scholarly journals Production potential and economics of wheat, Triticum aestivum as influenced by different planting methods in Punjab, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 777-781
Author(s):  
Balkaran Singh Sandhu ◽  
Nirmaljit Singh Dhaliwal ◽  
Gurmail Singh Sandhu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Planting Methods ◽  
Tillage Method

The burning of rice straw after rice harvest in the Rice-Wheat System can be overcome by direct seeding of wheat by in standing and loose rice straw. To find out the most appropriate method of wheat sowing after rice crop in Sri Muktsar Sahib district, a field experiment was conducted with five different sowing methods including zero tillage and happy seeder. Among the different planting methods maximum grain yield was obtained with the conventional (52.26 q/ha) and happy seeder without loose straw (51.93 q/ha) planting method as compared to happy seeder with loose straw (50.83 q/ha), zero tillage (49.80 q/ha) and conventional method with mulching (49.66 q/ha). However, the benefit-cost ratio was higher by happy seeder with (2.38:1) and without loose straw (2.35:1) as compared to zero tillage method (2.31:1) and conventional (2.14:1). Higher B:C ratio with happy seeder was also due to its lesser cost of cultivation as compared to conventional method of sowing. The higher net return obtained from happy seeder with and without loose straw Rs. 50104 and Rs. 51019/ha respectively as compared zero tillage method (Rs 48663/ha) and conventional tillage method (Rs. 49856/ha). Although the grain yield under conventional method of sowing was higher but it failed to produce higher net return and B:C ratio. Happy Seeder technology is a time savings, good option against burning of rice residue in Punjab.

Effect of tillage and crop establishment methods on yield and economics of cotton

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
ANIL KHIPPAL ◽  
KAMINI KUMARI S. Bhadauria ◽  
JASBIR SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Method Of Planting ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Very High

In Haryana (India) cotton is generally sown with conventional tillage practices witnesses poor germination and plant establishment. Poor plant stand is attributed by burning of emerging plants due to very high temperature at the time of planting, which is further worsen by crust formation due to pre-monsoon showers. Keeping these points in view, an experiment was conducted with farmers' participatory research mode in village Hajwana of Kaithal district. Cotton sown with zero tillage technique resulted in approximately five percent higher yield i.e. 136.3 kg ha-1 over conventional tillage. Mean returns over variable cost of all the three years were 10.8 percent i.e. Rs. 11794 ha-1 more in zero tillage over conventional tillage. Benefit: cost ratio were 3.86, 3.86 and 4.61 in conventional method of planting, bed planting and zero tillage technique, respectively. Zero tillage planting of cotton reduced fuel consumption by 93.4 % and 91.7 % compared to bed planting and conventional planting respectively.

scholarly journals Performance of wheat cultivars at varying fertility levels under system of wheat intensification and conventional method of wheat production system

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1427-1433
Author(s):  
Kaushik Chatterjee ◽  
C.S. Singh ◽  
A.K. Singh ◽  
Ashok Kr. Singh ◽  
S.K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Straw Yield ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2009-10 at Ranchi, Jharkhand to evaluate the performance of wheat cultivars at varying fertility levels under system of wheat intensification and conventional method of cultivation. The morpho-physiological analysis of growth and yield in wheat revealed that system of wheatintensification manifested higher total tillers m-2, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, number of spikes m-2, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight resulting in higher grain and straw yield over conventional method of cultivation. The net return and benefit: cost ratio as well as the nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash was also recorded significantly higher under system of wheat intensification. Higher fertility level of 120 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 40 kg K2O ha-1 also significantly improved the plant height, total tillers m-2, leaf area index, dry matter accumulation, crop growth rate, number of spikes m-2, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, net return, benefit: cost ratio and nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash. Among the wheat cultivars, K 9107 manifested significant improvement in growth attributes at all the growth stages resulting in significantly higher yield attributes, grain yield, straw yield, net return, benefit: cost ratio and nutrient uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potash than Birsa Gehu 3, HUW 468 and K 0307. Thus it can be concluded that the wheat variety K 9107 fertilized with 120 kg N ha-1, 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 and 40 kg K2O ha-1 under System of Wheat Intensification may able to boost up the wheat productivity under irrigated ecosystem of Chhotanagpur plateau region, India.

scholarly journals Influence of Unpadded Transplanting on Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Retained Reside of Previous Mustard

