scholarly journals Neurofeedback training in major depressive disorder: a systematic review of clinical efficacy, study quality and reporting practices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Trambaiolli ◽  
Simon Huldreich Kohl ◽  
David E.J. Linden ◽  
David Marc Anton Mehler
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Reporting Practices

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. Neurofeedback training has been suggested as a potential additional treatment option for MDD patients not reaching remission from standard care (i.e., psychopharmacology and psychotherapy). Here we systematically reviewed neurofeedback studies employing electroencephalography, or functional magnetic resonance-based protocols in depressive patients. Of 585 initially screened studies, 24 were included in our final sample (N=480 patients in experimental and N=194 in the control groups completing the primary endpoint). We evaluated the clinical efficacy across studies and explored its relationship with the number of sessions as a potential proxy for a dose-effect response. We also attempted to group studies according to the control condition categories currently used in the field that affect clinical outcomes in group comparisons. In most studies, MDD patients showed symptom improvement superior to the control group(s). However, most articles did not comply with the most stringent study quality and reporting practices. We conclude with recommendations on best practices for experimental designs and reporting standards for neurofeedback training.

scholarly journals Trajectories for mood states during a multi-session neurofeedback training intervention in major depressive disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Marc Anton Mehler ◽  
Stefanie Kunas ◽  
Moses O. Sokunbi ◽  
Rainer Göbel ◽  
David E.J. Linden
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Total Mood Disturbance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Non-invasive neurofeedback training is currently explored as a potential add-on therapy to treat patients suffering from major depressive disorder, and first trials show promising clin-ical effects. The temporal evolution of therapeutic change, however, remains unclear. Methods: Profile of mood states (POMS) questionnaire ratings were collected immediately before and after five sessions of real-time fMRI neurofeedback training (rt-fMRI-NFT) in a randomised controlled trial (RCT). Data were analysed for within and between treatment sessions ef-fects. Results: Trajectories of mood profiles varied between subscales. Total mood disturbance and the subscales depression and tension showed both within and between treatment sessions ef-fects, although within-session effects were descriptively larger. Limitations: The sample size was relatively small owed to the current state of the rt-fMRI-NFT field. No data from a sham-neurofeedback control group was available. Conclusions: The presented data provides a better understanding of when changes in mood states occur. The POMS questionnaire allows monitoring rapid and slowly evolving changes in mood states and can thus inform future study designs for neuromodulation and psychological in-terventions for mental disorders.

scholarly journals Pretreatment Brain Connectome Fingerprint Predicts Treatment Response in Major Depressive Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 247054702098472
Author(s):  
Siyan Fan ◽  
Samaneh Nemati ◽  
Teddy J. Akiki ◽  
Jeremy Roscoe ◽  
Christopher L. Averill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Personalized Medicine ◽  
Drug Development ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Treatment Modality ◽  
Symptom Improvement ◽  
Specific Response ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Brain Connectome ◽  
Percent Improvement

Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) treatment is characterized by low remission rate and often involves weeks to months of treatment. Identification of pretreatment biomarkers of response may play a critical role in novel drug development, in enhanced prognostic predictions, and perhaps in providing more personalized medicine. Using a network restricted strength predictive modeling (NRS-PM) approach, the goal of the current study was to identify pretreatment functional connectome fingerprints (CFPs) that (1) predict symptom improvement regardless of treatment modality and (2) predict treatment specific improvement. Methods Functional magnetic resonance imaging and behavioral data from unmedicated patients with MDD (n = 200) were investigated. Participants were randomized to daily treatment of sertraline or placebo for 8 weeks. NRS-PM with 1000 iterations of 10 cross-validation were implemented to identify brain connectivity signatures that predict percent improvement in depression severity at week-8. Results The study identified a pretreatment CFP that significantly predicts symptom improvement independent of treatment modality but failed to identify a treatment specific CFP. Regardless of treatment modality, improved antidepressant response was predicted by high pretreatment connectivity between modules in the default mode network and the rest of the brain, but low external connectivity in the executive network. Moreover, high pretreatment internal nodal connectivity in the bilateral caudate predicted better response. Conclusions The identified CFP may contribute to drug development and ultimately to enhanced prognostic predictions. However, the results do not assist with providing personalized medicine, as pretreatment functional connectivity failed to predict treatment specific response.

