scholarly journals Spatial Modeling of Tsunami Vortices in the Coastal Ocean

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul C. Rivera
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Modeling ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Land Uses ◽  
Deep Hole ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
2011 Japan Tsunami ◽  
The Indian Ocean

It is important to plan for potential tsunamis during the marine spatial planning process so that land uses may be modified or defensive infrastructure may be erected. Tsunami vortices had been observed during the occurrence and propagation of tsunami waves. Actual observations during the March 2011 Japan tsunami and the Indian Ocean tsunami of December 2004 showed the formation of vortices which lasted for several hours. The Palu tsunami of September 2018 in Indonesia also showed the formation of a tsunami vortex whose centre was photographed by a pilot and appeared as a deep hole in the ocean. Several vortices with various sizes lasted for several hours after the quake and they also generated a loud roar as the giant waves inundated low-lying coastal areas. This essay attempts to describe the development of a model that can explain the formation of tsunami vortices.

scholarly journals The social and political realities of marine spatial planning: some land-based reflections

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 1535-1541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sue Kidd ◽  
Dave Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Planning Theory ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Systems ◽  
Plan Implementation ◽  
Social Nature ◽  
Planning Processes

Abstract This paper highlights the value for marine spatial planning (MSP) of engaging with terrestrial planning theory and practice. It argues that the traditions of reflection, critique, and debate that are a feature of land-based planning can inform the development of richer theoretical underpinnings of MSP as well as MSP practice. The case is illustrated by tempering the view that MSP can be a rational planning process that can follow universal principles and steps by presenting an alternative perspective that sees MSP as a social and political process that is highly differentiated and place-specific. This perspective is discussed with reference to four examples. First, the paper considers why history, culture, and administrative context lead to significant differences in how planning systems are organized. Second, it highlights that planning systems and processes tend to be in constant flux as they respond to changing social and political viewpoints. Third, it discusses why the integration ambitions which are central to “spatial” planning require detailed engagement with locally specific social and political circumstances. Fourth, it focuses on the political and social nature of plan implementation and how different implementation contexts need to inform the design of planning processes and the style of plans produced.

scholarly journals Collaborative approach for coastal and marine spatial planning in Bangka Belitung Island Province

2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012006
Author(s):  
B Murtasidin ◽  
S Sujadmi
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Small Islands ◽  
Collaborative Approach ◽  
Stakeholder Collaboration ◽  
The Government

Abstract Amendments to Law no. 27 of 2007 became Law no. 1 of 2014 concerning the Management of Coastal Areas and Small Islands has an impact on the coastal and marine spatial planning process in every region, including Bangka Belitung. This planning process requires stakeholder collaboration to carry out broader cross-sectoral coordination. Apart from being composed of more than 80% of the water area, the struggle for access and conflicts over the use of marine space also take place in a vertical and horizontal level. The dilemma of authority between levels of government and law enforcement authorities, as well as between local governments, communities, and state corporations, is a form of hierarchical conflict. Conflicts between governments at the street bureaucracy (Village) level and their citizens, or friction between pro and contra groups against marine mining are examples of horizontal conflicts. The complexity of this problem has demanded the government to be presented in a more powerful and most decisive position in the management of the coastal and marine areas of Bangka Belitung so that it does not drag on. Therefore, the government needs to formulate comprehensive resource optimization options in the coastal and marine zones. This study aims to map how a collaborative approach in coastal and marine spatial planning through Regional Regulation (Perda) Number 3 of 2020 concerning the Zoning Plan for Coastal Areas and Small Islands of the Bangka Belitung Islands Province. At least 3 dominant actors are involved and collaborate, namely the government, fishermen, and investors.

scholarly journals If you start it, they may not come: Why some stakeholders did not participate in a marine spatial planning process

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
OCTO
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Massachusetts Bay ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Northeast

Using the recent ocean planning process in the US Northeast, this paper assesses the perspectives of stakeholders who did not participate in a marine spatial planning (MSP) process. Since it is more challenging to find and survey stakeholders who did not participate in a process than ones who did, the authors chose a smaller study area – Massachusetts Bay – to examine. They conducted a scoping survey (235 respondents) to understand respondents’ relationships with the marine environment, their understanding of MSP, and why they did or did not participate in the Northeast regional ocean planning process. In addition, the authors held three focus groups (21 participants total) to further explore participants’ understanding of the planning process and their perceptions of the process. The scoping survey was “not intended to be representative”, and focus group participants were chosen from scoping survey respondents.

scholarly journals Marine nature conservation and conflicts with fisheries

AMBIO ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 1328-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Grip ◽  
Sven Blomqvist
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Marine Protected Areas ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Marine Protected Area ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Management Tools

