scholarly journals From the accounts of Philosophie rurale to the physiocratic Tableau: François Quesnay as a precursor of national accounting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Le Masne ◽  
Romuald Dupuy ◽  
Philippe Roman
Keyword(s):  
Input Output ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Precise Representation ◽  
Double Entry ◽  
Shed Light

Quesnay’s Tableau, as it appears in Philosophie rurale, is an understandable, robust and innovative construction despite detail errors. It provides a precise representation of the economic circuit. The accounts of chapter VII of Philosophie rurale are introduced and we explain how Quesnay’s Tableau comes from these accounts. The transposition of the accounts of chapter VII and of the Tableau into two input-output tables shows the balance of resources and uses. In order to shed light on the progress of exchanges along the year, the Tableau is also transposed into three double-entry accountings (proprietors, farmers and artisans).

scholarly journals FROM THE ACCOUNTS OF PHILOSOPHIE RURALE TO THE PHYSIOCRATIC TABLEAU: FRANÇOIS QUESNAY AS A PRECURSOR OF NATIONAL ACCOUNTING

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-481
Author(s):  
Romuald Dupuy ◽  
Pierre Le Masne ◽  
Philippe Roman
Keyword(s):  
Input Output ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Precise Representation ◽  
Double Entry ◽  
Shed Light

François Quesnay’s Tableau, as it appears in Philosophie rurale, is an understandable, robust, and innovative construction despite detail errors. It provides a precise representation of the economic circuit. We introduce the accounts of chapter VII of Philosophie rurale and we explain how Quesnay’s Tableau comes from these accounts. The transposition of the accounts of chapter VII and of the Tableau into two input-output tables shows the balance of resources and uses. In order to shed light on the progress of exchanges along the year, the Tableau is also transposed into three double-entry accountings (proprietors, farmers, and artisans).

scholarly journals Industrial Productivity Divergence and Input-Output Network Structures: Evidence from Japan 1973–2012

Economies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alvaro Domínguez ◽  
Carlos Mendez
Keyword(s):  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Community Membership ◽  
Output Structure ◽  
Sigma Convergence ◽  
Industrial Productivity ◽  
Divergence Pattern ◽  
Community Detection Algorithm ◽  
Shed Light

Since the early 1990s, there have been larger and increasing labor productivity differences across industries in Japan. More specifically, a clear pattern of sigma and beta divergence across industries is observed. To shed light on these stylized facts, we first evaluate the input–output structure of Japan through the lens of a community-detection algorithm from network theory. Results from this analysis suggest the existence of two input–output network structures: a densely-connected group of industries (a stationary community), whose members remain in it throughout the period; and a group of industries (a transitional community) whose members do not belong to this first group. Next, we re-evaluate the industrial divergence pattern of Japan in the context of each network structure. Results suggest that divergence is mostly driven by the transitional community. Interestingly, since 2007, a pattern of sigma convergence started to re-appear only in the stationary community. We conclude suggesting that industrial divergence and instability in community membership are not necessarily indicative of low productivity performance.

scholarly journals Vertical Integration and Firm Boundaries: The Evidence

2007 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 629-685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francine Lafontaine ◽  
Margaret Slade
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Vertical Integration ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Firm Boundaries ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Seminal Paper ◽  
Future Work ◽  
Cross Fertilization ◽  
Shed Light

Since Ronald H. Coase's (1937) seminal paper, a rich set of theories has been developed that deal with firm boundaries in vertical or input–output structures. In the last twenty-five years, empirical evidence that can shed light on those theories also has been accumulating. We review the findings of empirical studies that have addressed two main interrelated questions: First, what types of transactions are best brought within the firm and, second, what are the consequences of vertical integration decisions for economic outcomes such as prices, quantities, investment, and profits. Throughout, we highlight areas of potential cross-fertilization and promising areas for future work.

Sustainability accounting and green accounting

2000 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROBERT D. CAIRNS
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Policy ◽  
Environmental Accounting ◽  
National Product ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Discounted Utility ◽  
Net National Product ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Accounting Prices

Theoretical issues arising in maximin and utilitarian programs are considered in order to shed light on the merits of various concepts of income and types of environmental accounting as guides for environmental policy. The accounting prices for sustaining an economy obey Hartwick's rule but are inconsistent with the principles of national accounting. Moreover, they would be formidably difficult to calculate. Green net national product is an approximate index of welfare in a utilitarian economy which maximises future discounted utility flows. These conclusions hold even if underlying conditions are non-autonomous.JEL Codes: Q3, E2

