Socioeconomic Status and Housework: Cultural Differences in Participation in Routine Housework in Japan, Canada, and the US

We compare the association between educational attainment and housework participation among single and married women in Japan and the US. Using the cross-sectional time-use diaries from the 2006 American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the 2006 Japanese Survey on Time Use and Leisure Activities (STULA) and unconditional quantile regressions (UQR), we test whether educational attainment is associated with less time spent on housework in Japan compared to the US. We find that this assumption stands only for American women and non-married Japanese women. However, married Japanese women are unlikely to reduce participation in housework with an increase in their educational level. Married Japanese women are more likely to do more housework proportionately to the level of their education. The findings reveal the presence of a marriage penalty among highly educated Japanese women. In Japan, the institute of marriage places higher expectations regarding women’s housework participation on married women with higher levels of education, thereby penalising Japanese women with higher educational attainments. Our findings illustrate that the tenets of the resource-based and gender-centred frameworks developed based on the empirical findings in Western countries cannot always directly apply to the patterns observed in East Asia.

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Sleep Duration and Waking Activities in Relation to the National Sleep Foundation’s Recommendations: An Analysis of US Population Sleep Patterns from 2015 to 2017

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18116154 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (11) ◽

pp. 6154

Author(s):

Michael Osei Mireku ◽

Alina Rodriguez

Keyword(s):

Sleep Duration ◽

Time Use ◽

Variance Estimation ◽

Estimation Method ◽

Short Sleep Duration ◽

Weighted Estimates ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

Increased Risk ◽

The Us ◽

Time Use Survey

The objective was to investigate the association between time spent on waking activities and nonaligned sleep duration in a representative sample of the US population. We analysed time use data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), 2015–2017 (N = 31,621). National Sleep Foundation (NSF) age-specific sleep recommendations were used to define recommended (aligned) sleep duration. The balanced, repeated, replicate variance estimation method was applied to the ATUS data to calculate weighted estimates. Less than half of the US population had a sleep duration that mapped onto the NSF recommendations, and alignment was higher on weekdays (45%) than at weekends (33%). The proportion sleeping longer than the recommended duration was higher than those sleeping shorter on both weekdays and weekends (p < 0.001). Time spent on work, personal care, socialising, travel, TV watching, education, and total screen time was associated with nonalignment to the sleep recommendations. In comparison to the appropriate recommended sleep group, those with a too-short sleep duration spent more time on work, travel, socialising, relaxing, and leisure. By contrast, those who slept too long spent relatively less time on each of these activities. The findings indicate that sleep duration among the US population does not map onto the NSF sleep recommendations, mostly because of a higher proportion of long sleepers compared to short sleepers. More time spent on work, travel, and socialising and relaxing activities is strongly associated with an increased risk of nonalignment to NSF sleep duration recommendations.

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Graphical Representation of Time Use Diaries in Stata: ATUS Tempograms

10.31235/osf.io/6kvzq ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Kamila Kolpashnikova

Keyword(s):

Survey Data ◽

Time Use ◽

Graphical Representation ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

The Us ◽

Time Use Survey ◽

Representation Of Time

In this paper, I will demonstrate how to create tempograms using the original American Time Use Survey data from the US Bureau of Labor Statistics2. For this project, the 2003-2018sample of diaries is used (file names: atusact0318 and atussum0318).Additionally, I identify the bottleneck, where the performance of Stata’s underlying functions could be optimised to improve the work with time-use data for researchers who use Stata.

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High times: The effect of medical marijuana laws on student time use

10.26686/wgtn.14294645 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Wei Chu ◽

S Gershenson

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Secondary Students ◽

Time Use ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Medical Marijuana ◽

Major Change ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

Time Use Survey ◽

Medical Marijuana Laws

Medical marijuana laws (MMLs) represent a major change of marijuana policy in the U.S. Previous research shows that these laws increase marijuana use among adults. In this paper, we estimate the effects of MMLs on secondary and post-secondary students’ time use using data from the American Time Use Survey. We apply a difference-in-differences research design and estimate flexible fixed effects models that condition on state fixed effects and state-specific time trends. We find no effect of MMLs on secondary students’ time use. However, we find that college students in MML states spend approximately 20% less time on education-related activities and 20% more time on leisure activities than their counterparts in non-MML states. These behavioral responses largely occur during weekends and summer when students have more spare time. Finally, the impacts of MMLs are heterogeneous and stronger among part-time college students, who are more likely to be first-generation college goers and to come from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. © This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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High times: The effect of medical marijuana laws on student time use

10.26686/wgtn.14294645.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yu-Wei Chu ◽

S Gershenson

Keyword(s):

