scholarly journals ON FUNCTIONAL PURPOSE OF THE TALE SPIKE AND DORSAL SPINE IN PROTOSTRONGYLIDAE LARVAE

2021 ◽  
pp. 301-305
Author(s):  
Loginova
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cervus Elaphus ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
The Body ◽  
Dorsal Spine ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Tail Spike ◽  
Functional Purpose ◽  
Scanning Electron

This article presents an attempt to analyze the functional purpose of the tail spike and dorsal spine of protostrongylid species. The actual material was obtained from the feces of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) (the species Elaphostrongylus rangiferi was verified genetically), red deer (Cervus elaphus) and dapple deer (C. nippon) by the Vajda method and has been studied from 2018 to the present day by means of lightfield and dark-field light microscopy, and phase-contrast and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the tail spike and dorsal spine 1) do not surpass the rest of the cuticle in their density (they are squashed by pressure of the cover slide, shriveled in preparation for scanning electron microscopy, and look uniform in relation to the body of the larva in polarized light); 2) have no openings in the apical areas. On this basis, the versions about the role of spines in episodes of intra- or interspecific competition and defensive function were rejected. The assumptions about the deposition (of substances or ultramicroscopic objects) and about fixation (linking) remain possible. The reliable purpose of the tail spike and dorsal spine of protostrongylid species larvae remains unknown. The further study of a connection between these larvae and their intermediate hosts, gastropods, seems promising.

Preparation of Alcohol-Preserved Larvae of Culicidae (Diptera) for Scanning Electron Microscopy

1972 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Dahl
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
The Body ◽  
Taxonomic Studies ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Sem Studies

AbstractA method for preparation of alcohol-preserved culicid larvae for Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) studies is described. It is based on dehydration by ethanol-xylol and fast evaporation of xylol in +8o° C. for ten minutes. For taxonomic studies such as examination of pecten teeth, comb scales and microtrichiae in magnifications up to 6oooX the method is suitable. For studies of receptor structures on hair-tufts and microstructures of the body integument alcohol preserved material is less satisfactory. The microstructure of the comb scales is figured and their function discussed. Differences in the ultrastructure of the abdominal hair-tufts are pointed out.

scholarly journals Congenital infection with Setaria digitata and Setaria marshalli in the thoracic cavity of a Korean calf: a case report

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 275-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
NS Kim ◽  
HC Kim ◽  
C. Sim ◽  
JR Ji ◽  
NS Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Congenital Infection ◽  
The Body ◽  
Thoracic Cavity ◽  
Setaria Digitata ◽  
Scanning Electron

In March 2010, a 3.5-month-old Korean native calf was anatomized and two nematode worms were detected in the thoracic cavity. The worms were identified and classified by light and scanning electron microscopy on the basis of features at the anterior and posterior parts of the worms. The worms were female Setaria digitata and Setaria marshalli and numerous eggs which contained microfilaria were detected in the uterus of both species. The body lengths of the S. digitata and S. marshalli were 78 mm and 117 mm, respectively. Mosquitoes act as the vector for Setaria nematodes but these are inactivated in winter in Korea. Therefore, we concluded that this case represented setariasis with congenital infection occurring during the summer prenatal stage of life.

scholarly journals Balantidium grimi n. sp. (Ciliophora, Litostomatea), a new species inhabiting the rectum of the frog Quasipaa spinosa from Lishui, China

Parasite ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weishan Zhao ◽  
Can Li ◽  
Dong Zhang ◽  
Runqiu Wang ◽  
Yingzhen Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Body Shape ◽  
Ssu Rdna ◽  
The Body ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Scanning Electron

Balantidium grimi n. sp. is described from the rectum of the frog Quasipaa spinosa (Amphibia, Dicroglossidae) from Lishui, Zhejiang Province, China. The new species is described by both light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and a molecular phylogenetic analysis is also presented. This species has unique morphological features in that the body shape is somewhat flattened and the vestibulum is “V”-shaped, occupying nearly 3/8 to 4/7 of the body length. Only one contractile vacuole, situated at the posterior body, was observed. The phylogenetic analysis based on SSU-rDNA indicates that B. grimi groups together with B. duodeni and B. entozoon. In addition, the genus Balantidium is clearly polyphyletic.

Composition and Microstructure of a Natural Nano-Structure Mineral: Six-Ring Rock

2011 ◽  
Vol 295-297 ◽  
pp. 869-872
Author(s):  
Qing Shan Li ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Guang Zhong Xing
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
The Body ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nano Size ◽  
Scanning Electron

Six-ring Rock is widely used as containers of water and additives to produce health care products. In this paper, the composition and microstructure of Six-ring Rock have been investigated by using scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and other technologies. Results show that Six-ring Rock is composed of CaMg(CO3)2, SiO2 and KAlSi3O8. Fe atoms exist in CaMg(CO3)2 by replacing Mg atoms. Six-ring Rock shows nano-size lamellar and acerose microstructures on the surface, and nano-size monocrystals in the body. Six-ring Rock is a natural nano structure mineral.

