scholarly journals Default is Different: Relations and Representations in Agreement Processing

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dustin Alfonso Chacón
Keyword(s):  
Head Noun ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Syntactic Relation

Theories of agreement processing typically focus on the mechanisms by which comprehenders relate the morphological features of the agreement-controlling NP and those of the verb. However, agreement is fundamentally a syntactic relation. In this paper, I examine the processing of default agreement with clausal subjects ('[CP That the doctors studied hard] was reassuring') vs. the processing of agreement with near-synonymous NPs ('[NP The fact that the doctors studied hard] was reassuring'). In the NP subject case there is a syntactic agreement dependency between the head noun fact and the verb was, but not in the CP case. I show that the agreement processing pro?fie for CP subjects differs from those of NP subjects. This suggests that agreement confi?gurations with similar morphology and semantics may be processed using different strategies when embedded in different syntactic structures.

DISTRIBUTION OF VARIOUS FORMS OF ALUMINUM, IRON AND MANGANESE IN THE ORTHIC GRAY WOODED, GLEYED ORTHIC GRAY WOODED AND RELATED GLEYSOLIC SOILS IN MANITOBA

1971 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. MICHALYNA
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Features ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Maximum Accumulation ◽  
Aluminum Distribution ◽  
Aluminum Iron ◽  
Extractable Iron ◽  
Iron And Manganese

Soil color and other morphological features have definite limitations in differentiating Gleyed Gray Wooded from related Gleysolic soils of similar morphology. Iron and manganese data could provide guides for their separation. Oxalate-extractable to dithionite-extractable iron ratios differed considerably in or below the B horizon. The ratios for the BC horizons were 0.09 for an Orthic Gray Wooded, 0.29 to 0.45 for three Gleyed Orthic Gray Wooded and 0.55 to 0.93 for three Gleysolic soils. Dithionite-extractable iron to clay ratios were relatively constant in the Orthic Gray Wooded, a slight minimum occurred in the Bt horizons of the Gleyed Orthic Gray Wooded soils, and a maximum occurred in AB or B horizons of the Humic Eluviated Gleysols and the Fera Humic Gleysol. Total manganese distribution could aid in the separation of these soils; the maximum accumulation of manganese occurred in the Ae and Bt horizons of the Orthic Gray Wooded, in the Bt horizons of the Gleyed Orthic Gray Wooded, and in the C horizons of the associated Gleysolic soils. Aluminum distribution (dithionite- and oxalate-extractable) did not differ among these soils, indicating that it was not affected by differences in drainage regime.

scholarly journals SOME THEMATIC GROUPS OF MINOR GENRE FORMS OF INFORMATION. SYNTACTIC FEATURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (11(79)) ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Nataliia Leonova ◽  
Yuliia Serdiuchenko
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Information Distribution ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Syntactic Features ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Structure And Functions

The tendency to increase the speed of transmission of relevant information in specific genre information units is growing nowadays. The article attempts to identify and describe the main syntactic features of some thematic groups of minor genre forms of information (hereinafter referred to as MGFI). It is noted that, acting as only one part of the intonation structure in the sentence, vocative structures of minor genre forms mostly do not require additional disclosure of their content in the context. We single out non-textual existing vocatives belonging to the MGFI of the modern Ukrainian language, which are used in order to attract the attention of an addressee of speech, to encourage them to perceive speech. Syntactic features of genre forms of information related to the communicative component of the information message: announcements, appeals, prohibitions, information distribution and encouragement to perform an action or a requirement not to perform it in any case. The study deals with the structure and functions of announcements of different types as one of the types of minor genre forms of information, their features as syntactic structures. The structural and morphological features of vocative addresses in minor genre forms of periodical information are also analysed.

scholarly journals Thoridae (Crustacea: Decapoda) can penetrate the Abyss: a new species of Lebbeus from the Sea of Okhotsk, representing the deepest record of the family

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Marin
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
The Sea Of Okhotsk ◽  
Kuril Basin ◽  
The Family ◽  
A New Species

Lebbeus sokhobio sp. nov. is described from abyssal depths (3303−3366 m) in the Kuril Basin of the Sea of Okhotsk. The related congeners are deep-water dwellers with a very distant distribution and very similar morphology. The new species is separated by minor morphological features, such as the armature of the rostrum and telson, meral spinulation of ambulatory pereiopods and the shape of the pleonal pleurae. This species is the deepest dwelling representative of the genus Lebbeus and the family Thoridae. A list of records of caridean shrimps recorded from abyssal depths below 3000 m is given.