Double-Entry Bookkeeping in Early-Twentieth-Century China

2005 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pak K. Auyeung ◽  
Lei Fu ◽  
Zhixiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Accounting Information ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Double Entry ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
Salt Mining

Rare materials recently released by the Zigong City Archives shed light on the accounting system that was created by saltmining businesses in Zigong. The materials include forty-seven accounting books prepared by eight firms in the industry from 1908 to 1930. In this study, the materials are used to reveal how the Zigong salt-mining firms used the double-entry system. The study draws on the archival documents to reveal how the firms' innovative reporting methods enabled them to calculate profit and loss, and it explores the ways in which improved accounting information guided the decisions of Chinese proprietors who were operating in a business environment characterized by inadequate financing, considerable risk, and long intervals between investment and return.

scholarly journals Offshoring of Services in Spain: International Fragmentation of Activities or Change in Procurement Sources?

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Begoña Fuster García ◽  
Carmen Martínez Mora
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Input Output ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors ◽  
Service Sectors

This paper studies the offshoring of services and whether this phenomenon is linked to the international fragmentation of activities or to a shift in outsourcing to foreign rather than domestic suppliers. Analysis is performed using the National Accounting input-output tables of Spain’s National Institute for Statistics for the 2000-2007 period. The major findings reveal growth in the offshoring of intermediate services to foreign countries by service providers and manufacturing companies, with greater prevalence among the former. In manufacturing sectors, the analysis indicates that domestic suppliers are being replaced by their foreign counterparts. However, in service sectors these processes correspond mainly to the international fragmentation of activities.

Lo stato dell'arte in contabilità nazionale

1983 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Siesto
Keyword(s):  
Underground Economy ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Table ◽  
National Accounting ◽  
Final Consumption ◽  
Inflation Accounting ◽  
To Come ◽  
Set Up

Abstract Taking account of the fact that the present national accounting system was set up thirty years ago (and the last revision dates back to fifteen years ago), one can judge national accounting as a blocked field.In spite of this situation, economists and statisticians still differ sharply on various aspects of national accounting. These subjects can be gathered in three categories: Conceptual aspects (production, final consumption, investment, transfers); Architecture of accounting (institutional sectors, input-output table, minor flows); Evaluation and measures (inflation accounting, deflationary techniques, underground economy).This survey suggests that national accounting will certainly continue to arouse the attention of both scientists and users for the years to come.

PREHISTORIC ACCOUNTING AND THE PROBLEM OF REPRESENTATION: ON RECENT ARCHEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF THE MIDDLE-EAST FROM 8000 B.C. TO 3000 B.C.

1987 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Mattessich
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Correspondence Theory ◽  
Conceptual Representation ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Data Processing System ◽  
Fertile Crescent ◽  
Archeological Evidence ◽  
Double Entry

Recent archeological research offers revolutionary insight about the precursor of abstract counting and pictographic as well as ideographic writing. This precursor was a data processing system in which simple (and later complex) clay tokens of various shapes were aggregated in hollow clay receptacles or envelopes (and later sealed string systems) to represent symbolically assets and economic transactions. Scores of such tokens (the recent explanation of which is due to Prof. Schmandt-Besserat) were found by archeologists all over the Fertile Crescent in layers belonging to the time between 8000 B.C. to 3100 B.C. — after this date cuneiform clay tablets emerged. The economic-philosophic implications of this discovery are important. First, it suggests that accounting preceded abstract counting as well as writing. Second, it suggests that conceptual representation emerged gradually. Third, it confirms the previous hypotheses that counting emerged in several stages. Fourth, it reveals the existence of an abstract input-output principle some 10,000 years ago and a kind of double entry over 5,000 years ago. Finally, it offers the earliest illustration of the (occasional) validity of the correspondence theory. To assist readers I have inserted at the beginning of the fifth section some explanatory paragraphs on Wittgenstein's work.

Vertical Linkages and the Collapse of Global Trade

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolfs Bems ◽  
Robert C Johnson ◽  
Kei-Mu Yi
Keyword(s):  
Value Added ◽  
Final Demand ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Intermediate Goods ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Vertical Specialization ◽  
Common View ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Vertical Linkages ◽  
Shed Light

A common view is that cross-border vertical linkages played a key role in the 2008–2009 collapse of global trade. This paper presents two accounting results from a global input-output framework that shed light on this channel. We feed in observed changes in final demand and find that trade in final goods fell by twice as much as trade in intermediate goods. Nevertheless, intermediate goods account for more than two-fifths of the trade collapse. We also find that vertical specialization trade fell 13 percent, while value-added trade fell by 10 percent, because declines in demand were largest in highly vertically-specialized sectors.

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