scholarly journals Preventive Effect of Liothyronine on Electroconvulsive Therapy-Induced Memory Deficit in Patients with Major Depressive Disorder: A Double-Blind Controlled Clinical Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Mohagheghi ◽  
Asghar Arfaie ◽  
Shahrokh Amiri ◽  
Masoud Nouri ◽  
Salman Abdi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Visual Memory ◽  
Memory Deficit ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
The Impact

Introduction and Objective. Despite the effectiveness of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) in treating major depressive disorder (MDD), its cognitive side effects make it less popular. This study investigated the impact of liothyronine on ECT-induced memory deficit in patients with MDD.Methodology. This is a double-blind clinical trial, in which 60 patients with MDD who were referred for ECT were selected. The diagnosis was based on the criteria of DSM-IV-TR. Patients were divided randomly into two groups to receive either liothyronine (50 mcg every morning) or placebo. After the assessment with Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised (WMS-R) before first session of ECT, posttests were repeated again, two months after the completion of ECT.Findings. By controlling the pretest scores, the mean scores of the experimental group were higher than the control group in delayed recall, verbal memory, visual memory, general memory, and attention/concentration scales (P<0.05).Conclusion. Liothyronine may prevent ECT-induced memory impairment in patients with MDD. This study has been registered in IRCT underIRCT201401122660N2.

Optical Coherence Tomography and Pattern Electroretinography Changes in Egyptian Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

QJM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mostafa S ElShaarawi ◽  
Ayman A Gaafar ◽  
Hisham S. Saad Eldin ◽  
Randa H Ali
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ophthalmological Examination ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pattern Electroretinography

Abstract Background Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disorder that affects nearly 11.1-14.6 % of the population in their lifetime. Pathophysiology and brain imaging findings show that degenerative and inflammatory processes may play a role. Meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry studies in MDD demonstrated significant gray matter loss. From anatomical and embryological perspectives, the retina can be considered a unique extension of the brain and is able to reflect axonal histopathology. Being unmyelinated, it can provide insight into the pathophysiological processes of diseases with a neurodegenerative element. Aim to compare retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) parameters in a group of MDD patients with a healthy control group and to correlate OCT parameters with pattern electroretinography (PERG) parameters. Method a controlled cross sectional study was conducted on 30 MDD patients and 28 age and sex matched controls. Both groups had a full ophthalmological examination, OCT imaging and 7 patients and 11 controls have PERG recorded. Results Thinning of the superior retinal nerve fiber layer, thinning of most of the ganglion cell inner plexiform (GCIP) layer, thinning of most of the macular thickness and thinning of macular volume in both eyes were detected. There was a statistically significant positive correlation between the left GCIP layer and the amplitude of the N95 wave. Also a statistically significant negative correlation existed between MDD duration in years with the left eye's average volume of the outer ring of the macula. Conclusion Significant retinal changes were detected by OCT in MDD patients supporting the theory of neurodegeneration as a pathophysiology of MDD.

THE PATTERN OF IRRATIONAL BELIEFS ASSOCIATED WITH MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER

1992 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyne Prud'homme ◽  
Pierre Barron
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Discriminant Analysis ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Symptom Severity ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Irrational Belief ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Normal Controls

In light of Rational-Emotive Theory, this study was undertaken to determine the pattern of irrational beliefs underlying Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). A total of 126 subjects (50 males, 76 females) volunteered to participate. Patients clinically diagnosed with MDD (unipolar type) and a control group of non-depressed patients were solicited from the inpatient and outpatient facilities of several Ottawa and Montreal hospitals; the normal control group comprised students and civil servants. The subjects completed questionnaires to measure irrational belief endorsement (IBT, RBI) and symptom severity (STAI, BDI) and to verify the depression diganosis (IDD). Multivariate statistics were used to determine the pattern of beliefs which best discriminates between the MDD group, the psychiatric control group, and the normal controls. Discriminant analysis of the IBT revealed a pattern of four irrational beliefs generally known as demand for approval, frustration reactivity, anxious overconcern, and helplessness over past. The implications of such findings for RET theory are discussed.

