scholarly journals Depressed Older Patients with Death Wishes: Experimental Evidence for Psychotherapists’ Age and Health Bias

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
eva-marie kessler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Care Provision ◽  
Older Patient ◽  
Age Bias ◽  
Psychotherapeutic Treatment ◽  
Poor Physical Health ◽  
Death Wishes

Objectives: When psychotherapists encounter an older patient with depression and death wishes, especially when burdened by physical illness, they may be subject to judgmental biases. This study investigates how this group of patients with highest suicide risk may experience discrimination both on age and health status. Methods: Using a 2x2 [chronological age x physical health status] vignette design, psychotherapists (N=147) were randomly presented one of four variants of a case describing a patient with depression and death wishes (i.e., 78 years old + poor physical health; 78 years old + normal physical health; 48 years old + poor physical health; 48 years old + normal physical health). Afterwards, participants’ attitudes towards the case were assessed. Results: In case of the hypothetical patient’s old age and poor health status, participants did not underestimate the pathological significance of his death wishes, but nevertheless showed less optimistic treatment attitudes and less confidence in psychotherapeutic treatment. Conclusions: Psychotherapists’ age bias and health bias may serve as two potentially fatal factors influencing the provision of mental health services. Clinical Implications: Psychotherapists may contribute to better mental health care provision of older adults with depression and the prevention of late-life suicide by increasing awareness of their age and health bias.

scholarly journals Does physical ill-health increase the risk of suicide? A Census-based follow-up study of over 1 million people

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ifeoma Onyeka ◽  
Emma Ross ◽  
Aideen Maguire ◽  
Dermot O’Reilly
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Suicide Risk ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Physical Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Background/Main Aim Prior poor mental ill-health is a recognised risk factor for suicide but the relationship between multiple physical health conditions and suicide risk is less clear. Methods Data of 1,196,364 adults (18-90years+) enumerated in Northern Ireland’s 2011 Census records were linked to death registrations until the end of 2015. Logistic regression models were generated to determine association between physical health status and both all-cause mortality and death from suicide, with adjustment for census-based attributes including the presence of mental health status. Physical health conditions severity was assessed using limiting long-term illness (LLTI: none, a little, a lot) and number of physical health conditions. Results About 14% of the cohort (n=164,473) had physical multimorbidity (two or more conditions) and 51,672 individuals died during follow-up; 877 due to suicide. A dose-response relationship was evident between number of physical conditions and all-cause death reaching an adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of 3.79 (95%CI: 3.65–3.94) in those with 4-or-more conditions (compared to those with no physical condition), but the association between number of physical conditions and suicide risk disappeared with adjustment for mental health. LLTI however, was an independent risk factor for suicide even after adjustment for mental health (AOR 1.52, 95%CI: 1.25–1.87 for those with daily activities limited a lot). The relationship between LLTI and suicide risk was only evident at younger ages (people aged less than 60). Conclusion This study demonstrates that the number of physical conditions is not an independent risk for suicide but that activity limitation is, though only at younger ages.

scholarly journals Examining Mental and Physical Health Status Among Sandwich Generation Caregivers

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 451-451
Author(s):  
Hansol Kim ◽  
Richard Schulz ◽  
Scott Beach ◽  
Heidi Donovan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Housing Status ◽  
Gender And Race ◽  
Poor Physical Health ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
The Past ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Abstract With a sample of 54,076 caregivers, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS, 2015-2017) provides an opportunity to assess the impact of caregiving on U.S. adults varying in age, gender, and race. We focused on sandwich generation (SG) caregivers, aged 30-59, with childcare and eldercare responsibilities (n=8,805). In multivariate regression models of mental and physical health, we evaluated the association of age, gender, race and caregiving factors controlling for marital status, education, housing status, income, employment status, and self-rated health status. SG caregivers were predominantly female (65.6%), white (69.6%), black (13%) and were caring for a parent/parent-in-law (50%) or another relative (26.4%). Age, gender, and race were associated with mental health outcomes such that SG caregivers who were younger (aged 30-39), female, and white reported poorer mental health during the past month (p<.05). Older (aged 50-59), female, and white SG caregivers reported poorer physical health during the past month (p<.05). Caregiving factors were not associated with mental health, but SG caregivers who had been providing care for a longer period of time were more likely to report poor physical health in the past month. Finally, education, income, employment, housing status, and self-rated health status were statistically significant covariates in both models (p<.05). These findings demonstrate that young caregivers are at risk for poor mental health; older caregivers for poor physical health. Being female, white, with lower socioeconomic status is associated with poor mental and physical health. Future research should address the unique needs of SG caregivers with dual caregiving responsibilities.