Romance N Prep N constructions in visual word recognition

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-132
Author(s):  
Inga Hennecke ◽  
Harald Baayen
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Head Noun ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Mountain Bike ◽  
Response Distribution ◽  
Syntactic Structures ◽  
Lexical Status ◽  
Fixation Durations ◽  
Total Fixation

Abstract N Prep N constructions such as Sp. bicicleta de montaña ‘mountain bike’ are very productive and frequent in Romance languages. They commonly have been classified as syntagmatic compounds that show no orthographic union and exhibit an internal structure that resembles free syntactic structures, such as Sp. libro para niños ‘book for children’. There is no consensus on how to best distinguish lexical from syntactic N Prep N constructions. The present paper presents an explorative eye-tracking study on N Prep N constructions, varying both lexical type (lexical vs. syntactic) and preposition across three languages, French, Spanish and Portuguese. The task of the eye-tracking study was a reading aloud paradigm of the constructions in sentence context. Constructions were fixated on less when more frequent, independent of lexical status. There was also modest evidence that a higher construction frequency afforded shorter total fixation durations, but only for lower deciles of the response distribution. The (construction-initial) head noun also received fewer fixations as construction frequency increased, and also when the head noun was more frequent. The second fixation durations on the head noun also revealed an effect of lexical status, with syntactic constructions receiving shorter fixations at the 5th and 7th deciles. The probability of a fixation on the preposition decreased with preposition frequency, but first fixations on the preposition increased with preposition frequency. The prepositions of Portuguese, the language with the richest inventory of prepositions, received more fixations than the prepositions of French and Spanish. The observed pattern of results is consistent with models of lexical processing in which reading is guided by knowledge of both higher-level constructions and knowledge of key constituents such as the head noun and the preposition.

Electron investigations of rhabdovirus-like particles in mexican bean beetles and crickets

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
J. R. Adams ◽  
G. J Tompkins ◽  
A. M. Heimpel ◽  
E. Dougherty
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Integrated Pest Management ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Epilachna Varivestis ◽  
House Cricket ◽  
Similar Morphology ◽  
Bean Beetle

As part of a continual search for potential pathogens of insects for use in biological control or on an integrated pest management program, two bacilliform virus-like particles (VLP) of similar morphology have been found in the Mexican bean beetle Epilachna varivestis Mulsant and the house cricket, Acheta domesticus (L. ).Tissues of diseased larvae and adults of E. varivestis and all developmental stages of A. domesticus were fixed according to procedures previously described. While the bean beetles displayed no external symptoms, the diseased crickets displayed a twitching and shaking of the metathoracic legs and a lowered rate of activity.Examinations of larvae and adult Mexican bean beetles collected in the field in 1976 and 1977 in Maryland and field collected specimens brought into the lab in the fall and reared through several generations revealed that specimens from each collection contained vesicles in the cytoplasm of the midgut filled with hundreds of these VLP's which were enveloped and measured approximately 16-25 nm x 55-110 nm, the shorter VLP's generally having the greater width (Fig. 1).

Montmorillonite Dendrites

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 454-455
Author(s):  
Necip Güven ◽  
Rodney W. Pease
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Growth ◽  
Growth Mechanism ◽  
Growth Front ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Dendritic Crystal ◽  
Crystal Growth Mechanism

Morphological features of montmorillonite aggregates in a large number of samples suggest that they may be formed by a dendritic crystal growth mechanism (i.e., tree-like growth by branching of a growth front).

Polymer Morphology Revealed by Staining Techniques

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
A. C. Reimschuessel ◽  
V. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Nylon 6 ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Negative Staining ◽  
Polymer Morphology ◽  
Crystallizable Polymer ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
Long Chain

Staining techniques can be used for either the identification of different polymers or for the differentiation of specific morphological domains within a given polymer. To reveal morphological features in nylon 6, we choose a technique based upon diffusion of the staining agent into accessible regions of the polymer.When a crystallizable polymer - such as nylon 6 - is cooled from the melt, lamellae form by chainfolding of the crystallizing long chain macromolecules. The regions between adjacent lamellae represent the less ordered amorphous domains into which stain can diffuse. In this process the lamellae will be “outlined” by the dense stain, giving rise to contrast comparable to that obtained by “negative” staining techniques.If the cooling of the polymer melt proceeds relatively slowly - as in molding operations - the lamellae are usually arranged in a radial manner. This morphology is referred to as spherulitic.

Morphologies of Nonadherent Al2O3 and Matching Substrate Surfaces

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 524-525
Author(s):  
C. S. Giggins ◽  
J. K. Tien ◽  
B. H. Kear ◽  
F. S. Pettit
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oxide Scale ◽  
Oxidation Resistance ◽  
Substrate Surface ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Thermally Induced ◽  
Oxide Spallation ◽  
Oxidation Resistant ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Substrate Surfaces

The performance of most oxidation resistant alloys and coatings is markedly improved if the oxide scale strongly adheres to the substrate surface. Consequently, in order to develop alloys and coatings with improved oxidation resistance, it has become necessary to determine the conditions that lead to spallation of oxides from the surfaces of alloys. In what follows, the morphological features of nonadherent Al2O3, and the substrate surfaces from which the Al2O3 has spalled, are presented and related to oxide spallation.The Al2O3, scales were developed by oxidizing Fe-25Cr-4Al (w/o) and Ni-rich Ni3 (Al,Ta) alloys in air at 1200°C. These scales spalled from their substrates upon cooling as a result of thermally induced stresses. The scales and the alloy substrate surfaces were then examined by scanning and replication electron microscopy.The Al2O3, scales from the Fe-Cr-Al contained filamentary protrusions at the oxide-gas interface, Fig. 1(a). In addition, nodules of oxide have been developed such that cavities were formed between the oxide and the substrate, Fig. 1(a).

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