scholarly journals A Mirror-image Analysis of Psychiatric Hospitalisations among People with Serious Mental Illness using Independent Supported Housing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Adamus ◽  
Dirk Richter ◽  
Simeon Joel Zürcher
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Image Study ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Time Invariant

PurposeEvidence on the effectiveness of Independent Supported Housing (ISH) for non-homeless people with mental illness primarily comes from observational cohort studies, which have high risk of bias due to confounding by time-invariant sample characteristics. The present study proposes an alternative study design known from pharmacology to overcome this bias and strengthen evidence. MethodsWe conducted a retrospective mirror-image analysis with medical records of 144 ISH service users to assess the effectiveness of ISH in reducing the number and duration of hospitalisations. Outcomes occurring in equal periods before and during ISH utilisation were compared for every ISH user. Differences between the periods were tested with incidence rate ratios (IRR). ResultsIncluded service users were on average 38.2 years old, female (54%) and predominately had an affective (28.5%) or a schizophrenic or psychotic (22.9%) disorder with ISH utilisation days ranging from 36-960. Fewer admissions (IRR=0.41, 95%-CI 0.27-0.64) and fewer person-days hospitalised (IRR=0.38, 95%-CI 0.35-0.41) were observed during utilisation period compared to prior to their ISH utilisation. While the reduction in psychiatric admissions may be somewhat confounded by time-variant characteristics, the substantial reduction in hospitalised bed-bays represents at least partially an intervention effect. ConclusionsThe mirror-image study design allowed for a cost-effective investigation of ISH effectiveness in reducing hospitalisation without confounding by time-invariant sample characteristics. We provide recommendations for the design’s application and suggest further research with larger samples.

The impact of switching to clozapine on psychiatric hospital admissions: a mirror-image study

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 259-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kirwan ◽  
L. O’Connor ◽  
K. Sharma ◽  
C. McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Antipsychotic Agent ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Image Study ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundClozapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent used primarily in the management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Previous studies have demonstrated clozapine’s superior efficacy over other antipsychotic medications in treating this population of patients. The aim of this study was to assess if the number of hospital admissions and days spent in hospital reduced with the initiation of clozapine, compared with when the same sample of patients were prescribed other antipsychotics prior to clozapine initiation.MethodA mirror-image study design was adopted. In this case the intervention under study was the initiation of clozapine. Information was collected retrospectively from the charts of patients attending the University Hospital Galway clozapine clinic. The number of admissions and number of hospital days were collected for each patient over the 3 years before and after clozapine initiation. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test was used to test for statistical significance.ResultsThe total sample size comprised of 62 patients, of which the majority were male (74.2%) and had a diagnosis of schizophrenia (82.3%). The mean dose of clozapine was 417 mg, and mean age of the sample was 38 years. Mean number of hospital admissions reduced from 2.8 to 0.8 (p<0.0001) following initiation of clozapine. Mean number of days spent in hospital reduced from 116.4 to 17.1 (p<0.0001).ConclusionAfter initiation of clozapine treatment, patients experience a substantial reduction in number of hospital admissions and number of days spent in hospital when compared with a similar period prior to clozapine initiation.

Prevention of common mental disorders in employees – Conception, study design and sample characteristics of a multi-target survey

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Michaelis ◽  
Rahna Lange ◽  
Florian Junne ◽  
Eva Rothermund ◽  
Stephan Zipfel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Sample Characteristics

‘I didn't like just sittin’ around all day’: Facilitating Social and Community Participation Among People with Mental Illness and High Levels of Psychiatric Disability

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 375-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
KRISTY MUIR ◽  
KAREN R FISHER ◽  
DAVID ABELLO ◽  
ANN DADICH
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Psychiatric Disability ◽  
Supported Housing ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
South Wales ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Living Skills ◽  
Support Programmes

AbstractPeople with mental illness can be profoundly disabled and at risk of social exclusion. Transitional models of supported housing have limited effectiveness in improving community participation. Stable, individualised psychosocial housing support programmes have been found to assist in improving mental health and decreasing hospitalisations, but little is understood about whether or how these programmes facilitate social and community participation. This article argues that, if certain supports are available, supported housing models can assist people with high levels of psychiatric disability to participate meaningfully in the community. To make this case, the article uses findings of a longitudinal evaluation of a supported housing model in Australia: the Housing and Accommodation Support Initiative Stage One (HASI). HASI is a partnership between the New South Wales Government Departments of Health and Housing and non-government organisations. It is a coordinated approach that provides clients with housing and community-based clinical support, as well as support with daily living skills and community participation. An analysis of questionnaire, database, interview and clinical data is used to demonstrate how HASI contributes to increased social and community participation. The article concludes with policy implications for supported housing models that aim to facilitate meaningful community participation for people with mental illness.

Human rights of people with mental illness diagnosis: perceptions among service users, family members and health professionals in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mayssa Rekhis ◽  
Sami Ouanes ◽  
Abir Ben Hamouda ◽  
Rym Rafrafi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Content Type ◽  
People With Mental Illness ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Right ◽  
Main Factor

Purpose This study aims to assess the awareness about the rights of people with mental illness in the main psychiatric hospital in Tunisia among the service users, the family members and the staff. Design/methodology/approach The Convention of Rights of People with Disabilities mandates that State Parties initiate and maintain campaigns and human rights training to promote understanding of the rights of people with mental illnesses, considered as a main factor for their fulfillment. Service users, family members and staff evaluated, through a survey, the importance of ten rights for persons with mental illness, stated in the convention. Findings Disparities were found in the perception of the different rights by and between the three groups. The highest levels of awareness were associated with the freedom from torture or degrading treatment and the right to live with dignity and respect, whereas the lower importance were assigned to the right to participation in recovery plans, to give consent and to exercise legal capacity. Originality/value The lack of awareness and the poor perception of rights of people with mental illness is one of the barriers to their achievement. More training and awareness raising is necessary.

Monitoring the physical health of individuals with serious mental illness

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Majella Cahill ◽  
Anne Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Mental Health Service ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Serious Mental Illness ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Psychiatric Service ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Effective Models

AbstractDeveloping effective models of identifying and managing physical ill health amongst mental health service users has become an increasing concern for psychiatric service providers. This article sets out the general professional and Irish statutory obligations to provide physical health monitoring services for individuals with serious mental illness. Review and summary statements are provided in relation to the currently available guidelines on physical health monitoring.

scholarly journals Open-label randomized trial of titrated disease management for patients with hypertension: Study design and baseline sample characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 5-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
George L. Jackson ◽  
Morris Weinberger ◽  
Miriam A. Kirshner ◽  
Karen M. Stechuchak ◽  
Stephanie D. Melnyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Open Label ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Baseline Sample

Real-world effectiveness of clozapine for intellectual disability: Results from a mirror-image and a reverse-mirror-image study

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 1197-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Rohde ◽  
Rikke Hilker ◽  
Dan Siskind ◽  
Jimmi Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Real World ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Image Study
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