in the acute stage, taking into account the therapy, revealed significant differences between the forms of IBD: in patients with Crohn’s disease, in contrast to patients with UC, red blood cells had lower values of the amplitude of deformation, capacity, dipole moment, and velocity of movement of cells towards electrodes, the proportion of discocytes, polarizability at most of the frequencies of the electric field (p <0,00001–0,05). On the contrary, the summarized indicators of rigidity, viscosity, electrical conductivity, aggregation and destruction indices were higher in CD than in UC (p <0,0001–0,05). CD patients had a greater number of deformed cells with altered surface character (p <0,00001).The features of the electrical and viscoelastic parameters of erythrocytes in patients with differentnosological forms of IBD can be used for the differential diagnosis of ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease in case of colon lesions, in the long term — for verification of the diagnosis in unclassified colitis.

scholarly journals Testing for Partial RhD with a D-Screen Diagast Kit in Moroccan Blood Donors with Weak D Expression

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Kabiri ◽  
M. Benajiba ◽  
K. Hajjout ◽  
N. Dakka ◽  
H. Bellaoui
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Formal Argument ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
Specific Reactions ◽  
D Antigen

The aim of this study was to search for the partial D phenotype in Moroccan blood donors with weak D expression. The study included 32 samples with weak D phenotype, and partial D category red blood cells were detected with the D-Screen Diagast kit, which consists in 9 monoclonal anti-D antibodies specific for the most common categories of partial D. Among the 32 samples studied, we identified 13 specific reactions to a partial D antigen (3 DVI, 2 DVa, 2 DIII(a,b,c), and 6 DVII), with 8 reactions suggesting a weak D and 11 reactions providing no formal argument in favor of a partial D antigen. This work can be used to validate the performance of the anti-D reagent and to improve the safety of transfusion of red blood cells from donors expressing the partial D antigen by integrating the finding into the recipient file with a recommendation concerning the appropriate care.

scholarly journals Multilayer Thin-Film Optical Filters for Reflectance-Based Malaria Diagnostics

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 890
Author(s):  
Mariana S. Costa ◽  
Vitória Baptista ◽  
Gabriel M. Ferreira ◽  
Duarte Lima ◽  
Graça Minas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Parasite Density ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Optical Filters ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Tio2 Thin Films ◽  
Clinical Sensitivity ◽  
Multilayer Stacks

Malaria diagnosis relies on optical microscopy and/or rapid diagnostic tests based on detecting specific malaria antigens. The clinical sensitivity of these methods is highly dependent on parasite density, with low levels of detection at low parasite density, challenging the worldwide malaria elimination efforts. Therefore, there is a need for diagnostic methods with higher sensitivity, demanding innovative diagnostics devices able to detect malaria at low parasite density and at early stages of the disease. We propose an innovative optical device for malaria diagnosis, based on optical reflectance spectrophotometry, for the detection of parasites through the quantification of haemozoin. For this purpose, a set of eight thin-film optical filters, based on multilayer stacks of MgO/TiO2 and SiO2/TiO2 thin-films, with high transmittance and low full width at half maximum (FWHM) at specific wavelengths, was designed and fully characterized (both numerically and experimentally). A preliminary assessment of its potential to reconstruct the original spectra of red blood cells was performed, both in uninfected and Plasmodium falciparum-infected samples. The obtained results show that, although the experimental filters have a non-ideal performance characteristic, they allow us to distinguish, based on only 8 discrete points in the optical spectrum, between healthy and malaria infected samples, up to a detection limit of 12 parasites/μL of red blood cells. Those results enhance the potential of using such a device for malaria diagnostics, aiming for non-invasiveness.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document