scholarly journals Economic evaluation of conservation tillage options for deciding the feasibility of their adoption

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-529
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar ◽  
Pramila Aggarwal ◽  
Amarendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Rabi Season ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Transplanted Rice

The present experiment was conducted to evaluate two important conservation tillage practices namely zero tillage in wheat and bed planting for growing vegetables for deciding the economic feasibility of their adoption in Gohana and Kharkhoda block of Sonipat district in Haryana. In first scenario, comparison were made between Puddled transplanted rice followed by conventional tilled wheat (PTR – CTW), and puddled transplanted rice followed by zero till wheat (PTR – ZTW). In second scenario, conventionally tilled Jowar in kharif followed by conventionally tilled wheat system (CTJ – CTW) was compared with vegetables on beds in both seasons (BV-BV). Sowing of wheat by zero till drill in PTR – ZTW system, decreased cost of cultivation by 21% over its value of Rs 20688 in PTR – CTW treatment; increased grain yield by 5% over the grain yield of 5.99 t ha-1 in PTR – CTW treatment. The B: C ratio of PTR – ZTW was 4.65 while that of PTR – CTW treatment was 3.24, which indicated economic viability of zero tillage practice. While in case of cauliflower in BV-BV system, the total cost of cultivation was estimated at Rs 51500/ha and net returns of Rs 38072/ha i.e an increased net return of 5.8 times over the net return of Rs 46223.5 in CTJ – CTW treatment. The B: C ratio of BV-BV was 5.21, while that of CTJ – CTW treatment was 2.35. Thus, it was concluded that in rabi season, cauliflower on beds and zero till wheat are most economically viable options in this temporary waterlogged regions of Yamuna basin.

scholarly journals Effect of different tillage practices and nitrogen level on wheat production under inner terai of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampurna Bartaula ◽  
Urbasi Panthi ◽  
Anil Adhikari ◽  
Mohan Mahato ◽  
Darbin Joshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Nitrogen Level ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
N Level ◽  
Biological Yield

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the plant height, yield and yield attributes of wheat under different tillage practices and nitrogen level at Dang, Nepal during winter season 2018-19. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with two tillage practices viz. zero tillage and conventional tillage as main plot factor and four level of N viz. 50 kg ha-1, 75 kg ha-1, 100 kg ha-1and 125 kg ha-1 as sub plot factor and each replicated thrice.  The result revealed that there is no significant relation between tillage practice and plant height of wheat while N level significantly affect the plant height. 125 kg N ha-1 recorded the highest plant height (110.7 cm). Zero tillage recorded the highest effective tiller m-2 (254) and grain yield (3.3 t ha-1) whereas spike length, grain spike-1, biological yield and harvest index were not significant with tillage practices. Regarding the N level, 125 kg N ha-1 recorded the highest effective spike m-2 (279), spike length (10.6 cm), grain spike-1 (48), thousand grain weight (46.3 g), grain yield (3.6 t ha-1) and biological yield (9.4 t ha-1). 50 kg N ha-1 recorded the highest harvest index (42.9%). The interaction between the tillage practice and nitrogen level showed the significant effect on grain yield and harvest index where as other parameters showed non-significant relation. The zero tillage with 125 kg N ha-1 recorded the highest grain yield (3.9 t ha-1).

scholarly journals Response of Different Establishment Method on Yield Evaluation of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Under Rice-Wheat Cropping System, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Sabha Jeet ◽  
Ratan Kumar ◽  
Shahina Tabassum
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
System Of Rice Intensification ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Establishment Method ◽  
Rice Intensification

Field experiments/On Farm trial (OFT) were conducted at Farmers field of village, Halsi, Lakhisarai under the supervision of ICAR-Krishi Vigyan Kendra, BAU, Bihar, India in 2012-13 and 2013-14.To established a uniform plant stand for the maximum yield and net return ultimately for the drudgery reduction. The experimental trial was laid out in a Randomized block design replicated four times (Number of Farmers) with six treatments comprises of transplanted rice (Farmers practices), system of rice intensification (SRI) square transplanted, DSR- Zero-tillage (dry seeding), direct seeded rice (DSR)- broadcasting (dry seeding), DSR- Drum seeded (dry seeding) and DSR- wet seeded (sprouted seeding). Among the different establishment method, SRI planting significantly influenced the growth, yield attributing characters and yield, but relatively was on par with transplanted rice. The maximum plant height, number of tillers m-2, panicle length, leaf area Index (LAI) , number of filled grains panicle-1, number of unfilled grain panicle-1,test weight, grain yield (5712 kg ha-1), straw yield (7950kg ha-1) and net return (Rs. 50,409.30 ha-1) were recorded under SRI (square transplanted) but which were on par with transplanted rice and DSR- Zero-tillage while benefit cost ratio were significantly highest (2.56) under DSR- Zero-tillage. Lowest grain yield, straw yield and gross return were observed under DSR- broadcasting and lowest net return were recorded under DSR- wet planted (sprouted seeds) and lowest B:C ratio were found under Transplanted rice. System of rice intensification (SRI) having higher yield followed by puddled transplanted rice, DSR- drum seeder (sprouted seed) and DSR- zero-tillage. DSR- zero-tillage is a viable, long-lasting and appropriate substitute to puddled transplanted rice and to be the most profitable methods with minimize the cost of cultivation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Tillage Practices for Maize (Zea mays) Grown on Different Land-Use Systems in Eastern Zambia