TATUS KESEHATAN MENTAL PASIEN GOUT ARHTRITIS DI KOTA TOMOHON

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 226
Author(s):  
Desi Desi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Survey Methods ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Descriptive Approach

<span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis </span><span class="fontstyle0">is a disease known as gout, but in certain conditions this disease can cause physical<br />symptoms that are not visible to some people. When there are problems with physical health, other<br />health aspects will also have an impact. The same is true for patients diagnosed with </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis</span><span class="fontstyle0">,<br />not only physical aspects but can affect other aspects, especially when having physical symptoms such<br />as tofi. Mental health is a condition where there is a balance between emotional, behavioral and<br />cognitive. This is the basis of the importance of maintaining mental health for someone who does not<br />have physical health problems and for someone who has a disease such as </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis </span><span class="fontstyle0">patients. The<br />purpose of this study was to find out how mental health status in </span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthritis </span><span class="fontstyle0">patients in Tomohon<br />City. Quantitative research using a descriptive approach was used in this study. Data collection used<br />survey methods with questionnaires. The results showed that the majority of respondents had adequate<br />mental health (80.6%). Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that mental health status in<br /></span><span class="fontstyle0">Gout Arthriti</span><span class="fontstyle0">s patients in Tomohon City was at a sufficient level. These influenced by himself and the<br />environment around them.</span> <br /><br />

scholarly journals Psychological Distress among College Students: Role of Food Insecurity and Other Social Determinants of Mental Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monideepa B. Becerra ◽  
Benjamin J. Becerra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
College Students ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Determinant ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Gender Specific

Food insecurity is a major social determinant of health and an assessment of how it may impact college students’ mental health is imperative, as well as differential associations by self-identified gender. A cross-sectional survey was used among college students of a mid-size minority-serving institution with a final sample size of 302 participants aged 18 years or above. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable regressions were conducted, by gender, to assess the role of food insecurity (United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) six-item questionnaire), on mental health outcomes (Kessler-6 scale and self-perception). All the statistical analyses were conducted in SPSS version 24 (IBM, Corp.; Armonk, NY, USA) with an alpha less than 0.05 used to denote significance. Among those with food insecurity, the odds of reporting psychological distress (odds ratio (OR) = 3.645, p < 0.05) and an average to very poor self-perceived mental health status (OR = 2.687, p <0.05) were higher compared to their food-secure counterparts, with the results consistent in a gender-specific analysis as well. Compared to men, however, women had higher odds of psychological distress (OR = 2.280, p < 0.05), as well as reporting average to very poor self-perceived mental health statuses (OR = 2.700, p < 0.05). Among women, any alcohol use in the past 12 months (OR = 2.505, p < 0.05) and a low self-perceived physical health status (OR = 3.601, p < 0.05) were associated with an average to very poor self-perceived mental health status. Among men, a low perceived physical health status was associated with higher odds of psychological distress (OR = 3.477, p < 0.05). The results of our study highlight that food insecurity should be considered a social determinant of mental health wellbeing. In addition, gender-specific trends in mental health highlight the need for targeted interventions for prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals An Assessment of Long-Term Physical and Emotional Quality of Life of Persons Injured on 9/11/2001

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Brackbill ◽  
Howard Alper ◽  
Patricia Frazier ◽  
Lisa Gargano ◽  
Melanie Jacobson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Injury Severity ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Component Score

Fifteen years after the disaster, the World Trade Center Health Registry (Registry) conducted The Health and Quality of Life Survey (HQoL) assessing physical and mental health status among those who reported sustaining an injury on 11 September 2001 compared with non-injured persons. Summary scores derived from the Short Form-12 served as study outcomes. United States (US) population estimates on the Physical Component Score (PCS-12) and Mental Component Score (MCS-12) were compared with scores from the HQoL and were stratified by Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and injury status. Linear regression models were used to estimate the association between both injury severity and PTSD and PCS-12 and MCS-12 scores. Level of injury severity and PTSD history significantly predicted poorer physical health (mean PCS-12). There was no significant difference between injury severity level and mental health (mean MCS-12). Controlling for other factors, having PTSD symptoms after 9/11 predicted a nearly 10-point difference in mean MCS-12 compared with never having PTSD. Injury severity and PTSD showed additive effects on physical and mental health status. Injury on 9/11 and a PTSD history were each associated with long-term decrements in physical health status. Injury did not predict long-term decrements in one’s mental health status. Although it is unknown whether physical wounds of the injury healed, our results suggest that traumatic injuries appear to have a lasting negative effect on perceived physical functioning.

