scholarly journals Studies of ticks of the genus Dermacentor (Acari; Ixodidae) on the natural occurrence of tularemia pathogen in the conditions of the Central Pre-Caucasian region

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
E. V. Lazarenko ◽  
O. A. Gnusareva ◽  
L. I. Shaposhnikova ◽  
V. M. Dubyansky
Keyword(s):  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Physiological Age ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Dermacentor Marginatus ◽  
Tick Infection ◽  
Focal Infection ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pathogen Dna

The purpose of the research is the assessment of the Francisella tularensis occurrence in nature in ticks of the genus Dermacentor; understanding the physiological age in terms of tick infection with tularemia pathogen.Materials and methods. For the period from 2015 to 2019, we examined 8449 specimens of Dermacentor marginatus (916 pools), 8674 specimens of D. reticulatus (705 pools), and 109 specimens of D. niveus (40 pools) for tularemia infection. To assess the dependence of tularemia pathogen found in ticks of different physiological ages, we examined 2440 specimens of D. marginatus (360 pools), and 3349 specimens of D. reticulatus (412 pools) for the period from 2016 to 2019. Studies of ixodid ticks infected with tularemia pathogen were performed by the Natural Focal Infection Laboratory of the Stavropol Anti-Plague Institute. Pools of ixodid ticks were examined for the pathogen DNA of tularemia using reagent kits for identifying Francisella tularensis DNA by polymerase chain reaction with fluorescence hybridization of results recorded in real time.Results and discussion. The infection rate of the tularemia pathogen in ticks in the Central Pre-Caucasian region ranged from 0.044–1.127% in D. marginatus and 0.035–1.455% in D. reticulatus in different years. The greatest number of F. tularensis was isolated from the III physiological age ticks. For D. reticulatus ticks, no statistically significant dependence of the detected tularemia pathogen on physiological age was found.

scholarly journals Current and emerging assays for Francisella tularensis detection: a review

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 585-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Pohanka ◽  
M. Hubalek ◽  
V. Neubauerova ◽  
A. Macela ◽  
M. Faldyna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flow Cytometry ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Pathogenic Bacterium ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Detection And Identification ◽  
The Future ◽  
Polymerase Chain

This paper presents an overview of methods for detection and identification of the pathogenic bacterium <I>Francisella tularensis</I> such as cultivation tests, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, flow cytometry, polymerase chain reaction, immunosensor, microarray, mass spectrometry, and chromatography. Included references are chosen according to their practical importance or perspectives for the future.

scholarly journals Detection of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Agent and Borrelia Burgdorferi in Ticks by Polymerase Chain Reaction

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Fu Chang ◽  
Vesna Novosel ◽  
Chao-Fu Chang ◽  
Jong Bae Kim ◽  
Sang J. Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Adult ixodid ticks were collected from Westchester County, New York, and Ipswich, Massachusetts, to determine the presence of infection with a human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks collected from New York was also determined by PCR. Of the 229 ticks from New York and 47 ticks from Massachusetts, 9% (22/229) and 25% (12/47) of ticks contained HGE agent, respectively. Fifty-four percent (123/229) of the ticks collected from New York were B. burgdorferi positive; 4% (9/229) of these ticks contained both HGE agent and B. burgdorferi. This finding indicates that animals with Lyme borreliosis may be also exposed to the etiologic agent of HGE. More extensive laboratory diagnosis may be necessary when multiple tick-borne diseases are suspected in animals.

scholarly journals Detection of Francisella tularensis by the polymerase chain reaction

1996 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 477-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Junhui ◽  
Y. Ruifu ◽  
L. Jianchun ◽  
Z. Songle ◽  
C. Meiling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals Simultaneous One-Tube Quantification of Host and Pathogen DNA with Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Winton ◽  
J. K. Stone ◽  
L. S. Watrud ◽  
E. M. Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Fluorescent Dyes ◽  
Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Taqman Probes ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pathogen Dna

Phaeocryptopus gaeumannii is a widespread foliar parasite of Douglas-fir. Although normally innocuous, the fungus also causes the defoliating disease Swiss needle cast in heavily infected needles. The extent of P. gaeumannii colonization in Douglas-fir foliage was estimated with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using TaqMan chemistry. In order to derive a normalized expression of colonization, both pathogen and host DNA were simultaneously amplified but individually detected by species-specific primers and TaqMan probes labeled with different fluorescent dyes. Detection of host DNA additionally provided an endogenous reference that served as both an internal positive control and adjusted for variation introduced by sample-to-sample differences in DNA extraction and PCR efficiencies. The genes employed for designing the TaqMan probes and primers were β-tubulin for the pathogen and a LEAFY/FLORICAULA-like gene involved in floral development for the tree host. Both probe/primer sets exhibited high precision and reproducibility over a linear range of 4 orders of magnitude. This eliminated the need to analyze samples in multiple dilutions when comparing lightly with heavily infected needles. Quantification of the fungus within needles was successful as early as 1 month after initial infection. Real-time PCR is the only method currently available to quantify P. gaeumannii colonization early in the first year of the colonization process.