College Students ◽

Secondary Students ◽

Time Use ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

Medical Marijuana ◽

Major Change ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

Time Use Survey ◽

Medical Marijuana Laws

Medical marijuana laws (MMLs) represent a major change of marijuana policy in the U.S. Previous research shows that these laws increase marijuana use among adults. In this paper, we estimate the effects of MMLs on secondary and post-secondary students’ time use using data from the American Time Use Survey. We apply a difference-in-differences research design and estimate flexible fixed effects models that condition on state fixed effects and state-specific time trends. We find no effect of MMLs on secondary students’ time use. However, we find that college students in MML states spend approximately 20% less time on education-related activities and 20% more time on leisure activities than their counterparts in non-MML states. These behavioral responses largely occur during weekends and summer when students have more spare time. Finally, the impacts of MMLs are heterogeneous and stronger among part-time college students, who are more likely to be first-generation college goers and to come from underrepresented racial and ethnic groups. © This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Do immigrants pay a price when marrying natives? Lessons from the US time use survey

IZA Journal of Development and Migration ◽

10.2478/izajodm-2020-0016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Shoshana Amyra Grossbard ◽

Victoria Vernon

Keyword(s):

Time Use ◽

Immigrant Women ◽

Male Dominance ◽

Native Women ◽

Household Chores ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

The Us ◽

Time Use Survey ◽

Gender Based ◽

Immigrant Men

AbstractWe compare the allocation of time of native men and women married to immigrants against their counterparts in all-native couples using the American Time Use Survey for the years 2003–18. We find that when intermarried to a native man, immigrant women pay an assimilation price to the extent that, compared to native women in all-native marriages, they work longer hours at paid work, household chores, or both, while their husbands do no extra work. In some cases, they work for just an extra hour per day. Immigrant men do not pay such a price. Some work 34 min less at household chores than native men in all-native marriages, while the native women who marry immigrant men seem to pay a price related to their situation that would be in an all-native marriage. An explanation based on the operation of competitive marriage markets works for immigrant women, but not for immigrant men. Traditionally, gender-based privileges may allow immigrant men to prevent native women from getting a price for the value that intermarriage generates for their husbands. Such a “male dominance” scenario also helps explain why immigrant men married to native daughters of immigrants from the same region get more benefits from intermarriage than other immigrants.

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Durations and Domains of Daily Aerobic Activity: Evidence From the 2010 Canadian Time-Use Survey

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.2012-0115 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 895-902 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Hugh Millward ◽

Jamie E. L. Spinney ◽

Darren Scott

Keyword(s):

Time Use ◽

Leisure Activities ◽

General Social Survey ◽

Daily Basis ◽

Activity Levels ◽

Metabolic Equivalent ◽

Social Survey ◽

Aerobic Activity ◽

Metabolic Equivalent Of Task ◽

Time Use Survey

Background:This study employs national time-diary data to evaluate how much aerobic activity Canadians engage in on a daily basis, how that activity is apportioned by activity domain, and how subgroups within the population vary in their aerobic attainment.Methods:The study employs time-use data from the 2010 General Social Survey of Canada, for 15,390 respondents aged 15 and older. To estimate effort levels, the authors harmonized survey codes with those in the Compendium of Physical Activities. Aerobic activity was defined as moderate or vigorous effort at 3.5 Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) or higher.Results:Among the 4 activity domains, aerobic participation is highest in leisure activities, followed by chores, paid work, and active transportation (AT). Only a minority (42%) of respondents recorded at least 20 mins/day of aerobic activity. Aerobic totals were particularly low for women and those in poor or fair health, and low for students, 15- to 24-year-olds, and those residing in Quebec, Ontario, and larger cities.Conclusions:The majority of Canadian adults are failing to meet recommended aerobic activity levels. However, there is considerable opportunity to increase aerobic participation for some groups, particularly women and young adults, especially in the leisure and AT domains.

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Block-Level Analysis of the Attractors of Robbery in a Downtown Area

SAGE Open ◽

10.1177/2158244020963671 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 215824402096367

Author(s):

Kingsley U. Ejiogu

Keyword(s):

Negative Binomial ◽

Negative Binomial Regression ◽

Geographic Mobility ◽

Negative Binomial Regression Model ◽

American Time Use Survey ◽

Pattern Theory ◽

Crime Pattern Theory ◽

Time Use Survey ◽

Block Level ◽

Street Robbery

This article examines the predictions of crime pattern theory in a unique neighborhood type. It tested potential crime attracting facilities against street robbery data from 2009 to 2013 in the Police Districts I & II in Downtown Houston. The analysis modeled the four daily human routine periods described in the American Time Use Survey (ATUS). Generalized linear simultaneous negative binomial regression model was used to determine the size of the influence of the variables (beta coefficients) and their significance for each model outcome. The findings show some distinct patterns of street robbery due to the immediate and lagged effects of the variables relatable to the study environment’s unique setting. Two variables, geographic mobility, and barbershops were particularly significant across three of the outcome models. The results suggest that the physical and social structure of neighborhoods determined by land-use regulations would enhance understanding of the time-based influence on robbery patterns due to crime-attracting facilities.

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