scholarly journals Anatomical Study of Some Species of the Brassicaceae Family

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Hassan Kadhim ◽  
Ahmed Abies Moter
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Science Department ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Complex Cells ◽  
Brassicaceae Family

Study complete in postgraduate laboratories at the College of Science, Department of Biology, University of Kufa. The anatomical study revealed a variation in the formation of complex cells and epidermal cells, where they differed in their shapes and were irregular with wavy ridges and on the axial surfaces in R. sativusvar red L. and R. sativuslongipinntus L. Their walls were weak jagged in only R. raphenstrum. Also, the stomata were located on both sides of the leaf blade, and the upper epidermis contained fewer stomata compared to the lower epidermis.

Anatomy of two species of Plumbago : a traditional medicinal plant and its relevance for taxonomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Taxonomic Significance ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Abundance And Distribution ◽  
Shape And Size

Plumbago is a traditional medicinal plant in Ayurveda. The paper presents anatomical study of leaf, petiole, stem and root of two species of Plumbago namely P. zeylanica, P. auriculata and, its relevance in discrimination of these two species. Anatomical features of leaf which are of diagnostic value in delimitation of both taxa are outline of T. S.,shape and size of epidermal cells, presence of sclerenchyma surrounding the vascular bundles, number of tannins cells. Characters of taxonomic significance in petiole anatomy are outline of T. S, presence of trichomes, shape and size of epidermal cells, abundance of collenchyma, arrangement and number of vascular bundles, presence of sclerenchyma surrounding vascular bundles, number of tannin cells. The diagnostically useful anatomical features of stem to discriminate both taxa of Plumbago are degree of elevation of stem ridges, occurrence of double layered epidermis, size of epidermal cells, distinctness of endodermis, abundance and distribution of pericyclicsclerenchyama, number of vascular bundles. Anatomical features of taxonomic significance in root are width of cortex and abundance of starch grains in cortex cells, abundance and distribution of pericyclics clerenchyama, amount of vascularization, distribution, diameter and density of vessels, width of medullary ray.

Effects of Varying Salinity on Leaf Ultrastructure of Zannichellia Palustris

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (S2) ◽  
pp. 62-63
Author(s):  
A.D. Barnabas ◽  
R. Jimmy ◽  
K. Govender ◽  
W.J. Przybylowicz ◽  
J. Mesjasz-Przybylowicz
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
High Salinity ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Nuclear Microprobe ◽  
Elemental Distribution ◽  
Leaf Ultrastructure ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Freeze Dried

Zanichellia palustris is a submerged halophyte which occurs in waters of low salinity (5%o to 10%o). It is not capable of surviving at high salinity. Reasons for its inability to tolerate hypersaline conditions is important to our understanding of its biology. in the present study, leaf ultrastructure of plants growing at normal salinity was compared with plants growing at high salinity so as to assess the effects of hypersalinity. Attention was focused on ultrstructural changes occurring in leaf blade epidermal cells.Plants were grown in seawater at two salinities : 10%o (control) and 20%o (high salinity). Pieces of mature leaf blades from both treatments were harvested and prepared for Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) following standard procedures. in addition, the overall distribution and concentration of chlorine (Cl) in the leaves was ascertained since it is the most abundant anion in seawater and is important in considerations of salt tolerance in submerged halophytes. Cl was determined by means of a nuclear microprobe. Pieces of sectioned leaves were rapidly frozen, freeze dried and carbon coated. Elemental distribution maps of Cl were obtained using the true elemental imaging system (Dynamic Analysis). Two complementary techniques, Proton Induced X-Ray Emission (PLXE) and Proton Back Scattering (BS) were performed simultaneously using the GeoPIXE suite of programmes. Sample thickness and composition of major elements were obtained from the BS spectra.The ultrastructural morphology of leaf blade epidermal cells, which possess transfer cell characteristics differed at each salinity. While the cytoplasm was well preserved in epidermal cells of plants at the control salinity : 10%o (Fig 1), considerable cytoplasmic damage occurred in epidermal cells of plants at high salinity, in the form of breakdown of membranes such as the plasmamembrane and tonoplast, and senescence of various organelles including chloroplasts and mitochondria (Fig. 2).