scholarly journals Evaluation of pathogen detection from clinical samples by real-time polymerase chain reaction using a sepsis pathogen DNA detection kit

Critical Care ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. R159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsunori Yanagihara ◽  
Yuko Kitagawa ◽  
Masao Tomonaga ◽  
Kunihiro Tsukasaki ◽  
Shigeru Kohno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Pathogen Detection ◽  
Dna Detection ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Pathogen Dna

scholarly journals Quantifying Aphanomyces euteiches in Alfalfa with a Fluorescent Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay

2002 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. Vandemark ◽  
B. M. Barker ◽  
M. A. Gritsenko
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Aphanomyces Euteiches ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Plant Samples ◽  
Race 1 ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Race 2 ◽  
Pathogen Dna

A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using a set of specific primers and a dual-labeled probe (TaqMan) was developed to quantify the amount of Aphanomyces euteiches DNA in alfalfa plants exhibiting varying levels of disease severity. The study included isolates of race 1 and race 2 of A. euteiches. The assay also discriminated between alfalfa populations for resistance based on analysis of DNA extracted from bulked plant samples. Analysis of individual plants and bulked plant samples of standard check populations with both pathogen isolates resulted in Spearman rank correlations between pathogen DNA content and disease severity index ratings that were greater than 0.75 and highly significant (P < 0.0005). In experiments with a race 1 isolate, the amount of pathogen DNA present in the resistant check WAPH-1 was significantly less than in the susceptible check Saranac. In experiments with a race 2 isolate, the amount of pathogen DNA in the resistant check WAPH-5 was significantly less than in either of the susceptible checks, Saranac and WAPH-1. Discrimination between commercial cultivars based on quantitative PCR analysis of bulked plant samples was similar to classification based on visual assessment of disease severity.

scholarly journals Benign Solitary Pulmonary Necrotic Nodules: How Effectively Does Pathological Examination Explain the Cause?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Halide Nur Urer ◽  
Mehmet Zeki Gunluoglu ◽  
Nurcan Unver ◽  
Sezer Toprak ◽  
Mediha Gonenc Ortakoylu
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Francisella Tularensis ◽  
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Aims. We investigated the histopathological features of solitary pulmonary necrotic nodules (NNs) of undetermined cause. We combined our findings with those obtained using other methods to determine how well the etiological factors were explained. Methods. We screened patients who underwent surgery to treat solitary pulmonary granulomatous and nongranulomatous NNs of undetermined cause. The NN sizes and features of both the NNs and adjacent parenchyma were evaluated. Histochemical analyses included Ehrlich–Ziehl–Neelsen (EZN), Grocott, and Gram staining. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect tuberculous and nontuberculous mycobacteria, panfungal DNA, Nocardia, Francisella tularensis types A and B, and actinomycetes. Results. The NNs were granulomatous in 78.9% and nongranulomatous in 21% of the 114 patients included. EZN staining or PCR was positive for Mycobacterium in 53.5% of all NNs: 62.2% of granulomatous and 20.8% of nongranulomatous NNs. We found a weak but significant correlation between granulomatous NNs and Bacillus positivity and a significant correlation between granulomas surrounding the NNs and the presence of multiple necroses. The NN etiology was determined via histopathological, histochemical, and PCR analyses in 57% of patients but remained undetermined in 42.9%. Conclusion. The causes of both granulomatous and nongranulomatous NNs can be determined by pathological examination. Granulomatous necrosis and granulomas in the adjacent parenchyma are important for differential diagnosis. When both features are present, they strongly support a diagnosis of tuberculosis, even in the absence of bacilli.

scholarly journals Presence of Rickettsia Species in Ticks Collected from Companion Animals in Northeastern Georgia, United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Hannah Stanley ◽  
DeLacy V. L. Rhodes
Keyword(s):  
Companion Animals ◽  
Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽  
Amblyomma Americanum ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Rickettsia Felis ◽  
Rickettsia Species ◽  
Tick Vector ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Tick-borne diseases are a major threat to both humans and their pets; therefore, it is important to evaluate the prevalence of pathogens carried by ticks on companion animals. In this study, attached and unattached Ixodid ticks were removed from companion animals by a veterinary practice in Hall County, Georgia. DNA was extracted from unengorged adult ticks and each was screened for the presence of Rickettsia spp. by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced to determine the species present. Two hundred and four adult hard-bodied ticks were identified to species and Rickettsia spp. were found in 19.6% (n = 38) of the 194 analyzed DNA extracts. Rickettsia montanensis was found in Dermacentor variablis (14.7%; n = 25), Amblyomma maculatum (33.3%; n = 2), and Rhipicephalus sanguineus s.l. ticks (25%; n = 4). One Amblyomma americanum tick contained Rickettsia amblyommatis, while Rickettsia felis was found in one Dermacentor variablis tick, serving as the first report of Rickettsia felis in a tick in this region and within this tick vector. This study suggests that there is a risk of companion animals contracting a species of Rickettsia from a tick bite in northeastern Georgia, indicating a need for more investigation and highlighting the importance of tick prevention on pets.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document