Mentoring Women's Farmer Groups in Utilizing Yard Land as an Effort for Food Security in the Pandemic Period

The objectives of this community service are: 1. assisting women farmer groups in the use of yard land, 2. educating women farmer groups in efforts to food security during the pandemic. This community service was carried out for 3 months, namely April, May, and June 2021 through the following methods: 1) lectures by the implementation team for the Women Farmer Group in Baran village, Cawas, Klaten who attended a total of 52 people regarding food security education in during the pandemic, 2) distribution of assistance for a number of vegetable seeds to be planted in a predetermined yard, 3) assistance in planting and using vegetables as a source of family nutrition. The result of this community service is that the women in Baran Village, Cawas, Klaten who are members of the Women Farmers Group have an independent business in the form of vegetable plants as a source of nutrition that can be used as a share of crop yields: from, by, for the Woman Farmer Group members.

Beginning farmers' entry and exit: evidence from county level data

PurposeThis paper identifies factors that affect entry and exit of beginning, young and women farmers and ranchers.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical framework is fixed effects regression analysis that uses county level data to evaluate how barriers to entry, access to and use of credit, local economic environment, and climate affect entry and exit of Beginning Farmers and Ranchers (BFRs). The dataset is assembled from several sources matching the Census of Agriculture years for the period of 1997–2017.FindingsResults show that new farmers are more likely to enter in counties with more and smaller farms and with lower farm productivity, indicating that BFRs have the potential to improve the overall productivity in such counties if able to grow and succeed. The results also indicate that the high capital intensity nature of farming is an effective barrier to entry. BFRs are more likely to do better in counties where agriculture is more important to the economy and with more off-farm work opportunities. The net entry is positively associated with higher input/output price index and the use of insurance but is unaffected by government payments and farm and off-farm income. The authors observe substitutability between farming and alternative self-employment for more entrepreneurial young people. Net entry increases with availability of non-real-estate loans but decreases with real estate credit. Thus, for BFRs to acquire the assets needed to reach optimal scale, access to credit remains essential.Originality/valueThe authors are not aware of other work that estimates how barriers to entry and other economic factors including access to credit affect entry and exit of BFRs of various ages and young and women farmers using the Census of Agriculture data up to 2017.

Socioeconomic Determinants of Female Development in the Rural North West Province of South Africa

Women engagement and reward systems are vital for rural development as they have a direct consequence on the improvement, equality, as well as accelerating agricultural productivity generally, and increasing food supply in particular at the local and national levels. The study highlighted the contribution of the Award Incentives and Competition (AIC) programme in enhancing women farmers’ economic strength. It also looked at how influence, change and technological know-how could improve women farmers’ participation in development programmes. It provided an overview of the determinants of female entrepreneurship development in rural North West Province using a quantitative survey method approach. One hundred and fifty-six women farmers, who were randomly selected from all districts in the province and different enterprises out of 520 eligible women farmers, participated in the study. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and inferential (Probit regression) model. Based on empirical data, the Probit regression model estimates suggested that the educational status, creation of temporary and permanent jobs, and extension sources were some of the determinants of entrepreneurial development in the study area. The study recommends that policymakers continue to advocate for education as female farmers need to participate in development programme(s).

The Development of Taro Processed Product in Women Farmers Group in Baru Village, Tabanan Bali Indonesia

The processing of food products during the pandemic is growing rapidly, resulting in processed products that are increasingly diverse and widespread in the market. To empower rural communities by improving knowledge, attitudes, skills, and behaviors, activities and mentoring programs are needed in accordance with the needs of the community. This community service activity was held in the Group of Women's Farmers “Dharma Santi”, Baru Village, Marga Sub district, Tabanan Regency, Bali Province. Taro is an untapped commodity in Baru Village. Processing taro into various products such as bread, jam, and noodles have been produced and marketed by Women Farmers Group, but marketing is still limited around the village. Farmers Group does not have adequate entrepreneurship skill, production management, and marketing. The solution to address partner problems is to provide the right technology for processing bread, jam, and taro noodles, equipment assistance, knowledge of packaging and product labeling, marketing, and entrepreneurship. The implementation of community service activities has been running smoothly. The number of participants who participated in the activity was 10 people. Based on the results of the evaluation, this group mastered the technology of making bread, jam, and taro noodles up to 75%. Further help is needed to the group so that more quality bread products, jams, and taro noodles produced have a longer shelf life as well as wider marketing.

Implementation of Automatic Plant Sprinkler Control System in RT 07 RW 08 Pabuaran Mekar Subdistrict, Cibinong, Bogor

The COVID-19 pandemic is forcing humans to adapt and be more creative. The Women Farmers Forum (KWT) group in Pabuaran Mekar receives assistance for the success of the food security program in the form of P2L (Sustainable Food Courts). The purpose of the program is to ensure that the community receives quality food from its own environment to maintain and improve the nutrition of the surrounding community. The problems faced in KWT are watering plants that still rely on humans, which is carried out in the morning and afternoon. The manufacture of an automatic plant sprinkler control system reduces the role of humans because it is equipped with a timer program. Users need to know about how to use the system to make it more durable and it is given from a presentation that is aimed as training. The survey at the end of the presentation provided feedback that the activities carried out were very good with a score of 65% of respondents in terms of more than the presentation material, and 79% of respondents rated it very much in accordance with their benefits and expectations. More than 87.5% of the respondents scored an excellent overall quality of the activities.