Scanning electron microscopy of the cuticular armature of the nematode Gnathostoma spinigerum Owen, 1836 from cats in Laos

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Scholz ◽  
Oleg Ditrich
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Felis Catus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immature Female ◽  
Gnathostoma Spinigerum ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTThe body surface of an immature female Gnathostoma spinigerum found for the first time in the definitive host (Felis catus f. domestica) in Laos was studied using a scanning electron microscope. All types of cuticular spines, which are one of the most important features for species identification of gnathostomid nematodes, together with their spatial arrangement, are described and figured.

scholarly journals Splendid coloration of the peacock spider Maratus splendens

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (121) ◽  
pp. 20160437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doekele G. Stavenga ◽  
Jürgen C. Otto ◽  
Bodo D. Wilts
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
The Body ◽  
Structural Coloration ◽  
Optical Modelling ◽  
Jumping Spiders ◽  
Blue Coloration ◽  
Scanning Electron

Jumping spiders are well known for their acute vision and often bright colours. The male peacock spider Maratus splendens is richly coloured by scales that cover the body. The colours of the white, cream and red scales, which have an elaborate shape with numerous spines, are pigmentary. Blue scales are unpigmented and have a structural colour, created by an intricate photonic system consisting of two chitinous layers with ridges, separated by an air gap, with on the inner sides of the chitin layers an array of filaments. We have characterized the optical properties of the scales by microspectrophotometry, imaging scatterometry and light and scanning electron microscopy. Optical modelling revealed that the filament array constitutes a novel structural coloration system, which subtly fine tunes the scale reflectance to the observed blue coloration.

Mercury intake by inflammatory phagocytes: in vivo cytology of mouse macrophages and neutrophils by X-ray elemental microanalysis coupled with scanning electron microscopy

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabete M Cunha ◽  
Maria João R Oliveira ◽  
Paula G Ferreira ◽  
Artur P Águas
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Air Pouch ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Elemental Microanalysis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Scanning Electron

Phagocytes remove and store mercury (Hg) that enters the body. Macrophages and granulocytes respond in opposite ways to Hg: macrophages loose cell viability, and neutrophils become protected from apoptosis. We have investigated the cytology of early intake of Hg by macrophages and neutrophils after a short period (2-4 min) of in vivo exposure to HgCl2. The two types of phagocytes were attracted either to a subcutaneous air pouch or to the peritoneal cavity of BALB/c mice by in situ BSA injection. BSA caused, 72 hours later, inflammatory exudates where neutrophils (air-pouch cavity) or macrophages (peritoneal cavity) were the predominant cell type. A lethal dose of HgCl2 (25 mg) was then injected in the two inflammatory cavities. The mice died 2-4 min later and the cell exudates were harvested and studied by scanning electron microscopy coupled with X-ray elemental microanalysis (SEM-XRM). More than half of the phagocytes showed ingested Hg; a higher percentage of macrophages (around 70%) than neutrophils (around 50%) were positive for the metal. Intracellular particles of Hg were spheroid and presented a small diameter (less than 20 nm). They could be seen in large numbers inside phagocytes (up to 20-30 Hg dots per cell); they were scattered throughout the cytoplasm of the cells. The ability of phagocytes to ingest Hg increased as the BSA-induced inflammation progressed. We conclude that (i) Hg is quickly ingested as small particles by phagocytes; (ii) endocytosis of Hg increases with the degree of activation of phagocytes; and (iii) phagocytes internalize Hg by pinocytosis.

An Inexpensive Approach for Bright-Field and Dark-Field Imaging by Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy in Scanning Electron Microscopy

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binay Patel ◽  
Masashi Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lattice Spacing ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Specimen Holder ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractScanning transmission electron microscopy in scanning electron microscopy (STEM-in-SEM) is a convenient technique for soft materials characterization. Various specimen-holder geometries and detector arrangements have been used for bright-field (BF) STEM-in-SEM imaging. In this study, to further the characterization potential of STEM-IN-SEM, a new specimen holder has been developed to facilitate direct detection of BF signals and indirect detection of dark-field (DF) signals without the need for substantial instrument modification. DF imaging is conducted with the use of a gold (Au)-coated copper (Cu) plate attached to the specimen holder which directs highly scattered transmitted electrons to an off-axis yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) detector. A hole in the copper plate allows for BF imaging with a transmission electron (TE) detector. The inclusion of an Au-coated Cu plate enhanced DF signal intensity. Experiments validating the acquisition of true DF signals revealed that atomic number (Z) contrast may be achieved for materials with large lattice spacing. However, materials with small lattice spacing still exhibit diffraction contrast effects in this approach. The calculated theoretical fine probe size is 1.8 nm. At 30 kV, in this indirect approach, DF spatial resolution is limited to 3.2 nm as confirmed experimentally.

Echinostoma revolution (Froelich, 1802) Looss, 1899 and Isthmiophora melis (Schrank, 1788) Lühe, 1909 (Echinostomatinae, Digenea): Scanning electron microscopy of the tegumental surfaces

1984 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley R. Smales ◽  
Harvey D. Blankespoor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Surface Topography ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
The Body ◽  
Taxonomic Character ◽  
Secretory Structures ◽  
Unusual Structure ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACTA detailed study of the surface topography of the echinostomes Echinostoma revolution and Isthmiophora melis has been carried out using SEM. The tegument of the body surface has a cobblestone-like appearance with interspersed pits. The presence of possible secretory granules is noted. Observations of the anterior end reveal that the collar spines are retractable. An unusual structure is described from the ventral gap of the spiny collar of E. revolutum. The origins of this structure and the possible functions of the spiny collar are discussed. The shape and distribution of body spines is described. Differences in cirrus morphology for the two species are described. The taxonomic position of, I. melis and the significance of cirrus morphology as a useful taxonomic character are discussed. Four types of presumed sensory or secretory structures occur—ciliated, domed, button and bilobed papillae. Their distribution is described and possible functions discussed.

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