scholarly journals Age, education, and earnings in the course of Brazilian development: Does composition matter?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral ◽  
Joseph E Potter ◽  
Daniel Hamermesh ◽  
Eduardo L G Rios-Neto
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Baby Boom ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Education Groups ◽  
The Impact

The impacts of shifts in the age distribution of the working-age population have been studied in relation to the effect of the baby boom generation on the earnings of different cohorts in the U.S. However, this topic has received little attention in the context of the countries of Asia and Latin America, which are now experiencing substantial shifts in their age-education distributions. In this analysis, we estimate the impact of the changing relative size of the adult male population, classified by age and education groups, on the earnings of employed men living in 502 Brazilian local labor markets during four time periods between 1970 and 2000. Taking advantage of the huge variation across Brazilian local labor markets and demographic census micro-data, we used fixed effects models to demonstrate that age- education group size depresses earnings. These effects are more detrimental among age-education groups with higher education, but they are becoming less negative over time. The decrease in the share of workers with the lowest level of education has not led to gains in the earnings of these workers in recent years. These trends might be a consequence of technological shifts and increasing demand for labor with either education or experience. Compositional shifts are influential, which suggests that this approach could prove useful in studying this central problem in economic development.

scholarly journals (Ph.D. dissertation) Demographic change and economic development at the local level in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernesto F. L. Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Labor Markets ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Relative Size ◽  
The United States ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Education Groups ◽  
The Impact

(Ph.D. Dissertation)In this analysis, I estimate the impact of the changing relative size of the adult male population, classified by age and education groups, on the earnings of employed males living in 502 Brazilian local labor markets during four time periods between 1970 and 2000. The effects of shifts in the age distribution of the working age population have been studied in relation to the effect of the baby-boom generation on the earnings of different cohorts in the United States. However, the question has received little attention in the context of the countries in Asia and Latin America, which are now experiencing substantial shifts in their age-education distributions. Taking advantage of the huge variation across Brazilian local labor markets, the models in this research suggest that age-education groups are not perfect substitutes, so that own-cohort-education size depresses earnings, as expected by the theory. Compositional shifts are influential, attesting that this approach represents a fruitful way of studying this central problem in economic development, going beyond the effects normally analyzed by formal labor market equations.

Local labor markets in U.S.–Mexican border cities and the impact of maquiladora production

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Varella Mollick ◽  
Abigaíl Cortez-Rayas ◽  
Rosa A. Olivas-Moncisvais
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
The Impact

Does A Higher Retirement Age Reduce Youth Employment?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Bertoni ◽  
Giorgio Brunello
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Youth Employment ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Employment Change ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Firm Turnover ◽  
The One ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Pension reforms rising minimum retirement age force some senior workers to retire later than originally expected. We evaluate the impact of a 2011 Italian reform, implemented during a recession, on youth and prime age employment. Our research design is based on difference-in-differences, and exploits the variations in the intensity of the treatment across local labor markets due to differences in the age structure of the population. We estimate that, for any 1,000 local senior workers locked into employment by the reform, local youth and prime age employment declined by 273 (-0.86%) and 199 (-0.12%) workers, and senior employment increased by 833 (+2.70%) individuals. The estimated reduction in youth employment is broadly similar to the one induced by earlier reforms, implemented when the economy was growing. We estimate that an important part of the total employment change induced by the 2011 reform is due to higher firm turnover.

THE IMPACT OF MILITARY PRESENCE IN LOCAL LABOR MARKETS ON THE EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRADFORD BOOTH ◽  
WILLIAM W. FALK ◽  
DAVID R. SEGAL ◽  
MADY WECHSLER SEGAL
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
Employment Of Women ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Taxonomic Analysis of Differentiation of Situations on Local Labor Markets in the Pressure Area of Chopin Airport in Warsaw as a Method for Regional Development Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-371
Author(s):  
Agata Surówka
Keyword(s):  
Labor Markets ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Spatial Diversity ◽  
Air Transport ◽  
Local Labor Markets ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Spatial Inequalities ◽  
Pressure Area ◽  
Taxonomic Methods ◽  
The Impact

SummarySubject and purpose of work: Recently, research into the impact of air transport on the situation on local labor markets has been of great practical importance. These issues have become a source of interest in the study. The purpose of the article is an attempt to use taxonomic methods to analyze the spatial diversity of counties located in the catchment area (100 km) of Warsaw Chopin Airport due to the situation on local labor markets.Materials and methods: Taxonomic methods were used as the research tool. The text also presents the methodology for identifying statistical units located in these areas, indicated by the Geostatistics Portal.Results: The conducted process allowed to assess the impact of air transport on the economic situation on the local labor market due to the indicators selected for the study. The proposed method is a new, effective, useful and modern approach to obtaining and analyzing statistical data for the areas of influence of Polish airports. It should also be emphasized that it constitutes a certain contribution of the author to the development of research on the impact of air transport on the socio-economic development of regions.Conclusions: The analysis allowed us to generally illustrate the spatial inequalities of the units selected for testing due to the adopted measures.

The Impact of Education Groups for People with Schizophrenia on Social Functioning and Quality of Life

1996 ◽  
Vol 168 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Atkinson ◽  
Denise A. Coia ◽  
W. Harper Gilmour ◽  
Janice P. Harper
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Functioning ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Education Groups ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundEducation groups for people with schizophrenia have tended to concentrate on compliance with medication. This study examines impact on social behaviour and quality of life.MethodA catchment-wide service was set up for community-based patients. Patients who indicated an interest in education groups were randomly allocated to either an education group or a waiting list control group. Those who attended groups were compared with the control group.ResultsAbout one-quarter of community-based patients showed interest in attending education groups. Those who attended showed no change in mental state or compliance with medication (already high) but significant gains in quality of life, social functioning and social networks.ConclusionsFor patients who choose to attend education groups significant gains in social functioning and quality of life are possible without specific skills training.

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