scholarly journals A Seminar Title On the History and Evolution of Agricultural Extension in the Ethiopia Country

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 163-176
Author(s):  
Suleyman Abdureman Omer ◽  
Nuradin Abdi Hassen

Agricultural extension service began work in Ethiopia since 1931, during the establishment of Ambo Agricultural School. But a formal Agricultural extension started since Alemaya Imperial College of Agriculture and Mechanical Arts (Haramaya) was constructed since 1953.The extension activities  of  Ethiopia during the last 50 years reveals that a range of extension approaches has been used. The approaches tended differ with each successive political regime. Different extension approaches in different political regimes, during the imperial regime the responsibility for national extension administration to the Ministry of Agriculture, extension service became one of the departments in the Ministry. And during the military regime the land reform proclamation banned the private ownership of rural lands and declared that land would be distributed to the tillers without compensation to former owners. Because of the political instability and major structural changes in the rural areas, including the formation of peasant associations and producers' cooperatives as well as the implementation of the land reform, it was not possible to carry out this plan. There was not much organized and coordinated extension work in the country until the beginning of the 1980. At the current Extension service of Ethiopia in 1991 the T & V extension approach was adopted as a national extension system with major government financing until its replacement by the Participatory Demonstration and Training Extension System in 1995. The latter was adopted from the SaSakawa Global 2000 (SG 2000) extension strategy. Agricultural extension service in Ethiopia can be given by different mandatory level such as at federal level by ministry of Agriculture, At Regional level Bureau of Agriculture, At Woreda level Agricultural and Natural Resource office, and at  Farmer Training center level  Development agent and different stockholders have responsibility of giving extension especially agriculture related extension to need holders. In Ethiopia there are different extension approaches model such as Chilalo agricultural development model (CADU), minimum package project I and II, Peasant Agricultural Development program, participatory demonstration and training extension system, farmers field school, Farmers training center and Agricultural technical and Vocational Education training (ATVET) these are the different extension approaches in Ethiopia starting from the begging up to current extension service respectively.

2016 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham Blum ◽  
Robert. H. Smith

The first agricultural extension services were created, when previous attempts to spread know-how were no longer appropriate. One of the major criteria to evaluate existing extension systems is to analyze, how they adapted their services to different client groups and to changed agro-technical, economical and social circumstances. The paper analyzes what major changes were needed in the Israeli extension system, and how the extension service adapted its work to these changes. The major challenges were: how to work with new immigrants and growers in different settlement types, how to up-grade advisers’ formal and informal knowledge level. The most critical problem came with serious cuts and governmental demand to privatize the agricultural extension service.


Author(s):  
Yeyoung Lee ◽  
Donghwan An ◽  
Taeyoon Kim

This study estimates the effects of agricultural extension on agricultural productivity in the rural area of Uganda, i.e. Mbale district. The results show that agricultural extension service in Mbale district has a significantly positive impact on bean and rice production, gross farm revenue, and profit except for maize output. It presents several contributions of agricultural extension in Mbale district. First, both worker and allocative effects on bean and rice significantly contribute to agricultural performance, implying that both effects are crucial in this region. Second, extension service for each product shows positive effects through the allocative effect rather than worker effect. Specifically, the input-selection effect is found to be a more influential contributor than input-allocation effect in this area. Overall, the findings support the hypothesis of this paper that extension increases not only farmers’ direct output, also allocative ability in crop production. The results from the three function approaches lead us to the implication that local government, development project planners or stakeholders who deliver extension in Mbale district should increase investment on public extension system for more effective extension work in order to achieve long-term goals in terms of rural development in this region.


2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Zhiguo Wang ◽  
Junbin Wang ◽  
Guoping Zhang ◽  
Zhixiong Wang

Agricultural extension service is the foundation of sustainable agricultural development. The evaluation and analysis of the agricultural extension service for sustainable agricultural development can provide an effective analytical tool for sustainable agriculture. This paper analyzes the influence of agricultural extension service on sustainable agricultural development, and constructs an evaluation system for sustainable agricultural development from the four dimensions of agricultural environment, society, economy, and agricultural extension service. This work proposes a framework based on the combination of technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and entropy method to evaluate the performance of the evaluation system. Taking three national modern agriculture demonstration zones in Suzhou in Jiangsu Province as a case study, the method was verified. Moreover, the main factors affecting sustainable agricultural development are discussed, and the improvement measures and management suggestions are also put forward to reduce the obstacles to sustainable agricultural development and improve sustainable agriculture practice.


Author(s):  
C. Sanga ◽  
V. J. Kalungwizi ◽  
C. P. Msuya

This article was designed to present the assessment of the effectiveness of radio - based, impact driven smallholder farmer extension service system provided by FVR to enhance accessibility of extension services to women and men in the project areas of Tanzania. Specifically, this paper assessed women and men farmers' access to ICT and factors influencing the utilization of ICT to deliver agricultural information and knowledge. The paper used data from impact assessment survey of the project conducted between April 2012 and June 2012. These data were complemented by focus group discussion involving members of gender advisory panel that had been established in the selected project sites. Quantitative data were analyzed to yield frequencies and percentages. Qualitative data were analyzed by content analysis. Even though ownership of mobile phones and radio was higher among women in all study areas both men and women farmers' had almost the same percentage in accessibility to agricultural extension information. The factors that affected women and men farmers to get quality agricultural information via these ICT tools were namely: poor radio signal reception, power outrage and poor timing of radio programs among others. This is important evidence that careful use of ICT can reduce gender imbalance in agricultural extension services and information delivery.


Author(s):  
B. S. Famuyiwa ◽  
O. A. Olaniyi ◽  
S. A. Adesoji

Over two-thirds of the world's poorest people are located in rural areas and engaged primarily in agriculture and agricultural-related activities for their livelihood. Therefore, the future of most underdeveloped and developing nations depends on agriculture. Most African Countries have agricultural dependent economies that are hinged to rain-fed agriculture and based on smallholdings. These countries are referred to as countries with emerging economies and characterized as having low to middle per capita income and represent 20% of the world's economies. This chapter discusses; concepts of agricultural extension methodologies assessed from past to present, appropriating extension methodologies to encourage agricultural development, identifying roles of agricultural extension activities in agricultural development and factors influencing the choice of appropriate extension methodologies in emerging economies. It concludes with the constraints to sustainable agricultural development and extension methodologies which if removed will have the potential for progression towards economy development. Developing countries should fashion a sustainable extension system that will be socially acceptable and culturally compatible, economically viable and environmentally friendly.


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