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paramu Mafongoya ◽  
Obert Jiri ◽  
Mutondwa Phophi
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Improved Fallows ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Natural Fallow

<p>Improved fallows of <em>Sesbania sesban</em> (Sesbania) have been known to improve soil physical and chemical properties and increase crop yield compared to traditional fallows. However, the effects of soil tillage practices after improved fallows on soil properties, weeds, labour and subsequent maize crop have not been assessed in Southern Africa. This study aimed to evaluate how tillage practices affect yield of maize and affect soil properties after two years of fallow and subsequent cropping phase. In this study, done at sites in eastern Zambia, maize yield from a two-year planted Sesbania, natural fallow, continuously fertilized and unfertilized maize were compared under conventional, flat till and zero tillage practices. A split plot experiment, with improved fallow systems in the main plot and the tillage practice in the subplot, was established at the sites. The results showed that the increases in grain yield under conventional tillage over zero tillage practice were 17.8% and 28.2% during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons, respectively, at Msekera. At Chadiza, the increases in grain yield under conventional tillage over zero tillage were 66.3% and 327.4% during 2000/2001 and 2001/2002 seasons, respectively. Greater maize yields were achieved under Sesbania planted fallows compared to the natural fallow and maize monoculture without fertilizer. Overall, zero tillage practice resulted in lower maize grain yield, higher bulk density, reduced water intake, higher weed infestation and high labour demand during weeding compared to conventional tillage.</p>

scholarly journals Historical notes on the zero-tillage concept.

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-224
Author(s):  
H. Kuipers
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practice ◽  
Tillage Practices

In a brief review, earlier German and English attitudes to tillage research are contrasted, especially on the emphasis on soil structure v emphasis on weed control; the effect of the advent of zero tillage on this difference is discussed. It was concluded that chemical weed control gives greater freedom in tillage practice, and research is revealing risks that may be unacceptable for certain crops when tillage practices are changed. CCT. (Abstract retrieved from CAB Abstracts by CABI’s permission)

scholarly journals Production potential and economics of wheat, Triticum aestivum as influenced by different planting methods in Punjab, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 777-781
Author(s):  
Balkaran Singh Sandhu ◽  
Nirmaljit Singh Dhaliwal ◽  
Gurmail Singh Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Tillage Method

The burning of rice straw after rice harvest in the Rice-Wheat System can be overcome by direct seeding of wheat by in standing and loose rice straw. To find out the most appropriate method of wheat sowing after rice crop in Sri Muktsar Sahib district, a field experiment was conducted with five different sowing methods including zero tillage and happy seeder. Among the different planting methods maximum grain yield was obtained with the conventional (52.26 q/ha) and happy seeder without loose straw (51.93 q/ha) planting method as compared to happy seeder with loose straw (50.83 q/ha), zero tillage (49.80 q/ha) and conventional method with mulching (49.66 q/ha). However, the benefit-cost ratio was higher by happy seeder with (2.38:1) and without loose straw (2.35:1) as compared to zero tillage method (2.31:1) and conventional (2.14:1). Higher B:C ratio with happy seeder was also due to its lesser cost of cultivation as compared to conventional method of sowing. The higher net return obtained from happy seeder with and without loose straw Rs. 50104 and Rs. 51019/ha respectively as compared zero tillage method (Rs 48663/ha) and conventional tillage method (Rs. 49856/ha). Although the grain yield under conventional method of sowing was higher but it failed to produce higher net return and B:C ratio. Happy Seeder technology is a time savings, good option against burning of rice residue in Punjab.