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Mobarak Hossain ◽  
Mahfuza Begum ◽  
Md. Moshiur Rahman ◽  
Abul Hashem ◽  
Richard W. Bell
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Tillage Practices ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Strip Tillage ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Residue Retention

On-farm research was conducted at Gouripur sub-district under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh during boro (mid November-June) season in 2013-14 and 2014-15 to evaluate the performance of unpadded rice cultivation with crop residue retention. The rice var. BRRI dhan28 was transplanted by two tillage practices viz., puddled conventional tillage (CT) and non-puddled strip tillage (ST) and two levels of mustard residues, i.e., no residue (R0) and 50% residue (R50). The experiment had designed in a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were no significant yield differences between tillage practices and residue levels in 2013-14. But in the following year, ST yielded higher grains (5.72 t ha-1), which was about 9.36 % higher compared to CT. The higher grain yield in ST, leading to 22.23% higher BCR compared to CT. Retention of 50% residue increased by 3.15 % yield compared to no-residue, which contributed to 10.58 % higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR). The ST combine with 50 % residue retention yielded the highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1) which credited to obtain the highest BCR (1.06).

scholarly journals Influence of mulching, liming and farm yard manures on production potential, economics and quality of maize (Zea mays L.) under rainfed condition of Eastern Himalaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Eastern Himalaya ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Benefit Cost

A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of mulching, liming and farm yard manures on productivity and quality of maize on a sandy loam soil at Agricultural Research Farm of ICAR RC NEH Region Nagaland Centre, Jharnapani, Medziphema during two consecutive rabi seasons of 2010-12 under the rainfed conditions of Eastern Himalaya. Treatment comprised of two mulches (without mulch and straw mulch) in main plot, four levels of lime (control, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 t/ha) in sub plot and three levels of farm yard manures (4, 8 and 12 t/ha) in sub-sub plot and replicated thrice in split-split plot design. The significant improvement in yield attributes (cob length, number of rows/cob, number of grain/row, number of grain/cob and 1000-grain weight), yields (grain, stover and biological), economics (gross, net returns and benefit: cost ratio) and quality attributes (carbohydrate, starch and sugar) of maize were recorded in straw mulched plot over no mulch in both the years. The straw mulching recorded 15.9 and 16.5% increase in grain yield and 20.4 and 22.2% in stover yield over no mulch. Application of 0.6 t lime/ha in furrow recorded the significantly higher yield attributes, grain yield (3.85 and 3.97 t/ha), stover yield (4.16 and 4.33 t/ha), gross return (41.87 and 43.25 ×103/ha), net return (28.45 and 29.83 ×103/ha) and benefit: cost ratio (1.55 and 1.63) and quality attributes over rest of the levels, respectively. Application of farm yard manures @ 12 t/ha noted significantly higher yield attributes yield and quality attributes of maize over rest of the treatments. Similar effect of these treatments was observed on gross return of Rs. 40.75 and 41.78 × 103/ ha, net return of Rs. 27.5 and Rs. 28.53 × 103/ha and benefit : cost ratio of 1.52 and 1.57 in both the years, respectively.

scholarly journals Happy Seeder Machine Enable Direct Drilling of Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in Rice-wheat Cropping System

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Balkaran Singh Sandhu ◽  
Nirmaljit Singh Dhaliwal
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Conventional Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Net Return ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
The Cost

A field experiment was conducted during Rabi 2015-16, 2016-17 and 2017-18 by Krishi Vigyan Kendra Muktsar, to find out the performance of happy seeder machine for sowing of wheat after rice crop. Happy seeder tackles the problem of paddy straw which can convert this waste into resource. In the area, farmers generally burn rice residues because they felt that it interferes with tillage and seeding operations for the succeeding crops and it has no much economical use. The average grain yield revealed that happy seeder sown crop gave 47.5 q/ha grain yield as compared to 49.6 q/ha in conventional sown method. Net return was calculated during all the years. Happy seeder sown crop gave higher net return (Rs 55279.2/ha) from conventional method (Rs. 52189.7/ha). Net return was higher due to less cost of cultivation (Rs. 22325/ha) from Rs 28641.6/ha under conventional sowing method. So with Happy seeder, low cost of production with respect to conventional tillage system gave maximum net return and it is a cost effective technology. The cost of cultivation in happy seeder was also lesser than conventional method mainly due to less cost on tillage preparation, saving in weedicides, fertilizers etc. Farmers are more interested in variable costs and economic return of newly introduced enterprises. Economic analysis assists researches to plan their research for detailed investigation and to make decision, so that it may be recommended to the farmers. So, economic analysis is essential to check the profitability and net return of the system.