AbstractGlobally, conflicts between marine nature conservation and fishery interests are common and increasing, and there is often a glaring lack of dialogue between stakeholders representing these two interests. There is a need for a stronger and enforced coordination between fishing and conservation authorities when establishing marine protected areas for conservation purposes. We propose that an appropriate instrument for such coordination is a broad ecosystem-based marine spatial planning procedure, representing neither nature conservation nor fishery. Strategic environmental assessment for plans and programmes and environmental impact assessment for projects are commonly used tools for assessing the environmental impacts of different human activities, but are seldom used for evaluating the environmental effects of capture fisheries. The diversity of fisheries and the drastic effects of some fisheries on the environment are strong arguments for introducing these procedures as valuable supplements to existing fisheries assessment and management tools and able to provide relevant environmental information for an overall marine spatial planning process. Marine protected areas for nature conservation and for protection of fisheries have different objectives. Therefore, the legal procedure when establishing marine protected areas should depend on whether they are established for nature conservation purposes or as a fisheries resource management tool. Fishing in a marine protected area for conservation purpose should be regulated according to conservation law. Also, we argue that marine protected areas for conservation purposes, in the highest protection category, should primarily be established as fully protected marine national parks and marine reserves.

Modeling of Tsunami Propagation in the Vicinity of the Southern Coasts of Iran

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Heidarzadeh ◽  
Moharram D. Pirooz ◽  
Nasser H. Zaker ◽  
Mohammad Mokhtari
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Subduction Zone ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Height Distribution ◽  
Tsunami Propagation ◽  
Makran Subduction Zone ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Impact

The extensive death toll and sever economical damages brought by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami has emphasized the urgent need for assessing the hazard of tsunami in this ocean, and determining the most vulnerable coastlines to the impact of possible tsunami. In this paper the hazard of tsunami for southern coasts of Iran bordering the Indian Ocean is discussed. At first, historical data of tsunami occurrences on the Iranian southern coasts are collected, described and analyzed. Then, numerical simulation of potential tsunamis in the Makran subduction zone is performed and the tsunami wave height distribution along the Iranian coast is calculated. The Makran subduction zone is among two main tsunamigenic zones in the Indian Ocean. In this zone the Oman oceanic plate subducts beneath the Iranian Micro-plate at an estimated rate of about 19 mm/yr. Historically, there is the potential for tsunami generation in this region and several tsunamis attacked the Makran coastlines in the past. The most recent tsunami in this region has occurred on 28 November 1945 which took the lives of more than 4000 people in the coasts of Iran, Pakistan, India, and Oman. Here we examine the seafloor uplift of the Makran zone and its potential for generating destructive tsunamis in the southern coastlines of Iran. Several earthquake scenarios with moment magnitudes ranging between 6.5 and 8.5 are used as initial conditions for analysis. For scenario of an earthquake with magnitude of 8.0, propagation of tsunami waves on coastlines and wave time histories in selected reference locations are calculated.

Numerical Simulations of Impacts of the 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami on Coastal Morphological Changes Around the Ulee Lheue Bay of Aceh, Indonesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 1740005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsidik ◽  
Tursina ◽  
Asrita Meutia ◽  
Musa Al’ala ◽  
Mirza Fahmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Wave Forces ◽  
2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami ◽  
Tsunami Waves ◽  
Near Shore ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Sea Area

Wave forces during the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami have caused morphological deformations of some coastal areas in Aceh, Indonesia. The sediment transport process during the tsunami wave propagation around near shore areas is a challenging numerical problem. To observe the coastal morphological changes after the Indian Ocean tsunami, this study numerically simulates the coastline changes, sedimentation and erosion areas, and seabed profiles changes around the Ulee Lheue Bay of Aceh, which was severely damaged by the tsunami. Two-dimensional horizontal areas were simulated by Cornell Multi-grid Coupled Tsunami (COMCOT) and Delft3D. Data of the nearshore area were collected from previous measurements acquired by the Indonesian Navy. According to the results, sediment in the sea area was deposited approximately 2.5[Formula: see text]km from the initial coastline, at the northern part of one small island occupying the Ulee Lheue Bay. This island reduced the energy of the tsunami waves during the backwash process, dumping a significant amount of eroded sediment near the coastline area.

scholarly journals Marine spatial planning: Coordinating divergent marine interests

AMBIO ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kjell Grip ◽  
Sven Blomqvist
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Marine Policy ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning And Management ◽  
Traditional Sector ◽  
Marine Areas ◽  
Marine Planning

AbstractGlobally, ecosystem-based marine spatial planning has become a useful instrument to coordinate the planning of different authorities. This, for balancing different requirements when managing marine areas and space. In the planning process, ecology is setting limits to which human activities are acceptable to the society. The use of the marine environment can be planned similarly as the land environment. We argue that there are several aspects which must be taken into consideration. Marine activities have traditionally been planned and managed in a sectoral way. Today, it has become obvious that a more holistic, multi-sectoral and coordinated approach is needed in future successful marine planning and management. The increased awareness of the importance of the oceans and seas challenges the traditional sector division and geographical limits in marine policy and calls for better coordinated and coherent marine policies.

The integration of nature conservation into the marine spatial planning process

Marine Policy ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 133-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zacharoula Kyriazi ◽  
Frank Maes ◽  
Marijn Rabaut ◽  
Magda Vincx ◽  
Steven Degraer
Keyword(s):  
Nature Conservation ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Marine Spatial Planning
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