Economics of conservation tillage in the semiarid prairie

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-705 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. P. Zentner ◽  
B. G. McConkey ◽  
C. A. Campbell ◽  
F. B. Dyck ◽  
F. Selles
Keyword(s):  
Economic Performance ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Heavy Clay

Concerns about environmental sustainability and economic survival have changed tillage practices significantly in western Canada. This study examined the effects of conventional (CT), minimum (MT), and no-tillage (NT) management on the economic performance of hard red spring wheat (Triticium aestivum L.) or durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L.) production when grown in fallow–wheat (F–W) and continuous wheat (Cont W) rotations, over a period of up to 12 yr (1982–1993) on three soil textures in southwestern Saskatchewan. Our results show little short-term economic incentive for producers to adopt NT management practices. Production costs were similar on the three soil textures, averaging $141 ha−1 for F–W and $224 ha−1 for Cont W. Total costs for Cont W systems averaged 10 to 13% higher for NT compared to CT. For F–W systems total costs for NT averaged 29% higher than for CT on the silt loam, and 14% higher on the heavy clay. Also for F–W systems costs for NT averaged 23, 12, and 17% higher than for MT on silt loam, sandy loam, and heavy clay soils, respectively. Although conservation tillage (MT and NT) provided savings in labor, fuel and oil, machine repair, and machine overhead (compared to CT), these savings were more than offset by greater expenditures for herbicides. On the silt loam, net returns were highest for Cont W (CT) and lowest for F–W (NT) at wheat prices greater than $147 t−1; at lower wheat prices, F–W (CT) and Cont W (CT) provided the highest and about equal net returns. On the sandy loam, F–W (MT) consistently earned the highest net return; F–W (NT) ranked second highest, while Cont W systems ranked lowest. On the heavy clay, F–W (MT) and Cont W (CT) provided the highest net return at wheat prices greater than $147 t−1, while at lower wheat prices F–W (MT) ranked highest. In our study, the relatively poor economic performance of conservation tillage, particularly NT, for monoculture wheat production was due to a combination of higher input costs and the lack of significant yield advantages with MT and NT management. Key words: Minimum tillage, no-tillage, net returns, production costs, riskiness

scholarly journals Integrated weed management in transplanted rice: Options for addressing labor constraints and improving farmers’ income in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-34
Author(s):  
Sharif Ahmed ◽  
Virender Kumar ◽  
Murshedul Alam ◽  
Mahbubur Rahman Dewan ◽  
Khairul Alam Bhuiyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Control Cost ◽  
Control Practice ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Hand Weeding

Abstract In Bangladesh, weeds in transplanted rice are largely controlled by labor-intensive and costly manual weeding, resulting in inadequate and untimely weed control. Labor scarcity coupled with intensive rice production has triggered increased use of herbicides. These factors warrant a cost-effective and strategic integrated weed management (IWM) approaches. On-farm trials with transplanted rice were conducted during monsoon (‘Aman’) season in 2016 and 2017 and winter (‘Boro’) season in 2016 to 2017 in agroecological zones 11 and 12 with ten treatments - seven herbicide-based IWM options, one mechanical weed control-based option, and two checks – farmers’ current weed control practice and weed-free, to assess effects on weed control, grain yield, labor use, and profitability. Compared to farmers’ practice, herbicide-based IWM options with mefenacet+bensulfuron-methyl as preemergence (PRE) followed by (fb) either bispyribac-sodium or penoxsulam as postemergence (POST) fb one hand-weeding (HW) were most profitable alternatives, with reductions in labor requirement by 11 to 25 persons-day ha−1 and total weed control cost by USD 44 to 94 ha−1, resulting in net returns increases by USD 54 to 77 ha−1 without compromising on grain yield. In contrast, IWM options with bispyrbac-sodium or penoxsulam as POST application fb one HW reduced yields by 12 to 13% and profits by USD 71 to 190 ha−1. Non-chemical option with mechanical weeding fb one HW performed similarly to farmers’ practice on yield and profitability. We suggest additional research to develop feasible herbicide-free approaches to weed management in transplanted rice that can offer competitive advantages to current practices.

scholarly journals Techno-economic performance of imported kukje self-propelled rice transplanter

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Munnaf ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
FY Ruma
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Economic Feasibility ◽  
Area Coverage ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Labor Input ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Field Efficiency ◽  
Benefit Cost

