scholarly journals Proboscidea from the Baynunah Formation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Late Miocene ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Geological Age ◽  
Herd Structure ◽  
Tooth Emergence ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
Grassland Habitats ◽  
A New Species

The Baynunah Formation provides the only late Miocene record of fossil proboscideans from the Arabian Peninsula, identifiable as a deinothere, tetralophodont gomphothere(s), and stegotetrabelodont elephant. Ichnofossils show the oldest evidence for modern-type elephant herd structure. The elephant sample is particularly abundant, and newly-recovered fossils yield critical evidence about their systematics and biology. Comparative results show that the Baynunah stegotetrabelodont belongs in a new species, and that in many ways it is the most primitive of all elephants —supporting a geological age of 8.0-6.0 Ma—consistent with having evolved in Afro-Arabia from Tetralophodon between 9.0-8.0 Ma. Body size analyses reveal that these elephants were exceptionally tall and heavy, possibly exceeding 10,000 kg. Tooth emergence is reconstructed as dp2-dp3-dp4-p3-m1-p4- m2-m3. The taxonomic composition and dietary preferences of the Baynunah proboscideans indicate the presence of heterogeneous local habitats in the region during the late Miocene, though the high abundance of the stegotetrabelodont, and the rarity of the deinothere and gomphothere(s) indicate a dominance of grassland habitats and a lesser representation of wooded areas.

Faunistic inventory and zoogeographical analysis of the ground beetles (Coleoptera, Carabidae) of Garf Raydah Nature Reserve, Southwestern of Saudi Arabia, and description of a new species of Paussinae

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4514 (3) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAHMOUD S. ABDEL-DAYEM ◽  
IFTEKHAR RASOOL ◽  
ALI A. ELGHARBAWY ◽  
PETER NAGEL ◽  
HATHAL M. ALDHAFER
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
New Records ◽  
Ground Beetles ◽  
Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia ◽  
Form Analysis ◽  
A New Species

Study of ground beetles of the Garf Raydah Nature Reserve, located in the Asir Mountains of southwestern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) resulted in one species, Paussus abditus Nagel, sp. n. described as new to science. Thirteen species (21.3%) are reported as new country records and fifteen species (24.6%) are new records for Asir Province. Adult beetles were collected from 2013 to 2017. The determination of this material yielded a total of 61 species in 40 genera and 17 tribes belonging to nine subfamilies of Carabidae. The species richness represented approximately 36.1% of carabid species previously reported from KSA. The most species rich tribes were the Lebiini (20 species), the Harpalini (10 species), and the Bembidiini (6 species). The life form analysis of adults indicated 18 life form types that are grouped into three categories, Zoophagous (77.1%), Mixophytophagous (18.0%), and Myrmecophilous (4.9%). Zoogeographical analyses indicated that the Afrotropical (19.3%) and the Saharo-Arabian (19.3%) species dominate the carabid fauna of this region of KSA. Coryza cf. maculata (Nietner, 1856) is considered the only Oriental representative. Only one cosmopolitan species, Perigona nigriceps (Dejean, 1831), was collected. Eleven endemics were identified; six species are considered KSA endemics and five are Arabian Peninsula endemics. 

Neogastropod molluscs from the Miocene of western Amazonia, with comments on marine to freshwater transitions in molluscs

2002 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geerat J. Vermeij ◽  
Frank P. Wesselingh
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Southeast Asian ◽  
South American ◽  
Seasonal Fluctuations ◽  
Early Late ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Freshwater Environments

Two neogastropod species occur in brackish intervals in the Pebas Formation (late Middle to early Late Miocene) of Peru and Colombia in western Amazonia. Purpura woodwardi Roxo, 1924, is assigned to Melongena Schumacher, 1817 (Melongenidae), and ?Nassarius reductus (Nassariidae) is recognized as a new species. These gastropods are among the very few marine invaders in the otherwise freshwater Pebas fauna. The small number of marine to freshwater transitions among South American molluscs contrasts with the situation among South American fishes and southeast Asian molluscs. It may be related to seasonal fluctuations in water level and anoxia in present-day South American freshwater environments, as well as to predation and productivity.

scholarly journals Adocus Kohaku, A New Species of Aquatic Turtle (Testudines: Cryptodira: Adocidae) from the Late Cretaceous of Kuji, Iwate Prefecture, Northeast Japan, with Special References to the Geological Age of the Tamagawa Formation (Kuji Group) LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:61376EEE-A386-416E-98AE-FF64FE2597A2

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Hirayama
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Eastern Asia ◽  
Geological Age ◽  
Iwate Prefecture ◽  
A New Species

A nearly complete shell of the genus Adocus (Adocidae; Pan-Trionychia; Cryptodira; Testudines) was collected from the late Cretaceous (Turonian) Tamagawa Formation of Kuji Group at Kuji City, Iwate Prefecture, northeast Japan. This turtle shows unique features such as the loss of cervical scute, extreme expansion of marginal scutes overlying costal plates, and exclusion of the humeral- pectoral sulcus from entoplastron. Thus, A. kohaku is erected as a new species. As A. kohaku shows most derived position of A. kohaku within this genus, morphological diversity of the genus Adocus seems to have occurred rather early in its evolution in Eastern Asia.

