scholarly journals الخط المعياري: أداة لتسهيل كتابة اللغة العربية وتعلمها

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdelmalek Bouhadjera
Keyword(s):  
Hand Tools ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
Hand Writing ◽  
Over Time

سيتم في هذا المقال عرض الأسس التي بني عليها مقترح الخط المعياري لكتابة اللغة العربية بخط منفصل، و هو خطٌ يحافظ على تقاليد الكتابة العربية العريقة، لأنه مبني على نموذج الخط الكوفي الذي استعمل في البداية لتدوين القرآن الكريم، قبل استبداله بالخط النسخي. وهذا الأخير أكثر ملاءمة للكتابة اليدوية. و فيما بعد، تم الرجوع إلى الخط الكوفي، و استعمل خصيصاً للزخرفة على جدران المبـاني و المساجد، و النقش على الآلات، لسهولته وجماليته النابعة من الخطوط المتوازية و المستقيمة في تمثيل الحروف. و إذا كان الخط النسخي يتلاءم مع الكتابة باليد، فالخط الكوفي له قابلية تجاوب أكثر مع الآلةIn this article we present a standardized alphabet for writing Arabic with a detached script. It preserves the traditions of ancient calligraphic writing, because it is based primarily on the Kufic script, which was first used to codify the Qur'an, before being replaced with Naskhi style. The latter is more appropriate for handwriting. Later on, the Kufi style of writing was used exclusively for decoration on walls of buildings and mosques, and engraving, due to its simplicity that stems from the large number of parallel and straight lines in the representation of letters. The Arabic script contains two different styles of writing that lived side by side to perform two different tasks. While the Naskhi style has been used extensively over time and proved to be suitable for hand writing, the Kufic style is more adaptable for writing using hand tools. Therefore it is time to give it the same importance that has been given to Naskhi style by restarting a typographic tradition that could be more consistent with modern machines and computers.

scholarly journals KAJIAN ALQURAN DI INDONESIA: TELAAH HISTORIS

QOF ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127
Author(s):  
Cholid Ma'arif
Keyword(s):  
Classic Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Mapping Study ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Period Style ◽  
Middle Period ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
History Of ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
Political Economic

This paper focuses on a mapping study of the development of Qur'anic and interpretation study generally in Indonesia. It aims to see how far the map of development of the Qur'an Study in the region of Indonesia. Previously, it is important to trace the beginning of the historical entry of Islam, the pattern and system of teaching the Koran, along with its development by looking at the work of commentary scholars and commentary on the interpretation of scholars. The method used is bibliography with supported documentation of related works. The results are the study of the Qur'an in Indonesia from classical to contemporary times evolved from the conventional pattern of the class (learning al-Qur'an in pesantren, madrasah, and home), a ceremonial event and even in competition (model reading al-Qur ' in various events such as One Day One Juz, STQ, MTQ, and others). On the other hand, the growth of interpretation and translation of the Koran in Indonesia is somewhat slower than the writing of interpretations in the Middle East. In this case the author traced the period of history of writing al-Qur'an interpretation according to Nasharuddin Baidan: Classic Period (7-8 H./15 CE); The Middle Period (16-18 AD); Pre-Modern Period (19th Century); The Modern Period (The 20th Century (1900-1950, 1951-1980, 1981-2000, 2001-present) At first glance, it appears that at first the interpretation became an integral part with other religious teachings propagated by the wali songo (such as the teachings of Molimo and also Lir Ilir) .Then began writing the interpretation with Arabic script in the local language (ex melayu, madura) .The work that appears like Tafsir Tarjuman Al-Mustafid.In this period style of writing interpretation is still influenced from the interpretation of Arab lands, such as Jalalain, al-Baidlawi, etc. The modern period is a period of Indonesian interpretation, not only of tahlili but also maudlu'I (thematic themes) .The themes are carried on are social, political, economic, gender, ecological, multicultural , and others.

scholarly journals Tracing the History of the Arabic-Javanese Language Translation Books in Nusantara Islamic Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Abdul Munip
Keyword(s):  
Language Translation ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
Arabic Script ◽  
Historical Dynamics ◽  
History Of ◽  
Over Time

The use of Arabic script (Pegon) in the Javanese books translated from Arabic has marked a certain phase in the historical dynamics of Islamic intellectualism in Nusantara and Java in particular. By these translation activities, kitab kuning (Arabic books) are no longer enjoyed solely by the elite kyai-santri, but they can also be read by Muslims outside the walls of pesantren. The various themes of the Javaness books translated from Arabic that reach across all disciplines in Islamic teachings resulted in the rapid growing of  Islamic discourse in society. Cherishing nature conveyed within the translation books generated peaceful life among Moslems. In terms of  educational contexts, these book have been used in pesantren, madrasah diniyah and majelis taklim as suplementary books. Over time, most of the translated books have now metamorphosed into Indonesian edition. However, there is still numerous Arabic-Javanese language translation books occupy modest bookstalls waiting for the loyal and unpretentious readers.

scholarly journals Genres of Cultural Journalism: Theatre Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Carmen Neamțu
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Press Coverage ◽  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Main Species ◽  
Theater Review ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
Over Time

