Differential Incubation Temperature Effects on Growth of Hisex Brown Chick Embryos and Development of Their Visceral Organs

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 418-424
Author(s):  
M. I. Chelnokova
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
Visceral Organs

Incubation temperature effects on hatchling growth and metabolic rate in the African spurred tortoise, Geochelone sulcata

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Day B. Ligon ◽  
Joseph R. Bidwell ◽  
Matthew B. Lovern
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Resting Metabolic Rate ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Temperature Preference ◽  
Mass Conversion ◽  
Competing Hypotheses

We tested competing hypotheses regarding the persistence of temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in the African spurred tortoise (Geochelone sulcata (Miller, 1779)), by measuring the effects of incubation temperature (Tinc) on a suite of physiological and behavioral endpoints, including resting metabolic rate, yolk-to-tissue conversion efficiency, posthatching growth, and temperature preference. Correlations of these variables with Tinc could lend support to the hypothesis that TSD persists owing to sex-specific benefits of development at specific temperatures, whereas absence of Tinc effects support the null hypothesis that TSD persists simply because selection favoring alternate sex determining mechanisms is weak or absent. The metabolic rate Q10 value exhibited temporal variation and was higher immediately after hatching compared with 40 or 100 days posthatching, and mass conversion efficiency varied among clutches. Incubation temperature correlated inversely with duration of embryonic development, but did not influence yolk conversion efficiency, growth, or resting metabolic rate. Thus, our results provide little evidence indicating contemporary benefits of TSD, suggesting that TSD in G. sulcata is no longer evolutionarily adaptive but persists because selection against it and in favor of other sex-determining mechanisms is weak, or that TSD is an adaptive trait but for reasons not elucidated by this study.

scholarly journals Interspecific Variation in Temperature Effects on Embryonic Metabolism and Development in Turtles

ISRN Zoology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Day B. Ligon ◽  
Matthew B. Lovern
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Effects ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Temperature Acclimation ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Measured Temperature ◽  
Turtle Species ◽  
Metabolic Compensation ◽  
Apalone Spinifera

We measured temperature-induced differences in metabolic rates and growth by embryos of three turtle species, Macrochelys temminckii, Trachemys scripta, and Apalone spinifera, at different, constant, temperatures. Oxygen consumption rate (VO2) was measured during development and used to characterize changes in metabolism and calculate total O2 consumption. Results from eggs incubated at different temperatures were used to calculate Q10s at different stages of development and to look for evidence of metabolic compensation. Total O2 consumption over the course of incubation was lowest at high incubation temperatures, and late-term metabolic rate Q10s were <2 in all three species. Both results were consistent with positive metabolic compensation. However, incubation temperature effects on egg mass-corrected hatchling size varied among species. Apalone spinifera hatchling mass was unaffected by temperature, whereas T. scripta mass was greatest at high temperatures and M. temminckii mass was lowest at high temperatures. Hatchling mass : length relationships tended to correlate negatively with temperature in all three species. Although we cannot reject positive metabolic compensation as a contributor to the observed VO2 patterns, there is precedence for drawing the more parsimonious conclusion that differences in yolk-free size alone produced the observed incubation temperature differences without energetic canalization by temperature acclimation during incubation.

The effect of high temperature incubation upon the myocardial glycogen in the chick embryo

Development ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-280
Author(s):  
John M. Delphia ◽  
John Elliott
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Incubation Temperature ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Chick Embryos ◽  
One Stage ◽  
Accelerate Growth ◽  
Small Intestines ◽  
Incubation Temperatures

Numerous studies have shown that high temperature incubation for the chick embryo will accelerate growth. Ancel & Lallemand (1941) reported that, with incubation temperatures of 39·0 to 42·0°C. during the 3rd through the 6th day of incubation, 49·2 per cent, to 62·7 per cent, of the specimens expressed Coelosomia. This malformation is characterized by the eventration of the viscera through a body cleft. Delphia & Eveleth (1961) found that continuous incubation of chick embryos at 40·0°C. resulted in Coelosomia of the heart, liver, ventriculus and small intestines in 63 per cent, of the specimens. Further studies by Delphia (1963) indicated that, with a continuous incubation temperature of 40·0°C, the embryos were advanced in growth stages (Hamburger-Hamilton, 1951) by one stage and were 1·3 times heavier than normally incubated specimens at 8 days incubation. At this time (8 days incubation) coelosomia is demonstrated clearly.

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