scholarly journals Effect of Conservation Tillage on Yield and Economics of Fodder Crops

2020 ◽  
pp. 529-539
Author(s):  
Rajesh Khan ◽  
Saikat Biswas ◽  
Champak Kumar Kundu ◽  
Kalyan Jana
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Central Research ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Soil Status

In order to find out the efficacy of conservation tillage on yield and economics of fodder crops over conventional tillage in new alluvial zone of West Bengal, a field experiment was conducted at Central Research Farm, Gayeshpur, West Bengal, India during summer season of 2016 and 2017 comprising 3 tillage practices (T1: zero tillage, T2: minimum tillage, T3: conventional tillage) in main plot and 4 fodder crops (C1: maize, C2: sorghum, C3: rice bean, C4: cowpea) in subplot and replicated thrice in a split plot design. Mean data confirmed the superiority of conservation tillage over conventional tillage in improving soil status and thereby, crop performance. Cereal crop maize when grown under zero tillage produced highest green forage yield (42.33 t/ha), dry matter yield (7.84 t/ha). However, regarding crude protein yield, cowpea showed superiority over others specially when grown under zero tillage condition (1.071 t/ha). Mean data also stated that legume crops under conservation tillage remained economically more viable than cereal crops. Specifically, cultivation of cowpea under zero tillage condition was economically most profitable (B:C of 2.21) and therefore can be recommended in this region.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage, Residue Management and Cropping System on the Properties of Soil

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibek Thapa ◽  
Keshab Raj Pande ◽  
Baburam Khanal ◽  
Santosh Marahatta
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Residue Removal ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Residue Retention

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of tillage practices, residue management and cropping system on soil properties at NMRP, Rampur, Chitwan from November 2015 to April 2016. The experiment was laid on Strip split design with combination of 12 different treatments i.e, zero tillage & conventional tillage as main plot in the strip, residue retention & residue removal as sub-plot factor and maize – wheat, maize + soybean – wheat & soybean – wheat cropping system as sub-sub plot factor. Three replications of the treatments were made. Soil sample before experiment and after harvest of wheat was taken (0-15cm). The experiment showed significant effect of zero tillage on organic carbon (2.169%) and on total soil nitrogen (0.112 %). Zero tillage with retention of residues is valuable tool for the conservation agriculture and helps in sustainability of soil however long-term research for the tillage management and residue retention should be conducted to highlight the major effects on change in properties of soil.Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 6(2): 164-168 

Estimation of soil water evaporative loss after tillage operation using the stable isotope technique

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-264 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Busari ◽  
F.K. Salako ◽  
C. Tuniz ◽  
G.M. Zuppi ◽  
B. Stenni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotopes ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Water Evaporation ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Evaporative Loss

Abstract Application of stable isotopes in soil studies has improved quantitative evaluation of evaporation and other hydrological processes in soil. This study was carried out to determine the effect of tillage on evaporative loss of water from the soil. Zero tillage and conventional tillage were compared. Suction tubes were installed for soil water collection at the depths 0.15, 0.50, and 1.0 m by pumping soil water with a peristaltic pump. Soil water evaporation was estimated using stable isotopes of water. The mean isotopic composition of the soil water at 0.15 m soil depth were -1.15‰ (δ18O) and -0.75‰ (δD) and were highly enriched compared with the isotopic compositions of the site precipitation. Soil water stable isotopes (δ18O and δD) were more enriched near the surface under zero tillage while they were less negative down the profile under zero tillage. This suggests an occurrence of more evaporation and infiltration under conventional then zero tillage, respectively, because evaporative fractionation contributes to escape of lighter isotopes from liquid into the vapour phase leading to enrichment in heavy isotopes in the liquid phase. The annual evaporation estimated using the vapour diffusion equation ranges from 46-70 and 54-84 mm year-1 under zero and conventional tillage, respectively, indicating more evaporation under conventional tillage compared with zero tillage. Therefore, to reduce soil water loss, adoption of conservation tillage practices such as zero tillage is encouraged.

Effect of tillage and crop establishment methods on yield and economics of cotton

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANIL KHIPPAL ◽  
KAMINI KUMARI S. Bhadauria ◽  
JASBIR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Method Of Planting ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Very High

In Haryana (India) cotton is generally sown with conventional tillage practices witnesses poor germination and plant establishment. Poor plant stand is attributed by burning of emerging plants due to very high temperature at the time of planting, which is further worsen by crust formation due to pre-monsoon showers. Keeping these points in view, an experiment was conducted with farmers' participatory research mode in village Hajwana of Kaithal district. Cotton sown with zero tillage technique resulted in approximately five percent higher yield i.e. 136.3 kg ha-1 over conventional tillage. Mean returns over variable cost of all the three years were 10.8 percent i.e. Rs. 11794 ha-1 more in zero tillage over conventional tillage. Benefit: cost ratio were 3.86, 3.86 and 4.61 in conventional method of planting, bed planting and zero tillage technique, respectively. Zero tillage planting of cotton reduced fuel consumption by 93.4 % and 91.7 % compared to bed planting and conventional planting respectively.