This paper focuses on cultural journalism and its main species. After a brief review of the main genres of the cultural writing press, I will dwell on the theater chronicle, trying to see what style of writing is circumscribed and what are the main steps in writing a theatre review. Based on my 23 years of experience as a journalist in the daily generalist and specialized cultural press (Cultural Magazine of the Romanian Writers' Union, ARCA), I dare to say that the secret of any theater review lies in the balance between the information transmitted and the journalist's comment, between the statement and the argument displayed. Being a personal judgement, therefor subjective, the article can rise dissatisfaction among directors, actors, set designers etc. who do not always resonate with the journalist's verdict. My paper will provide several personal examples of approaching the theater show, situations that I have faced over time, all to shed some light on writing the theater review. From a stylistic point of view, I will try to see how theatre review differs in the overall press coverage. The editorial style of the theater review could be circumscribed to the journalistic style, having at the same time an accentuated aesthetic dimension. This brings it closer to the language of literature.

Study Of Tremulous Signatures In Devanagari Nepali Script

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Mukul Pradhan ◽  
Madhumati Bajracharya ◽  
Manisha Rai ◽  
Piyush Man Shakya ◽  
Basudev KC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Science Laboratory ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Style Of Writing ◽  
Over Time

Signatures, as one of the behavioral human characteristics are generally recognized as legal means for verifying an individual's identity by administrative and financial institutions. A signature is developed by a person and it can change over time. Signatures are prone to influences by age, physical and mental conditions. In this study tremulous signatures including questioned and standards related to 50 real cases resolved by National Forensic Science Laboratory of Nepal were collected. The time interval between questioned and standard signatures was up to ten years. Sixteen major characteristics along with their forty-one sub characteristics of each case were studied. Among sixteen major characteristics in the tremulous signatures, study shows that the characteristics like the style of writing in hand printed form, pen pauses, medium pen pressure, poor line quality, pen lifts are most prominently observed. Tremors were absent mostly in the terminal strokes of letters. The letters written were varied in size and those were 6% small, 70% medium and 24% large. Interestingly no any retouch attempts were found to complete the shape of letters.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Domain Formation in Synthetic Quartz

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 156-157
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Comer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Beam ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Domain Formation ◽  
Synthetic Quartz ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Black Spots ◽  
Diffraction Mode ◽  
Domain Boundaries ◽  
Kikuchi Lines ◽  
Straight Lines

Domains visible by transmission electron microscopy, believed to be Dauphiné inversion twins, were found in some specimens of synthetic quartz heated to 680°C and cooled to room temperature. With the electron beam close to parallel to the [0001] direction the domain boundaries appeared as straight lines normal to <100> and <410> or <510> directions. In the selected area diffraction mode, a shift of the Kikuchi lines was observed when the electron beam was made to traverse the specimen across a boundary. This shift indicates a change in orientation which accounts for the visibility of the domain by diffraction contrast when the specimen is tilted. Upon exposure to a 100 KV electron beam with a flux of 5x 1018 electrons/cm2sec the boundaries are rapidly decorated by radiation damage centers appearing as black spots. Similar crystallographio boundaries were sometimes found in unannealed (0001) quartz damaged by electrons.

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

Treatment Fidelity Procedures for an Aphasia Intervention Within a Randomized Controlled Trial: Design, Feasibility, and Results

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (1S) ◽  
pp. 412-424
Author(s):  
Elissa L. Conlon ◽  
Emily J. Braun ◽  
Edna M. Babbitt ◽  
Leora R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Treatment Fidelity ◽  
Protocol Adherence ◽  
Study Condition ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Aphasia Therapy ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
Over Time

Purpose This study reports on the treatment fidelity procedures implemented during a 5-year randomized controlled trial comparing intensive and distributed comprehensive aphasia therapy. Specifically, the results of 1 treatment, verb network strengthening treatment (VNeST), are examined. Method Eight participants were recruited for each of 7 consecutive cohorts for a total of 56 participants. Participants completed 60 hr of aphasia therapy, including 15 hr of VNeST. Two experienced speech-language pathologists delivered the treatment. To promote treatment fidelity, the study team developed a detailed manual of procedures and fidelity checklists, completed role plays to standardize treatment administration, and video-recorded all treatment sessions for review. To assess protocol adherence during treatment delivery, trained research assistants not involved in the treatment reviewed video recordings of a subset of randomly selected VNeST treatment sessions and completed the fidelity checklists. This process was completed for 32 participants representing 2 early cohorts and 2 later cohorts, which allowed for measurement of protocol adherence over time. Percent accuracy of protocol adherence was calculated across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition (intensive vs. distributed therapy). Results The fidelity procedures were sufficient to promote and verify a high level of adherence to the treatment protocol across clinicians, cohorts, and study condition. Conclusion Treatment fidelity strategies and monitoring are feasible when incorporated into the study design. Treatment fidelity monitoring should be completed at regular intervals during the course of a study to ensure that high levels of protocol adherence are maintained over time and across conditions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document