Effect of Sunflower Residues and Herbicide on Weed Suppression, Grain Yield and Economics of Transplanted Aman Rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-58
Author(s):  
SS Tanu ◽  
P Biswas ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
SC Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Environmentally Sound

A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali from July 2018 to November 2018 to evaluate the effect of sunflower residues and herbicides on the yield and economic performance of transplanted Aman rice. Weed control methods tested were T1 = weedy check (Unweeded control), T2 = Weed-free check by hand weeding twice, T3 = Pendimethalin, T4 = Pretilachlor, T5 = Butachlor, T6 = Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T7 = Bensulfuron methyl + Acetachlor, T8 = Bispyriback sodium, T9 = 2,4-D amine, T10 = MCPA, T11 = Sunflower residues, T12 = Sunflower residues + 100% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T13 = Sunflower residues + 75% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl, T14 = Sunflower residues + 50% Pyrazosulfuron ethyl. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with fourteen treatments replicated thrice. Weedy check registered significantly the highest total weed density (354.67 m-2) and total weed dry matter (51.81 g-2) while weed-free treatment by hand weeding twice recorded significantly the lowest total weed density (6.67 m-2) and total weed dry matter 0.49 g-2) . Weedy check produced the highest weed index (34.24%) and hand weeding produced the lowest. Among different herbicides applied alone, butachlor had the lowest total weed density (15 m-2) and total weed dry matter (6.43 g-2) after hand weeding. Hand weeding recorded the highest grain yield (5.14 t ha-1) which was statistically similar to pendimethalin, pretilachlor, butachlor, bensulfuron methyl + acetachlor and sunflower residues + 100% pyrazosulfuron ethyl. Higher grain yield was attributed to a higher number of panicle m-2, number of filled grains panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight. The highest gross margin (22955 Tk. ha-1) and benefit-cost ratio (1.32) were obtained from butachlor. Integration of sunflower residues with pyrazosulfuron ethyl produced effective weed suppression and satisfactory yield comparable to butachlor. Although the integration is less profitable than butachlor the farmers can use this technology as a feasible and environmentally sound approach in transplanted Aman rice field. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 47-58

scholarly journals Impact of Different Water Management Regimes on the Growth, Productivity, and Resource Use Efficiency of Dry Direct Seeded Rice in Central Punjab-Pakistan

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151
Author(s):  
Sadam Hussain ◽  
Saddam Hussain ◽  
Zubair Aslam ◽  
Muhammad Rafiq ◽  
Adeel Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Water Productivity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Benefit Cost

Dry direct-seeded rice has been shown to save irrigation water and labor. Nonetheless, irrigation management in dry direct-seeded rice has received very little attention. Here, we examined the potential of different irrigation regimes: aerobic rice (AR), alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF) in dry direct-seeded rice cultivation on two rice cultivars (Pride-1 (hybrid indica) and NB-1 (inbred indica)). Growth, yield attributes, grain yield, total water input, water productivity and benefit cost ratio were measured. Our results showed that AR saved 11.22 and 28.40%, and 5.72 and 32.98% water compared with AWD and CF during 2018 and 2020, respectively. There was a significant difference in grain yield among treatments and cultivars. AWD and CF produced statistically same total dry weight and grain yield, while AR reduced the total dry weight by 31.34% and 38.04% and grain yield by 34.82% and 38.16% in comparison to AWD and CF, respectively, across the years. Except for 1000-grain weight and harvest index in AWD and CF, further differences in total dry weight and grain yield among irrigation treatments were primarily correlated with variations in yield attributes. Among the cultivars, hybrid rice performed better than inbred rice. Over the two-year period, hybrid rice increased total dry weight, grain yield, and water productivity by 9.28%, 13.05%, and 14.28%, respectively, as compared to inbred rice. Regarding water productivity (WP), the maximum percentage (40.90 and 26.53%) was recorded for AWD compared to AR and CF. Among cultivars, more water productivity (14.28%) was calculated for hybrid rice than inbred one. Chlorophyll and carotenoid contents, leaf area index and crop growth rate contributed to higher grain yield of hybrid rice under AWD and CF. In contrast to WP, the maximum benefit cost ratio was estimated to be higher for CF than that of AR and AWD. For the cultivars, the maximum value (2.26 in 2018 and 2.32 in 2020) was calculated for hybrid rice compared with the inbred one. In conclusion, these results suggests that AWD with maximum WP and CF with maximum BCR could be more efficient approaches than AR. Under CF, hybrid rice cultivars with higher yield and yield-related attributes, WP and BCR performed better.