scholarly journals Influence of soil conservation techniques on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) in Terai region of West Bengal

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
B De ◽  
S Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Health Related

The climate of the terai region of West Bengal, India in general, is subtropical par humid to tropical with light textured acid soil with the problems like low moisture retention, low water use efficiency, leaching of bases, soil erosion, limited availability of multiple plant nutrients and restricted activity of beneficial soil micro-organisms. To combat these soil health related problems and to improve the overall productivity of North Bengal, a comparison between the conventional and conservation tillage was taken up and the immediate results were measured in terms of growth, yield attributes and yield. In the first two years of experimentation, though different growth attributes, grain yield, stover yield, and different yield attributing characters such as kernel rows cob-1, number of kernels row-1, 100 seed weight (g), number of seeds cob-1, girth of cob, length of cob and number of effective cob plant-1 were higher in conventional tillage as compared to conservation tillage but in terms of soil heath characteristics, conservation tillage had a meaningful remark from the initial years towards the future food security. Mulching @ 4 t ha-1 was found to have performed better than unmulched treatments. Application of 75% recommended dose of fertilizer + Vermicompost @ 10 t ha-1 resulted in better growth and yield attributes which directly influenced to have higher grain and stover yield. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v11i1.18390 SAARC J. Agri., 11(1): 133-147 (2013)

Effects of Conventional Tillage and Conservation Tillage on Soil Organic Carbon

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3832-3836
Author(s):  
Song Wei Jia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Carbon Sink ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystem ◽  
Warming Trend ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices

For the last decades, because of increasing attention to global change, the carbon cycle in the terrestrial ecosystem has become a hotspot problem for every country. It has 1.6 Pg/a C to release into atmosphere because of the irrational land-use, quickening the step of global warming trend. But agricultural soil has the double-sword effects. If improper soil tillage practices are adopted, agricultural soil may become the source of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. And if adopting effective management measurement and scientific tillage technology, agricultural soil may become carbon sink. This paper reviewed the effects of conventional tillage and conservation tillage on soil organic carbon (SOC), and found that conservation tillage has a huge potential for sequestrating organic carbon compared with conventional tillage. Finally, the important significance of agriculture soil carbon sequestration was discussed in detail.

The influence of tillage and crop rotation on nitrogen fixation in lentil and pea

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Matus ◽  
D. A. Derksen ◽  
F. L. Walley ◽  
H. A. Loeppky ◽  
C. van Kessel
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Pisum Sativum L

Direct seeding into standing stubble and crop diversification are two practices that are becoming widely adopted in western Canada. This study was conducted to determine: i) the influence of zero and conventional tillage on N-fixation in lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus) and pea (Pisum sativum L.), and ii) the effect of cropping history on N-fixation in lentil. Data were obtained from a crop rotation experiment being conducted on a silty clay soil in east-central Saskatchewan, which included six cereal-oilseed-cereal-pulse rotations, each managed using zero and conventional tillage practices. The finding showed that N-fixation was 10% higher by lentil and 31% higher by pea when grown using zero tillage as compared to conventional tillage practices. On average, lentil grown in highly diversified crop rotations fixed 12% more nitrogen than when grown in less diversified crop rotations. Key words: Nitrogen fixation, lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus), pea (Pisum sativum L.), zero tillage, conventional tillage

Short-term tillage practices on soil organic matter pools in a tropical Ultisol

Soil Research ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
pp. 687 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Sotomayor-Ramírez ◽  
Yusmary Espinoza ◽  
Rafael Rámos-Santana
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Plant Cover ◽  
Aggregate Size ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Equal Proportion ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Tropical Regions ◽  
Soil Organic Nitrogen ◽  
Tillage Practices

In tropical regions, pasture establishment involves tillage operations. Adoption of conservation tillage practices could result in lower costs and in improved soil quality by decreasing soil organic carbon (SOC) losses. This study investigated the effects of 3 tillage practices on the establishment of Brachiaria decumbens and on the total SOC and soil organic nitrogen (SON) content and its fractions in an Ultisol from the humid mountain zone of Puerto Rico that was previously under pasture. The treatments evaluated were no-tillage, minimum tillage, and conventional tillage (CT). At 120 days after planting (DAP), plant cover and density was improved in the CT treatment compared with the other treatments. At 180 DAP, there were no significant differences in the SOC, SON, aggregate size distribution, distribution of C within aggregate size classes, and labile C physical fractions among tillage treatments. Approximately 60% of the total SOC associated with aggregates was found within macroaggregates. About an equal proportion of the particulate organic matter (POM) was associated within aggregates and nonaggregate-protected free light fraction, and these were not affected by tillage management. Lower amounts of C mineralised after disruption of macroaggregates containing POM with high C/N ratio was probably due to immobilisation of the more labile protected C (iPOM). Labile forms of C were greater in macroaggregates than in microaggregates, yet comprised a lower proportion of total SOC, suggesting that macroaggregates have a greater proportion of C physically protected from microbial attack. The results indicate that there are no short-term changes in the tendency of the soil to lose C and N as a result of tillage practices for the establishment of pastures in this soil.

