scholarly journals Atmospheric SO2: Principal Control Knob Governing Earth's Temperatures

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burl Henry

An examination of the effects of SO2 aerosols in the Earth's atmosphere shows that they are responsible for all of the changes that have occurred in Earth's temperatures since the Roman warming period. and, by extension, the cause of all of the Ice Ages throughout Earth's history. They are primarily of volcanic origin, but since circa 1950, anthropogenic aerosol emissions began rising, peaking at ~ 136 Megatons in 1979, and, because of their cooling effect, fears of a return to Little Ice Age conditions. However, because of Acid Rain and Health concerns, global Clean Air efforts to reduce SO2 emissions were instituted in the early 1970's, and temperatures began to rise because of the cleaner, less polluted air.This warming was attributed to the accumulation of CO2 in Earth's atmosphere, but the analysis presented in this paper shows that the expected warming from the reduction in SO2 aerosol emissions precisely matches the actual rise in average global temperatures, leaving NO room for any of the hypothesized warming from "greenhouse" gasses. The warming is simply an unfortunate side effect of global Clean Air efforts.

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. L. Larson ◽  
R. W. Portmann

Abstract The 2016 Paris agreement set a global mean surface temperature (GMST) goal of not more than 2 degrees Celsius above preindustrial. This is an ambitious goal that will require substantial decreases in emission rates of long-lived greenhouse gasses (GHG). This work provides a mathematical framework, based on current state of the art climate models, to calculate the GHG emissions consistent with prescribed GMST pathways that meet the Paris agreement goal. The unique capability of this framework, to start from a GMST timeseries and efficiently calculate the emissions required to meet that temperature pathway, makes it a powerful resource for policymakers. Our results indicate that aerosol emissions play a large role in determining the near-term allowable greenhouse gas emissions that will limit future warming to 2 °C, however in the long term, drastic GHG emissions reductions are required under any reasonable aerosol scenario. With large future aerosol emissions, similar to present day amounts, GHG emissions need to be reduced 8% by 2040 and 74% by 2100 to limit warming to 2 °C. Under a more likely low aerosol scenario, GHG emissions need to be reduced 36% and 80% by 2040 and 2100, respectively. The Paris agreement Intended Nationally Determined Contributions are insufficient to meet this goal.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burl Henry

Analysis of the Central England Temperatures data set has provided the answer to the cause of the decreased temperatures during the Little Ice Age (LIA) (and undoubtedly, all of the others). They were caused by the Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) aerosol emissions from an extensive occurrence of VEI4-VEI7 volcanic eruptions.


Author(s):  
W.P. De Lange

The Greenhouse Effect acts to slow the escape of infrared radiation to space, and hence warms the atmosphere. The oceans derive almost all of their thermal energy from the sun, and none from infrared radiation in the atmosphere. The thermal energy stored by the oceans is transported globally and released after a range of different time periods. The release of thermal energy from the oceans modifies the behaviour of atmospheric circulation, and hence varies climate. Based on ocean behaviour, New Zealand can expect weather patterns similar to those from 1890-1922 and another Little Ice Age may develop this century.


2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia Gornostayeva ◽  
◽  
Dmitry Demezhko ◽  
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Keyword(s):  

Author(s):  
Michael I. Budyko ◽  
Alexander B. Ronov ◽  
Alexander L. Yanshin

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