Determinants of Women’s Empowerment and Household Poverty Reduction in Imbulpe DS Division, Sri Lanka

Women empowerment and poverty reduction are interrelated key driving forces to achieve the sustainable development of a country. However, most of the women farmers in rural areas have lack of access to adequate assets and resources, credit facilities and freedom of decision making within the households. Therefore, women empowerment is a timely important requirement to reduce the household poverty among them. This study was conducted to identify the determinants of empowerment of women farmers and also roles of them in reduction of poverty in Imbulpe Divisional Secretariat (DS) Division in Sri Lanka. In this study, 238 women farmers were selected using simple random sampling method, from purposively identified seven Grama Niladhari (GN) divisions in this area. Primary data was gathered from a field survey using a pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire from May to July 2019. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analysis were used as the statistical methods in data analyzing process. The result revealed that, age, education, monthly income of the respondents, economic resource accessibility, participation in decision making and freedom of mobility act as the determinants of empowerment of women farmers. The moderately significant positive nature of relationship was showed between the age of the women farmers and their role in poverty reduction. And also, the level of education, monthly income, economic resources accessibility of the respondents and participation of decision making within the household of the women farmers were showed moderately significant positive relationship with their role in poverty reduction. Therefore, encourage women farmers as rural entrepreneurs while performing their farming practices to earn additional income, enhance economic resource accessibility and motivate women farmers to express their ideas for enhance the active participation in the household decision making process are timely important requirements to empower women farmers and enhance their role in poverty reduction.

YOUNG WOMEN FARMERS IN THE SCOPE OF THE YOUNG FARMERS GRANT SUPPORT PROJECT: THE CASE OF KIRIKKALE PROVINCE IN TURKIYE

This study aimed to reveal the situation of young women farmers (YWFs) who benefited from cattle farming support for three years in Kırıkkale, one of the provinces where the study was carried out. In Kırıkkale province, 397 young farmers were supported and 250 of them were YWFs. The projects with the highest grant support were cattle farming projects, and they constituted 62.22% of the projects (247 units). The rate of YWF who benefited from cattle farming support for three years was higher than young men farmers (YMF) and was determined as 59.51%. In this study, face-to-face survey questionnaires were filled in the 2020 year with 36 YWFs and 36 YMFs. As a result of the study, it was determined that YMFs have more experience in cattle breeding than YWFs. It is seen that especially YWFs are married and their families have high non-agricultural income; their husbands support especially YWFs at the application stage. 52.78% of YWFs and 69.44% of YMFs stated that they want to expand their farms with the given support. As a result of the study, it was determined that there was a significant increase in the number of animals after the given support to the young farmers, and it was revealed that the most important problem of the young farmers was that they had financial difficulties in the supply of production inputs. It is seen that this project, which has both social and economic aspects, encourages YWFs to take more part in agricultural activities. However, it is important to determine more effective criteria at the selection stage, follow up and supervise the beneficiaries of the incentives both during and after the project, and support the successful ones to grow their farms. Keywords: Young women farmers, young farmers project support, rural development, kırıkkale-Turkiye.

Simple Farming Business Bookkeeping in Nusa Serasan Village, Sungai Lilin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency

The farming bookkeeping system is still a dilemma for women farmers in Indonesia because most of them do not have complete records of the income and expenses of their farming activities. As a result, farmers cannot determine the price set and the real profit obtained. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge of farmers, especially female horticultural farmers, about farming bookkeeping and to improve the community's ability to make farming books. This activity was held in Nusa Serasan Jaya Village, Sungai Lilin District, Musi Banyuasin Regency on February 16, 2021. In this activity, the methods used were lectures and simulation practices. The presentation of the material using the lecture method and two-way discussion, followed by the simulation practice of doing simple farm bookkeeping. The results of the training activities show that the knowledge of female horticultural farmers in farming bookkeeping is still low. However, the success rate of participants in making simple farming bookkeeping is still low. Based on the results of these activities, it is recommended that participants receive retraining in filling out farm bookkeeping.

Alokasi Waktu dan Pendapatan Petani dalam Kegiatan Kelompok Wanita Tani Selakaso di Kelurahan Cibeureum, Kecamatan Lembursitu, Kabupaten Sukabumi

The Selakaso Women Farmers Group is a forum that provides opportunities for women to participate in advancing the agricultural sector. The Women Farmers Group has three roles, namely as a vehicle for learning, a vehicle for cooperation and production which is implemented by KWT Selakaso in counseling activities, gymnastics and production units. This study aims to determine the impact of farmers' time allocation in the activities of the Selakaso Women's Farmer Group on farmers' income. This study uses an explanatory method and a quantitative approach. Based on the results of the analysis that has been carried out in this study, it was found that the income of farmers from KWT Selakaso was significantly influenced by the time allocation of farmers in extension activities and the allocation of farmers' time in production activities. But it is not significantly affected by the time allocation in gymnastics or collaboration activities. So it is necessary to increase the time allocation by establishing partnerships between farmer groups and outside parties.