scholarly journals Effect of Tillage and Organic Mulches on Growth, Yield and Quality of Autumn Planted Maize (Zea Mays L.) and Soil Physical Properties

2013 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S.I. Zamir ◽  
H.M.R. Javeed ◽  
W. Ahmed ◽  
A.U.H. Ahmed ◽  
N. Sarwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Saw Dust ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Wheat Straw Mulch

Abstract The research work was conducted to see the effect of organic mulches and tillage practices on growth, yield and quality of autumn planted maize and soil physical properties. Four types of tillage practices i.e. conventional tillage, zero tillage, bar harrow tillage, subsoiler tillage and two types of mulching material i.e. wheat straw mulch and saw dust mulch was used. The mulching material was partially incorporated in the field after germination of crop. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Control treatment was kept for comparison. All other practices were kept uniform throughout the crop period. Data about growth and yield components were collected and analyzed statistically by fisher analysis of variance and treatment significance was measured by significant difference test at 5v% level. The results showed that zero tillage + wheat straw mulch gave maximum 1000-grain weight (341.67 g) and grain yield (6.33 t ha-1) and it was followed by conventional tillage + saw dust mulch (4.92 t ha-1). Higher protein content was recorded in Subsoiler tillage (10.26 %). Conducive soil physical conditions were observed in the zero tillage practices over the other tillage practices. On the basis of these results it could be proposed that the tillage and mulching is a very important practice to increase the yield of crop. Among different practices, zero tillage with wheat straw mulching gave maximum yield and net benefits.

scholarly journals Conservation tillage regulates soil bacterial community assemblies, network structures and ecological functions in black soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhuxiu Liu ◽  
Haidong Gu ◽  
Aizhen Liang ◽  
Lujun Li ◽  
Qin Yao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Soil Carbon ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Soil Bacterial

Abstract Aims Conventional tillage is a serious threat to the stability of soil ecosystems. Understanding the response mechanisms of soil microbial community assemblies to anthropogenic activities is a major topic of ecological research. Methods Here, we investigated the bacterial community structures and assemblies in bulk and rhizosphere soils of soybeans grown with conventional tillage (moldboard plow, MP) and with conservation tillage that involved no-tillage (NT) or ridge tillage (RT) using high-throughput sequencing methods. Results We found that soil bacterial community compositions, structures and assembly processes were primarily altered by tillage practices. Briefly, in comparison to MP, NT and RT increased the relative abundances of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria Mesorhizobium sp., Bradyrhizobium sp. and Burkholderia sp., but decreased the abundance of soil carbon-degrading bacteria, especially Blastococcus sp., Streptomyces sp. and Sphingomonas sp. In addition, in comparison to MP, NT and RT resulted in more stable bacterial networks and more lower the relative contribution of homogenizing dispersal. Soil pH was the primary soil factor regulating both the bacterial community structures and assembly processes under the three tillage practices. Conclusions The altered functional bacteria under conservation tillage was mostly affiliated with biomarkers and keystone taxa, inferring that conservation tillage might contribute to biological nitrogen fixation and soil carbon sequestration.

scholarly journals Effects of conservation tillage on soil porosity in maize-wheat cropping system

2009 ◽  
Vol 55 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 327-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Tangyuan ◽  
H. Bin ◽  
J. Nianyuan ◽  
T. Shenzhong ◽  
L. Zengjia
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Capillary Porosity ◽  
Tillage Practices

A study was conducted on the effect of two single practices, including soil tillage and returning straw to soil, and their interaction on soil porosity of maize-wheat cropping system. Field experiments involved four tillage practices, including conventional tillage (C), zero-tillage (Z), harrow-tillage (H) and subsoil-tillage (S), with straw absent (A) or straw present (P). Total porosity, capillary porosity and non-capillary porosity of soil were investigated. The results showed that the soil total porosity of 0–10 soil layer was mostly affected; conventional tillage can increase the capillary porosity of soil, but the non-capillary porosity of S was the highest. Returning of straw can increase the porosity of soil. Through the analysis of affecting force, it can be concluded that interaction of soil tillage and straw is the most important factor to soil porosity, while the controlling factor to non-capillary porosity was soil tillage treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document