Helminths of the Hydromyini (Muridae: Hydromyinae) from Papua New Guinea with the description of a new species of Labiobulura (Nematoda: Ascaridida)

Zootaxa ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 1332 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
LESLEY R. SMALES
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Buccal Cavity ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Host Switching ◽  
New Host ◽  
Dietary Preferences ◽  
Host Taxon ◽  
A New Species ◽  
New Host Records

From a survey of helminths of the alimentary tracts of 26 hydromyins; 11 Leptomys, 1 Mayermys, 3 Neohydromys, 9 Paraleptomys, and 2 Parahydromys from Papua New Guinea an acanthocephalan, Porrorchis hydromuris; a cestode, Mathevotaenia sp.; the trematodes, Brachylaima sp., and a psilostome; and the nematodes, Heterakis fieldingi, Odilia mackerrasae, O, emanuelae, Protospirura kaindiensis, Rictularia mackerrasae, and Capillaria sp. s.l., as well as encapsulated larval ascaridids were found. All represent new host records. Labiobulura leptomyidis n. sp. (Subuluridae), differs from its congener in having longer spicules, no spines on the chordal lobes of the buccal cavity and it is described from Leptomys spp. Spirurida or Ascaridida were the dominant taxa in each helminth assemblage, with dietary preferences being a determinant. Either coevolution and or host switching, sometimes associated with migration between Australia and Papua New Guinea, also appear to have influenced the development of the helminth assemblage in each host taxon.

Patterns of morphological and genetic variation in western Indian Ocean members of the Chaerephon 'pumilus' complex (Chiroptera: Molossidae), with the description of a new species from Madagascar

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2551 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
STEVEN M. GOODMAN ◽  
WAHEEDA BUCCAS ◽  
THESHNIE NAIDOO ◽  
FANJA RATRIMOMANARIVO ◽  
PETER J. TAYLOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Species Complex ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Indian Ocean Island ◽  
The Individual ◽  
A New Species

The species delimitations of African, Arabian Peninsula, and western Indian Ocean island members of the Molossidae bat species complex Chaerephon pumilus remain largely unresolved. Based on genetic analyses this group is paraphyletic, with C. leucogaster nested within C. pumilus sensu lato, and the latter is composed of several distinct clades. DNA was isolated from a specimen of C. p. pumilus obtained at the type locality (Massawa, Eritrea). Although incomplete, this sequence allowed us to clearly define which clade is referable to nominate pumilus, a critical step in resolving the systematics of this species complex. Using morphological and molecular genetic (cytochrome b and D-loop sequences) characters, we establish that C. leucogaster and C. 'pumilus' on Madagascar represent two different lineages and that the Malagasy population referred to C. 'pumilus' is specifically distinct from those on Africa, the islands and mainland Africa. The population of C. pusillus from the western Seychelles atoll of Aldabra cluster with that of the Comoros, rather than Madagascar. For numerous other species of volant vertebrates (bats and birds), the origin of the Aldabra fauna is mixed between the Comoros and Madagascar (e.g., Goodman & Ranivo 2008; O'Brien et al. 2009; Pasquet et al. 2007; Warren et al. 2003). Hence, in the case of these 9-17 g Chaerephon bats, these water barriers have been associated with the isolation and subsequent differentiation of populations after successful dispersal and colonization events. In contrast, within the Comoros, there is no apparent genetic structure between with the individual islands, which are separated by 40 and 80 km, indicating that this distance is regularly traversed by these bats and giving rise to intra-archipelago panmixia of populations.

scholarly journals A giant termite of the genus Gyatermes from the late Miocene of Nagano Prefecture, Japan (Isoptera)

2015 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Michael S. Engel ◽  
Toshiaki Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Late Miocene ◽  
Central Japan ◽  
Nagano Prefecture ◽  
Late Neogene ◽  
Neogene Sediments ◽  
A New Species

A new species of the termite genus <em>Gyatermes</em> Engel &amp; Gross (Archotermopsidae) is described and figured from a beautifully preserved forewing in late Neogene sediments of Nagano Prefecture, central Japan.  The approximately 27-mm long forewing of <em><strong>Gyatermes naganoensis</strong></em> Engel &amp; Tanaka, new species, is preserved in Late Miocene (late Messinian) mudstone of the Ogawa Formation (<em>ca</em>. 6 Ma), and is distinguished from its slightly older and larger congener <em>G. styriensis</em> Engel &amp; Gross, from the early Tortonian of Styria, Austria.  Comments are provided regarding the paleoclimatic implications of a giant termite in the Miocene fauna of Nagano.

Discovery of Metacrangonyx in inland groundwaters of Oman (Amphipoda: Gammaridea: Metacrangonyctidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 3335 (1) ◽  
pp. 54 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAMIÀ JAUME ◽  
RONALD VONK
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Coastal Plain ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Mediterranean Area ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Sinai Peninsula ◽  
The Family ◽  
Amphipod Crustacean ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
A New Species

A new species of metacrangonyctid amphipod crustacean is described from the Salalah coastal plain aquifer in south-western Oman. This is the easternmost record of the group, with representatives previously thought to span from Hispaniola in the Caribbean to the Sinai Peninsula in Egypt. Metacrangonyx dhofarensis sp. nov. is unique among metacrangonyctids in the display of a sexually dimorphic armature on pereiopod IV. In addition, its hypertrophied coxal plate IV, reduced plates I-III, coxal plate VII lacking anteroventral lobe, and telson longer than broad are also distinctive. The same holds for the proximal segment of peduncle of antennule, provided with two hypertrophied robust setae on dorsolateral margin. The mandibles of the new species are devoid of palp, a feature shared only with Metacrangonyx antennatus Messouli, El Alami, Coineau & Boutin, 2008. The presence of metacrangonyctids on the coasts of the Arabian Peninsula is probably the result of a vicariant event rather than of an episode of trans-Arabian continental dispersal by a Middle East ancestor. This is in accord with the presumed marine origin of the family and with the existence of a shallow water marine continuum between the current south-western Omani coast and the peri-Mediterranean area -where most species of metacrangonyctids are located - until approximately 16 Ma.

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