scholarly journals Impact of Micro Finance on Household Expenditure Pattern of Rural Women Borrowers: An Empirical Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vikas Batra
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 365-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazi Tanvir Mahmud ◽  
Asif Parvez ◽  
Khairul Alom ◽  
Rejaul Karim Bakshi ◽  
Md. Akhtaruzzaman Khan

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Azizi ◽  
Manadiyanto Manadiyanto ◽  
Sonny Koeshendrajana

Usaha garam berperan penting dalam pendapatan rumah tangga. Usaha garam tersebut mengalami fluktuasi dari tahun ke tahun, berakibat terhadap pendapatan dan pengeluaran rumah tangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji karakteristik sosial ekonomi dan dinamika usaha tambak garam, tingkat pendapatan dan pengeluaran dari berbagai sumber mata pencaharian. Metode survey digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Sebanyak 32 sampel responden diambil secara acak dan dimonitor secara periodik. Data primer dan sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi karakteristik responden, tingkat pendapatan dan pola pengeluaran rumah tangga. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 46,87% responden usaha petambak garam berpendidikan setingkat SLTP dengan kisaran pengalaman usaha 10 sampai 20 tahun. Tanggungan keluarga petambak garam berkisar antara 3- 6 orang. Kepemilikan lahan tambak garam 70,60% milik sendiri dan sisanya sebagai penggarap. Pendapatan zpetambak garam pada tahun 2007 adalah Rp. 31.900.000 dan pendapatan pada tahun 2008 mengalami kenaikan menjadi Rp. 46.700.000, sedangkan tingkat pendapatan pada tahun 2009 petambak garam mengalami penurunan sekitar Rp.5.950.000 sehingga menjadi sebesar Rp. 40.750.000. Sumber pendapatan petambak garam yang hanya mengandalkan dari usaha garam, 53,13% patambak garam yang sumber pendapatannya dari garam dan perikanan adalah 28,12%, sedangkan petambak garam yang mata pencahariannya lebih dari dua adalah hanya 12,50%. Pengeluaran untuk konsumsi rumah tangga pada tahun 2008 adalah sebesar Rp.15.444.000/tahun sedangkan pada tahun 2009 mengalamikenaikan menjadi Rp. 19.624.000. Tittle: Dynamics of Business, income and expenditure patterns of Salt Farmers in Pinggirpapas Village, Kalianget of the Regency of Sumenep.Salts production business plays an important role in the household income. This type of business is continued to fluctuate from year to year. This situation affect on household’ revenue and expenditure. This research was aimed to analyse social and economic characteristics and dynamics of salt production business, level of income from various source of livelihood, and expenditure pattern of salt farmer household. A survey method was used in this study. Thirdty-two (32) respondent were randomly selected and monitored periodically. Primary and secondary data were collected. Data covered characteristic of respondents, business status, level of income and source and expenditure pattern of selected households. Results of the study illuetrated that educational level of salt farmer was mostly a junior high school (46.87%), while business experiences range from 10 to 20 years. Family size was relative large(3-6 person/household). 70.60% of respondents are owner, while the remaining ones are tenants. In 2007, salt farmer’s income was IDR 31.9 million, while in 2008 the income was increase to be IDR 46.7 million, then it was decreased by 5.95 million to become IDR 40.75 million. Salt farmer household who depended mainly on salt production business was 53.13%, while who depended on both salt business and fisheries and more than two source of income were 28.12% and 12.50%, respectively. In 2008, household expenditure of salt farmer was IDR 15.4 million, then it increased sharply to be IDR 19.6 million.


2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jude Ndzifon Kimengsi ◽  
Roland Azibo Balgah ◽  
Gertrud Buchenrieder ◽  
Magdalene Silberberger ◽  
Hene Pridedinorah Batosor

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias R. Mehl ◽  
Shannon E. Holleran

Abstract. In this article, the authors provide an empirical analysis of the obtrusiveness of and participants' compliance with a relatively new psychological ambulatory assessment method, called the electronically activated recorder or EAR. The EAR is a modified portable audio-recorder that periodically records snippets of ambient sounds from participants' daily environments. In tracking moment-to-moment ambient sounds, the EAR yields an acoustic log of a person's day as it unfolds. As a naturalistic observation sampling method, it provides an observer's account of daily life and is optimized for the assessment of audible aspects of participants' naturally-occurring social behaviors and interactions. Measures of self-reported and behaviorally-assessed EAR obtrusiveness and compliance were analyzed in two samples. After an initial 2-h period of relative obtrusiveness, participants habituated to wearing the EAR and perceived it as fairly unobtrusive both in a short-term (2 days, N = 96) and a longer-term (10-11 days, N = 11) monitoring. Compliance with the method was high both during the short-term and longer-term monitoring. Somewhat reduced compliance was identified over the weekend; this effect appears to be specific to student populations. Important privacy and data confidentiality considerations around the EAR method are discussed.


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