scholarly journals The effects of intramuscular administration of scopolamine augmentation in moderate to severe major depressive disorder: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
pp. 204512532093855
Author(s):  
Jingjing Zhou ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Xuequan Zhu ◽  
Tarek Zghoul ◽  
Lei Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Dose Group ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Placebo Control ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Double Blind

Introduction: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common affective disorder. Currently established pharmacotherapies lack rapid clinical response, thereby limiting their ability to bring instant relief to patients. A series of clinical trials has demonstrated the antidepressant effects of scopolamine, yet few have studied the effects of add-on scopolamine to currently available antidepressants. It is not known whether conventional antidepressant treatment with a 3-day scopolamine injection could speed up oral antidepressant efficacy. The main focus of this study is to detect the capacity of the rapid-onset efficacy of such a treatment option. Methods and analysis: This study consisted of a single-centre, double-blind, three-arm randomized trial with a 4-week follow-up period. Sixty-six participants meeting entry criteria were randomly allocated to three treatment groups: a high-dose group, a low-dose group and a placebo control group. Psychiatric rating scales were administered at baseline and seven viewing points following the administration of intramuscular injections. The primary outcome measure was length of time from randomization (baseline) to early improvement. Results: Both primary and secondary outcome measures consistently showed no differences among the three groups. The cumulative response rate and the remission rate were 72.7% (48/66) and 47.0% (31/66). Intramuscular scopolamine treatment was relatively well tolerated. Two subjects with high-dose injections dropped out because of a drug-related side effect. Conclusion: Contrary to our prediction, we found that, compared to placebo (0.9% saline i.m.), scopolamine was not associated with a significantly faster antidepressant response rate. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03131050. Registered on 18 April 2017.

scholarly journals Employment and earnings trajectories before and after sickness absence due to major depressive disorder: a nationwide case–control study

2020 ◽  
pp. oemed-2020-106660
Author(s):  
Christian Hakulinen ◽  
Petri Böckerman ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
Marianna Virtanen ◽  
Marko Elovainio
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Lower Probability ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Earnings Losses ◽  
Before And After ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender

ObjectivesTo examine employment and earnings trajectories before and after the first sickness absence period due to major depressive disorder (MDD).MethodsAll individuals (n=158 813) in Finland who had a first sickness absence period (lasting longer than 9 days) due to MDD between 2005 and 2015 were matched with one randomly selected individual of the same age and gender with no history of MDD. Employment status and earnings were measured using register-based data annually from 2005 to 2015. Generalised estimating equations were used to examine the trajectories of employment and earnings before and after MDD diagnosis in men and women separately.ResultsSickness absence due to MDD was associated with increased probability of non-employment during and after the year of the first sickness absence period. In men, but not in women, the probability of being employed was lower 5 years before the sickness absence period due to MDD. When compared with the individuals in the control group, men had around 34% and women 15% lower earnings 1 year, and 40% and 23%, respectively, 5 years, after the first sickness absence period due to MDD. More severe MDD and longer duration of sickness absence period were associated with lower probability of being employed.ConclusionsSickness absence due to MDD was associated with considerable reduction in employment and earnings losses. For men and individuals with more severe MDD, this reduction was before the first sickness period. This supports a reciprocal association between employment and earnings with MDD.

Clinical Efficacy and Biological Regulations of ω–3 PUFA-Derived Endocannabinoids in Major Depressive Disorder

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 215-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Yang ◽  
Lin Lin ◽  
Richard P. Bazinet ◽  
Yu-Chuan Chien ◽  
Jane Pei-Chen Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Depressive Disorder ◽  
Clinical Efficacy ◽  
Major Depressive
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