scholarly journals Effects of conservation agriculture on productivity and Economics of maize-wheat based cropping systems in midwestern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63
Author(s):  
K Pariyar ◽  
A Chaudhary ◽  
P Sapkota ◽  
S Sharma ◽  
CB Rana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Equivalent Yield

The effects of two tillage methods (zero tillage and conventional tillage), two residue managements (residue kept and residue removed) and two levels of cropping system (maize + soybean and sole maize) were studied over 3 years (2015-2017) at Dailekh district of Nepal. Arun-2 and Puja were the varieties of maize and soybean used respectively, followed by winter wheat. The results revealed that the maize + soybean system had significantly higher plant population and ear population (34.83 thousands ha-1 and 34.35 thousands ha-1, respectively), grains per row (37.1), ear length (16.6 cm) and 20.5% higher grain yield as compared to sole maize. The highest maize equivalent yield (7.92 t ha-1) was recorded in maize + soybean as compared to the lower grain yield equivalent (7.06 t ha-1) in sole maize. Zero tillage accounted relatively higher benefits (high net income and B:C ratio) as compared to conventional tillage. The residue kept plot resulted significantly higher B:C ratio (2.41) than the residue removed (2.11) and the maize + soybean recorded 82.5% greater B:C ratio compared to sole maize. Net annual income was significantly higher in zero tillage, residue kept and maize + soybean system (NRs. 223072.00, 222958.00 and 269016.00 ha-1 respectively). Such combinations are recommended for Dailekh district of Nepal to have profitable crop productivity. SAARC J. Agri., 17(1): 49-63 (2019)

scholarly journals Crop productivity as affected by fertilizer management options in Boro -T.aman cropping pattern at farmers' fields

1970 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-296
Author(s):  
M Akkas Ali ◽  
M Robiul Alam ◽  
MSH Molla ◽  
F Islam
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Plant Nutrient ◽  
Fertilizer Management ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio

The experiment was conducted at multilocation testing (MLT) site, Sujanagar, Pabna during the year of 2003-2004 to find out a soil test based economically viable fertilizer recommendation for the cropping pattern Boro-T. aman. Six treatments viz., moderate yield goal (MYG), high yield goal (HYG), integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS), recommended fertilizer of FRG' 97 (BARC) guide (RF), farmers' practice (FP), and absolute control were employed for the study. The grain yield of Boro and T. aman rice increased 18 and 14%, respectively, by IPNS compared to farmers' practice. Total grain yield of rice was increased by about 16% in the IPNS fertilizer package compared to farmers' practice. Fertilizer nutrients supplied both from organic and inorganic sources in adequate amount have a positive effect on productivity of soil. On an average it was found that highest grain yields of Boro rice (5.37 t/ha) and T. aman (4.49 t/ha) were obtained from integrated plant nutrient system (IPNS) where farmers’ practice gave yield of 4.55 and 3.94 t/ha. The highest average gross margin (70385 Tk./ha) and marginal benefit cost ratio (3.78) was also obtained from IPNS plots. Keywords: Crop productivity; fertilizer management; cropping pattern. DOI: 10.3329/bjar.v35i2.5892Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 35(2) : 287-296, June 2010

scholarly journals Effects of the components of conservation agriculture on the profitability of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Eastern Gangetic Plain of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-337
Author(s):  
Hossain M ◽  
◽  
Begum M ◽  
Rahman M ◽  
Hashem A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Gangetic Plain ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Residue Retention

A two year longer on-farm research on conservation agriculture was conducted at Bhangnamari area of Bangladesh during November-June in 2014-15 and 2015-16 to evaluate the performance of non-puddled rice cultivation under increased crop residue retention. The rice variety BRRI dhan28 was transplanted under puddled conventional tillage (CT) vs. non-puddled strip tillage (ST) with 50% standing residue (R50) vs. conventional no-residue (R0) practice. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with four replications. There were no significant yield differences between tillage practices and residue levels in 2014-15. But in the following year, ST yielded 9% more grain compared to CT leading to 22% higher BCR. Retention of 50% residue increased yield by 3% over no-residue, which contributed to 10% higher benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Results of this two year on-farm study confirmed that the ST combined with 50% residue retention yielded the highest grain yield (5.81 t ha-1) which contributed to produce the highest BCR (1.06).

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