scholarly journals Self-perceived Workplace Discrimination And Mental Health Among Immigrant Workers In Italy: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anteo Di Napoli ◽  
Alessandra Rossi ◽  
Francesca Baralla ◽  
Martna Ventura ◽  
Rosaria Gatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Mental Health Status ◽  
Workplace Discrimination ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: Immigration process is associated with poor mental and physical health. The workplace represents an important context of social integration, and previous studies, that evaluated the effect of discrimination experienced at workplace, found worse mental health status among immigrants. The aim of this study investigated the association between self-perceived workplace discrimination and other personal experiences, like self-perceived loneliness, level of life satisfaction, and physical health and mental well-being among immigrants in Italy.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 12,408 immigrants (aged 15-64) living and working in Italy. Data derived from the first national survey on immigrants carried out by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (Istat). Mental health status was measured through the mental component summary (MCS) of the SF-12 questionnaire. A linear multivariate regression was carried out to evaluate the association between mental health status, self-perceived workplace discrimination, and sociodemographic factors; a structural equation model was used to test hypothesized relationships shown in a conceptual path analysis model.Results: Worse mental health status was independently (p<0.001) associated with self-perceived workplace discrimination (β:-1.873), self-perceived loneliness (β:-3.021), level of life satisfaction (β:-2.775), and physical health status (β:-0.088). As confirmed by structural equation model, the self-perceived workplace discrimination effect on MCS was mediated by the other factors considered: self-perceived loneliness (13.6%), level of life satisfaction (13.6%), and physical health status (3.9%).Conclusions: Our study suggest that self-perceived workplace discrimination is associated with worse mental health status in immigrant workers. These results support the hypothesis that self-perceived workplace discrimination may affect mental health status through personal experiences in the workplace and explain the effect of the exposure to workplace discrimination on immigrants’ psychological well-being. Our findings suggest that an overall public health response to facilitate the social integration of immigrants and their access to health services, in particular those dedicated to addressing mental health issues.

scholarly journals Loneliness and Mental Health: Recommendations for Primary Care Intakes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110271
Author(s):  
Marissa Godfrey ◽  
Pi-Ju Liu ◽  
Aining Wang ◽  
Stacey Wood
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Integration ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Physical Health Status ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

Introduction/Objectives The healthcare intake process plays a significant role in informing medical personnel about patients’ demographic information, subjective health status, and health complaints. Intake forms can help providers personalize care to assist patients in getting proper referrals and treatment. Previous studies examined factors that could be included in intake forms independently, but this study analyzed loneliness, religiousness, household income, and social integration together to see how the combined effect influences mental and physical health status. This study aims to determine which of those 4 variables better inform patients’ mental versus physical health status. Methods One hundred and seventy-nine participants completed surveys, including the SF-12® Health Survey, measuring perceived physical and mental health, UCLA 3-item Loneliness Scale, and a demographics questionnaire with questions about household income and time spent dedicated to religious practice, if applicable. Additionally, individuals answered social integration questions about how often they contact close family and friends or volunteer in the community. Using loneliness, household income, religiousness, social integration as independent variables, and controlling for demographic variables such as age, gender, and race, 2 regression models were built with Mental and Physical Health Composite Scores from the the SF-12® Health Survey as dependent variables. Results Loneliness was associated with mental health measures ( b = −2.190, P < .001), while household income was associated with physical health measures ( b = 0.604, P = .019) above and beyond other variables in the regression models. Conclusions Integrating the 3 loneliness questions into intake forms can help approximate an individual’s mental health status. This would allow the provider to be able to assess mental health problems more effectively and provide needed resources.

scholarly journals Social Outcomes of School Leavers With Cerebral Palsy Living in Victoria

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Imms ◽  
Dinah Reddihough ◽  
Daisy A. Shepherd ◽  
Anne Kavanagh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Outcomes ◽  
Parental Home ◽  
Living Situation ◽  
The Social

Objective: In Australia, the National Disability Strategy provides a framework to guide actions and investment to achieve equity in social inclusion and economic participation for people with disability. We investigated the social outcomes of school leavers with cerebral palsy (CP) in Victoria, Australia and explored the determinants of desirable outcomes.Methods: We used the Victorian CP Register to invite all adults with CP aged 18–25 years (n = 649). On-line and/or paper-based surveys explored participation in education, employment, community activities, living situation, relationships and life satisfaction. Functional and health status data were collected. Social outcomes were summarized descriptively and compared between individuals with CP and non-disabled peers aged 18–25 years from the Household Income and Labor Dynamics in Australia dataset. Within the CP cohort we explored whether physical and mental health and level of functioning were associated with social outcomes. In addition, a descriptive comparison was undertaken between the social outcomes of the current CP cohort with that of a previously reported 2007 cohort.Results: Ninety participants (57% male; mean age 22.4 years (SD: 2.2) in 2020; 61.1% self-reported) provided data for analyses; response rate 16.9%. CP characteristics were similar between respondents and non-respondents. In comparison to similar aged peers, 79.8% had completed secondary school (compared to 83.2%); 32.6% (compared to 75.8%) were in paid work; 87.5% (compared to 48.2%) were living in their parental home; and 3.4% (compared to 31.6%) were married or partnered. Individuals with CP and higher levels of functional capacity and better physical health were more likely to undertake post-secondary education. Higher levels of functional capacity and physical health, as well as lower mental health status were associated with being employed.Conclusions: While foundational education completion rates were similar to non-disabled peers, significant gaps in social outcomes remain, including residence in the parental home and single status. While addressing these issues is challenging, substantial efforts are needed to reduce these disparities—work that needs to be done in collaboration with people with CP and their families.

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