Lancaster_etal_2021_JRR_preprint

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between selective visual attention (SVA), reading decoding, listening comprehension, and reading comprehension in children with and without a reading disorder.Methods: We used longitudinal data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). We split children into four groups: Typical Readers, Dyslexics, Poor Comprehenders, and Comorbid Reading Disorder. We included measures of single word reading, nonword reading, spelling, phonological processing, vocabulary, receptive language, nonverbal intelligence, selective attention, and reading comprehension. We used ANOVA, correlations, and structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine the relationship between SVA and reading. We fit two possible models: SVA Indirect and SVA Direct. The difference between these models was the inclusion of a direct path from SVA to reading comprehension.Results: We examined an indirect model, where SVA predicted reading comprehension through word decoding and listening comprehension, and a direct model, which included a pathway from SVA to reading comprehension. Based on our ANOVA and correlation results, we collapsed the Dyslexic, Poor Comprehenders, and Comorbid Reading Disorder Groups for the SEM. We found evidence that for Typical Readers, an indirect model was the best fit, whereas the direct model was the best model for children with a reading disorder.Conclusions: Selective visual attention is related to reading comprehension. This relationship differs for children with and without a reading disorder.