scholarly journals Morphological features of spermatogenesis in rats after targeted irradiation with electrons of variable doses

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
G.A. Demyashkin ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Therapy Effect ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Spermatogenic Epithelium

Introduction. Today, a primary concern of humanity is male infertility. Recent figures suggest that the disease affects 186 million people worldwide, and its prevalence increases as men get older. In literature the radiation therapy effect on the male reproductive system is debated. Over the past decade, scientific and technological progress has definitely accelerated the development of the radiation therapy methods, and as new devices have emerged, there is a need to carefully select new dosing regimens. The aim of the experimental study was to evaluate morphological spermatogenesis indicators after targeted irradiation with electrons of variable doses. Materials and methods. Wistar rats (n=70) were once subjected to targeted ionizing irradiation on a pulsed electron accelerator NOVAC 11 with doses of 2 Gy, 4 Gy, 6 Gy, 8 Gy, 10 Gy, and 12 Gy, and a week later spermatogenesis was assessed with light microscopy. Results. In the experimental groups, we revealed a decrease in the number of germ cells; signs of degenera-tive changes and lysis of spermatids and spermatozoa; the appearance of intense pyknotic nuclei in primary spermatocytes; and a sharp decrease in the number of spermatogonia and Sertoli and Leydig cells without change in their structure. In the irradiation groups of 8–12 Gy, there was the deepest damage to the tubules, up to spermatogenic epithelium aplasia, and extensive vacuolization. Conclusion. In the testes, we observed dose-dependent progressive pathological changes in tissue structure as well as a decrease in the number of spermatogonia and other germ cells on day 7 after irradiation with a pulsed electron accelerator NOVAC 11. Keywords: electron irradiation, male infertility, spermatogenesis, seminal globs

Calculation of the radiation dose absorbed by human biological tissue when using imaging equipment in radiоtherapy

2021 ◽  
pp. 56-59
Author(s):  
Irina M. Lebedenko ◽  
Sergej S. Khromov ◽  
Taras V. Bondarenko ◽  
Evgenij M. Chertenkov
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Biological Tissue ◽  
Electron Accelerator ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Tube Voltage ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Monte Carlo Method ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
Dose Control

Considered the issues of X-ray dose control during diagnostic and therapeutic procedures using imaging tools. The dose of X-ray radiation from the visualization devices absorbed by the biological tissue of a person was determined when monitoring the position of the patient on the therapeutic table of the electron accelerator before the radiation therapy session. The processes of transmission of photons and electrons through the medium were simulated, and the X-ray spectra were measured. The emission spectrum of the Varian G-242 Rotating Anode X-ray Tube was obtained using an XR-100-CdTe spectrometer. The absorbed dose is calculated by the Monte Carlo method. The absorbed dose in the water phantom at tube voltage up to 80 kV was 0,9–1,5 mGy.

Induction of cell—cell adhesion by monovalent antibodies in a germ cell culture

Development ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-222
Author(s):  
Wai Chang Ho ◽  
Kathleen B. Bechtol
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cell Adhesion ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Antigen Expression ◽  
Fab Fragment ◽  
Cell Age ◽  
Dose Dependent Fashion ◽  
Dose Dependent

Four monoclonal antibodies, XT-I, MT-23, MT-24 and MT-29, that bind the XT-1-differentiation-antigen of male germ cells have been used to investigate the biological role of the XT-1-molecule of germ cells in short-term primary culture. Cultures from 10 days postpartum mice demonstrate increasing numbers of antigen-positive germ cells and increased antigen expression per cell with succeeding days of culture. Treatment of the antigen-positive cultures with three of the monoclonal antibodies, XT-I, MT-23 and MT-24, increases germ cell-germ cell adhesion in a dose-dependent fashion. Treatment with the fourth monoclonal antibody, MT-29, does not induce cell adhesion. The monovalent, Fab fragment of XT-I-antibody also elicits tight cell adhesion, thus ruling out antibody cross linking of molecules or cells. Saturating or near saturating amounts of the positive antibodies are required to produce adhesion, a result consistent with perturbation of a function that is performed by the sum of action of many of the XT-1-molecules on the cell. The ability of germ cells to undergo antibody-elicited tight adhesion is dependent on germ cell age and/or XT-1-antigen concentration. We hypothesize that the XT- 1-molecule is involved in regulation of cell adhesion, an event which must occur in normal development.

DECREASED AMOUNTS OF DESOXYRIBOSE NUCLEIC ACID (DNA) IN MALE GERM CELLS AS A POSSIBLE CAUSE OF HUMAN MALE INFERTILITY

1956 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 272-278
Author(s):  
Cecilie Leuchtenberger ◽  
D.R. Weir ◽  
F. Schrader ◽  
R. Leuchtenberger
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Male Infertility ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Male Germ Cells ◽  
Human Male ◽  
Possible Cause

Rat liver tolerance for partial resection and intraoperative radiation therapy: Regeneration is radiation dose dependent

1990 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurizio Bossola ◽  
Hollis W. Merrick ◽  
Ahmed Eltaki ◽  
Rocco Bellantone ◽  
Andrew J. Milligan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Partial Resection ◽  
Intraoperative Radiation Therapy ◽  
Intraoperative Radiation ◽  
Dose Dependent

Specific Expression of VCY2 in Human Male Germ Cells and Its Involvement in the Pathogenesis of Male Infertility

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 746-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.Y.M. Tse ◽  
E.Y.M. Wong ◽  
A.N.Y. Cheung ◽  
W.S. O ◽  
P.C. Tam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Male Infertility ◽  
Germ Cells ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Male Germ Cells ◽  
Human Male

scholarly journals Optimal Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy Dosage For Hepatocellular Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Shi Su ◽  
Ying Zhou ◽  
Yong Huang ◽  
Tao Cheng ◽  
Ping Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy ◽  
Progression Free Survival ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy ◽  
Stereotactic Body Radiation ◽  
Dosing Regimens ◽  
Radiotherapy Dose ◽  
Free Rate

AbstractBackground and purposeThe optimal dose and fractionation scheme of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear due to different tolerated liver volumes and degrees of cirrhosis. We compared the effectiveness of stereotactic body radiation therapy dosing regimens for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods and materialsThis single-center retrospective study included 604 patients treated during 2011-2017. Biologically effective dose (BED10) and equivalent dose in 2 Gym fractions (EQD2) were assumed at an α/β ratio of 10. Overall survival (OS), local recurrence-free rate (LRF), intrahepatic recurrence-free rate (IRF), and progression-free survival (PFS) was evaluated in univariable and propensity-score matched analyses.ResultsMedian tumor size was 5.2 cm (interquartile range [IQR], 1.1-21.0). Median follow-up was 31 months in surviving patients (IQR, 3-82). High radiotherapy dose correlated with better OS, PFS, LRF and IRF. Different post-SBRT OS, PFS, LRF and IRF rates were observed for stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SART) with BED10 ≥100 Gy, SBRT with EQD2 ≥74 Gy to BED10 <100 Gy, and stereotactic conservative radiotherapy (SCRT) with EQD2 <74 Gy.ConclusionsHigh radiotherapy dose correlated with better outcomes. If tolerated by normal tissue, we recommend SART as a first-line ablative dose or SBRT as a second-line radical dose. Otherwise, SCRT is recommended as palliative irradiation.

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