scholarly journals Early detection of injuries in leaves of Clusia hilariana Schltdl. (Clusiaceae) caused by particulate deposition of iron

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Ismael Rocha ◽  
Luzimar Campos da Silva ◽  
Eduardo Gusmão Pereira ◽  
Bruno Francisco Sant'Anna-Santos ◽  
Elisa Rodrigues Gontijo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Anticlinal Wall ◽  
Abaxial Surface ◽  
Particulate Deposition ◽  
Particulate Iron ◽  
Young Leaves ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Clusia Hilariana ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

This study aims to evaluate the prognostic value of microscopic parameters of asymptomatic leaves of Clusia hilariana Schltdl. subjected to particulate deposition of iron (2.14 mg cm-2 day-1) for 45 consecutive days. Samples of young and expanded leaves without symptoms were collected and subjected to light and scanning electron microscopy techniques. The height of the epidermal cells on both surfaces of the leaf and the thickness of the hypodermis, the chlorophyll parenchyma, and the leaf blade were measured. Micromorphological injury occurred in the abaxial surface of young leaves and on both surfaces of expanded leaves. Erosion of the epicuticular wax and cuticle rupture were frequent on the adaxial surface, while on the abaxial surface of both leaves there was a loss of sinuosity on the anticlinal wall of the epidermal cells, stomatal deformity and obstruction. Micromorphometric alterations were seen in all leaf tissues except in the height of epidermic cells, probably due to the thick cuticle and prominent cuticular flanges. The highest difference in thickness of the leaf blade was seen in young leaves of plants subjected to SPMFe, indicating greater sensibility to particulate iron in comparison to the expanded leaves. The micromorphological and micromorphometric alterations in the leaf blade of Clusia hilariana Schltdl. showed the prognostic potential of these tools on the evaluation of impacts caused by the deposition of particulate matter, especially in the 'Restinga' natural vegetation, where the exposure is increasing due to the presence of iron ore industry in their surroundings.

scholarly journals Comparative anatomical study of leaf tissues of scab resistant and susceptible apple cultivars

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Varga ◽  
L. Udvardy
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Anatomical Study ◽  
Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Blade Thickness ◽  
Palisade And Spongy Parenchyma ◽  
Golden Delicious ◽  
Leaf Tissues ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Cell Thickness

According to previous studies some anatomical features seem to be connected with resistance or susceptibility to scab caused by Venturia ineaqulis (Cke./Wint.) in case of a given cultivar. Study of leaf anatomy of three scab resistant (‘Prima’, ‘Florina’, MR–12) and two susceptible (‘Watson Jonathan’, ‘Golden Delicious Reinders’) apple cultivars have been made. Preserved preparations made of leaves has been studied by light microscope. Studied parameters were: thickness of leaf blade, thickness of palisade and spongy parenchyma, thickness of epidermal cells, thickness of the cuticle. By measuring leaf thickness and epidermal cell thickness visible differences appeared in certain cultivars, while most conspicuous difference has been shown in thickness of the cuticle.

Effects of Varying Salinity on the Endoplasmic Reticulum System in Leaf Epidermal Cells of Ruppia Maritima

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (S2) ◽  
pp. 97-98
Author(s):  
A.D. Barnabas
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Leaf Blade ◽  
Membrane System ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Ruppia Maritima ◽  
Selective Staining ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Aqueous Mixture ◽  
Conventional Manner