The experiment was conducted to study the performance of Kukje self-propelled rice transplanter and to study the economic feasibility of mechanical transplanting method over manual transplanting method. Each of the transplanting method had three unit plots of sized 20 m x 10 m. The field efficiency and planting efficiency of the transplanter were 83.33% and 95%, respectively. Percent damaged (3.33%) and missing (5.33%) hills were higher in mechanical transplanting method and percent floating (4.33%) hill was higher in case of manual transplanting method. The average labor input in mechanical transplanting was 1.4 man-day/ha where 25 man-day/ha was in case of manual transplanting. The total production costs were 53612 tk/ha and 49304 tk/ha for manual transplanting and mechanical transplanting methods, respectively. Crop established with mechanical transplanting method resulted in higher average grain yield of 6.66 t/ha than manual transplanting method resulted average grain yield of 5.83 t/ha. The net return of manual and mechanical transplanting method were 42310 and 61080 tk/ha, respectively. The benefit cost ratios (BCR) were 2.24 and 1.78 for mechanical transplanting method and manual transplanting method, respectively. Kukje self-propelled rice transplanter should have break-even area coverage more than 10 ha/yr for economic transplanting. The above result showed that the mechanical transplanting method is more economic than the manual transplanting method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v12i1.21406 J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 12(1): 161-166, June 2014

scholarly journals Effect of Conservation Tillage on Yield and Economics of Fodder Crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 529-539
Author(s):  
Rajesh Khan ◽  
Saikat Biswas ◽  
Champak Kumar Kundu ◽  
Kalyan Jana
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Soil Status

In order to find out the efficacy of conservation tillage on yield and economics of fodder crops over conventional tillage in new alluvial zone of West Bengal, a field experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, Gayeshpur, West Bengal, India during summer season of 2016 and 2017 comprising 3 tillage practices (T1: zero tillage, T2: minimum tillage, T3: conventional tillage) in main plot and 4 fodder crops (C1: maize, C2: sorghum, C3: rice bean, C4: cowpea) in subplot and replicated thrice in a split plot design. Mean data confirmed the superiority of conservation tillage over conventional tillage in improving soil status and thereby, crop performance. Cereal crop maize when grown under zero tillage produced highest green forage yield (42.33 t/ha), dry matter yield (7.84 t/ha). However, regarding crude protein yield, cowpea showed superiority over others specially when grown under zero tillage condition (1.071 t/ha). Mean data also stated that legume crops under conservation tillage remained economically more viable than cereal crops. Specifically, cultivation of cowpea under zero tillage condition was economically most profitable (B:C of 2.21) and therefore can be recommended in this region.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage and Weed Control Techniques on Energy Dynamics and Profitability of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) - Rice Cropping Sequence in Irrigated Ecosystem of C. G. Plains

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Anjum Ahmad ◽  
T. Chowdhury ◽  
Adyant Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Maximum Energy ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Energy Productivity ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field study was conducted during rabi seasons of 2010-11 and 2011-12 at the Research cum Instructional Farm of Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur, Chhattisgarh to evaluate the effect of various tillage and weed management techniques on energy dynamics and profitability of chickpea-rice cropping sequence in irrigated ecosystem of C.G. plains. The results indicate that plots were divided into main and sub plots (tillage and weed management practices). Three tillage practices viz., conventional tillage (T1),  minimum tillage (T2) and zero tillage (T3) in main plot and nine weed management practices as pendimethalin @ 1000 g ha-1 PE (W1), imazethapyr @ 80 g ha-1 PE (W2), imazethapyr @ 90 g ha-1 PE (W3), imazethapyr @ 100 g ha-1 PE (W4) at 2 DAS, imazethapyr @ 70 g ha-1 POE (W5), imazethapyr @ 80 g ha-1 POE (W6), imazethapyr @ 90 g ha-1 POE (W7) at 20 DAS, one hand weeding at 20 DAS (W8) and weedy check (W9), in sub plots. Among the various tillage practices, maximum energy use efficiency 3.74 q MJ-1 × 10-3 ha-1 and energy productivity 160.34 kg MJ-1 ha-1 were obtained with conventional tillage (T1) followed by minimum tillage (T2) and zero tillage (T3) and among the different weed control methods, maximum energy use efficiency 5.46 q MJ-1 × 10-3 ha-1 and energy productivity 233.37 kg MJ-1 ha-1 were found with one hand weeding at 20 DAS (W8) followed by post-emergence application of imazethapyr @ 90 g ha-1 (W7) followed by imazethapyr @ 80 g ha-1 PoE (W6). The economic production of experiment in terms of net return was maximum under (T1) conventional tillage Rs.19824.21 ha-1 with B:C ratio 1.19 and (W8) one hand weeding at 20 DAS Rs.19171.44 ha-1 with B:C ratio 0.95 and this was followed by @ 90 g ha-1 imazethapyr, where net return Rs.19086.74 ha-1 and B:C ratio 1.04. The minimum net return and B:C ratio was observed under zero tillage (T3) and weedy check (W9).

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