Ruppia maritima L. is a submerged halophyte which is capable of growing in a wide range of salinities. In a previous study, the effects of varying salinity on the ultrastructure of leaf blade epidermal cells of R. maritima were investigated. The ultrastructural morphology of the cells, including organelle number and distribution, differed at different salinities. However, salinity effects on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) system could not be assessed since this cytoplasmic component was not readily discernible in material processed in the conventional manner for transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the present study, selective staining of the ER was achieved, and the response of this membrane system to different salinities ascertained.Leaf material from plants growing at two salinities (5‰and 20‰) was examined. The zinc iodide-osmium tetroxide (ZIO) impregnation technique was used to stain the ER, and its morphology and distribution determined in leaf blade epidermal cells exposed to the different salinities. Leaf samples were fixed in glutaraldehyde, post fixed in an aqueous mixture of ZIO, dehydrated, and embedded in resin. Controls were processed in exactly the same way, but without ZIO post fixation. Sections with dark gold to purple interference colours were cut and examined unstained with a Phillips 301 TEM.

Bourgeonnement in vitro a partir d'épiderme séparé de feuille de Bryophyllum Daigremontianum (Crassulacées)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (9) ◽  
pp. 852-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bigot
Keyword(s):  
Solid Medium ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
The Other ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Bud Formation

The lower epidermis from leaves of Bryophyllum Daigremontianum Berger has been mechanically separated and cultured in liquid or solid medium; cytokinin and auxin in combination have been necessary to obtain a lamellar callus, with the Murashige and Skoog's macroelements being more efficient than White's, Knop's, or Lin and Staba's. Numerous buds have been initiated after 3 or 4 weeks, especially with naphthaleneacetic acid (1 mg/litre) in combination with 6-benzylaminopurine (0.2 mg/litre). The best results for bud formation have been obtained with the epidermis of the first and second well developed leaves. The buds, rooted in vitro, developed into normal plants. The histological study has showed that the callus was originated only from the banal epidermal cells. The stomatic cells have not been activated and died. The other tissues of the leaf have never produced any bud in the same culture conditions; then, as for other species, the epidermis has a greater ability to initiate a budding programme.

scholarly journals The micromorphological and anatomical properties of Onosma angustissimum Hausskn. & Bornm. and O. cassium Boiss. (Boraginaceae)

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Öznur Ergen Akçin ◽  
Riza Binzet
Keyword(s):  
Endemic Species ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Root Structure ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Secondary Root ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Anatomical Properties

The micromorphological and anatomical properties of Onosma angustissimum Hausskn. & Bornm. and O. cassium Boiss. were investigated. O. angustissimum is an endemic species. All examined taxa had secondary root structure. Crystals were seen in the stem and leaves of two species. Epidermal cells containing crystal needles were observed in O. cassium. Studied Onosma species had isobilateral type of leaves. Stomata were anisocytic and anomocytic. Glandular and eglandular trichomes especially porrect-stellate and simple trichomes were densely seen on the both upper and lower epidermis of leaves in two species. Stomata index was different in O. cassium from O. angustissimum.Keywords: Boraginaceae; Onosma; Morphology; Anatomy; LM; SEMDOI: 10.3329/bjpt.v17i1.5386Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 17(1): 1-8, 2010 (June)

scholarly journals Micromorphology and anatomy of three Symphytum (Boraginaceae) taxa from Turkey

1970 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oznur Ergen Akcin ◽  
Hilal Baki
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Micromorphology And Anatomy ◽  
Scanning Electron

Symphytum asperum Lepechin, S. ibericum Steven and S. sylvaticum Boiss. were examined morphologically, micromorphologically and anatomically. Scanning electron microscopy was used to examine leaf surface and trichomes of these species. These species had bifacial and hypostomatous leaf types. Epidermal cells of leaves were usually polygonal or irregular in form. The pattern of anticlinical cells may vary in different species and between the upper and lower epidermis of the same species. Stomata are anisocytic and anomocytic in three species. Stomata index is 27.5 for S. sylvaticum, 24.65 for S. ibericum and 21.86 for S. asperum glandular trichomes are capitate in forms and more dense on the lower epidermis than upper epidermis. Eglandular trichomes are simple, short or long, unicellular or multicellular and thin or thick. Key words: Micromorphology, Anatomy, Symphytum DOI = 10.3329/bjb.v36i2.1496 Bangladesh J. Bot. 36(2): 93-103, 2007 (December)   

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